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Research highlights from the Status report for step it up! The surgeon general's call to action to promote walking and walkable communities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第1期7卷 5-6页

作者： David R.Brown Susan A.Carlson gayathri S.Kumar Janet E.Fulton National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of NutritionPhysical Activity and Obesity Physical Activity and Health Branch

In September 2015,the Office of the Surgeon General,*** of Health and Human Services,released Step it up!The surgeon general’s call to action to promote walking and walkable communities(Call to Action)to increase walking among people across the USA.1The Call to Action also recognized that walkable communities can accommodate wheelchair rolling and are inclusive of persons with *** Status Report for the Call to Action was released in 2017。

关键词：电话医生外科社区办公室

Poly(1-vinylimidazole) Prospects in Gene Delivery

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2019年第7期37卷 637-645页

作者： Elena N.Danilovtseva Stanislav N.Zelinskiy Viktor A.Pal'shin gayathri Kandasamy Uma Maheswari Krishnan Vadim V.Annenkov Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 3Ulan-Batorskaya St.P.O. Box 278Irkutsk 664033Russia Centre for Nanotechnology &Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB) School of Chemical and BiotechnologySASTRA UniversityThanjavur 613401 Tamil NaduIndia

Polymeric amines are being studied intensively as components of systems for gene delivery in genetic engineering and gene therapy of genetic disorders, including cancer. Despite remarkable achievements in the field, polymeric amines, such as polyethyleneimine, show some disadvantages. Strong interaction between the amine-containing polymer and nucleic acid hampers the release of nucleic acid in the cell cytoplasm. Amine groups can interact with the cell membrane which results in cell death. These limitations of polymeric amines stimulated an investigation of new structures for gene delivery. Imidazole-containing polymers have attracted attention as lesser basic substances, while they are able to interact with polymeric acids. Further development of imidazole-based gene delivery agents requires knowledge about some fundamental aspects of interaction between nucleic acids, and polymeric imidazoles. In this work, we studied the complexation of poly(1-vinylimidazole) and oligomeric DNA. We found that the number of active sites capable of binding with negatively charged phosphate groups is comparable with the number of protonated imidazole units in the case of high molecular weight polymer. The increase in polymer charge by 1-bromopropane quaternizating 1%?5% imidazole units or by decreasing the pH to 6.5?7 considerably increased the ability of poly(1-vinylimidazole) to interact with oligonucleotides. The pH sensitivity of this interaction is interesting for cancer gene therapy because the tumours have a lowered intercellular pH (stable oligonucleotide complex) and a higher extracellular pH which can lead to complex dissociation. Minimal critical length for complexation of quaternized poly(1-vinylimidazole) and DNA is below eight units which corresponds to polymers with amine groups. Fluorescence-tagged poly(1-vinylimidazole) samples were obtained and their potential for monitoring the polymer and polymer-oligonucleotide complex internalization into living cells was demo

关键词： Polymeric amines Oligonucleotides Fluorescence Poly(1-vinylimidazole) Gene delivery

Bioinspired Water-soluble Polymers with Grafted Polyamine Chains： Synthesis and Complexation with Oligonucleotides

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2018年第10期36卷 1114-1122页

作者： Vadim V.Annenkov Uma Maheswari Krishnan Viktor A.Pal'shin Stanislav N.Zelinskiy gayathri Kandasamy Elena N.Danilovtseva Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 3 Ulan-Batorskaya St. P.O. Box 278 Irkutsk 664033 Russia Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB) School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA University Thanjavur - 613401 Tamil Nadu India

The siliceous frustules of diatom algae contain complex proteins known as silaffins, which consist of a peptide chain with grafted polyamine chains. These polyamines contain twenty or more nitrogen atoms with trimethylene groups between the nitrogens. We synthesized a set of polymers containing grafted long-chain polyamine fragments by using acryloyl chloride （ACh） polymers and activated acrylic acid copolymers as the starting materials. The new polymers contained 0.05 mol%-3.2 mol% of polyamine chains, which corresponded to 0.06-3.56 mmol·g- 1 amine groups. The new amine-containing polymers formed complexes with short （19-21-mer） deoxyribonucleic acid （DNA） and ribonucleic acid （RNA） strands, and these complexes penetrated into model yeast cells and A549 lung cancer cell. This study demonstrates the potential of these species based on long-chain polyamines to serve as novel gene delivery systems.

关键词： Polyamine Polymeric amine Gene delivery Acryloyl chloride

Catatonia:A deep dive into its unfathomable depths

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 210-214页

作者： Peter Phiri gayathri Delanerolle Oliver Hope Tharangini Murugaiyan Geoffrey Dimba Shanaya Rathod Zukiswa Zingela Research&Innovation Department Southern Health NHS Foundation TrustSouthampton SO303JBUnited Kingdom School of Psychology Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJHampshireUnited Kingdom Acute Inpatients Services Southern Health NHS Foundation TrustBasingstoke RG249RHUnited Kingdom Home Treatment Team South WestSurrey and Borders Partnerships NHS Foundation TrustGuildford GU27XLSurreyUnited Kingdom Faculty of Health Sciences Nelson Mandela UniversitySummerstrand 6001GqeberhaSouth Africa

This editorial addresses catatonia,a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome characterised by a spectrum of psychomotor *** editorial seeks to clarify the ambiguous aspects of catatonia,integrating recent research findings,including global studies and diagnostic *** discusses catatonia’s clinical manifestations,prevalence,and associated psychiatric and medical conditions,with particular emphasis on its frequent co-occurrence with schizophrenia and mood *** prevalence of catatonia,which varies across psychiatric populations,is illustrated by a significant study conducted in Nelson Mandela Bay,South *** study provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of the Bush-Francis Screening Instrument compared to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 criteria in diagnosing *** editorial evaluates treatment approaches,primarily focusing on benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy,and discusses emerging therapeutic *** underscores the importance of robust diagnostic frameworks and early intervention in managing catatonia,as recommended by the latest evidence-based consensus ***,it suggests future research directions,particularly in exploring the neurobiological and genetic factors of catatonia,to enhance our understanding and improve treatment *** editorial succinctly aims to demystify catatonia and provide valuable insights for clinicians and researchers in mental health care.

关键词： Catatonia Schizophrenia Neuropsychiatry Benzodiazepines Electroconvulsive therapy Bush-Francis screening instrument Diagnosis

Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Cardiology 2021年第1期13卷 28-37页

作者： Esther G Chong Eric H Lee Reena Sail Laura Denham gayathri Nagaraj Chung-Tsen Hsueh Department of Medicine Loma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92350United States Department of Hematology/Oncology Compassionate Cancer Care Medical GroupFountain ValleyCA 92708United States Department of Hematology/Oncology Scripps MD Anderson Cancer CenterSan DiegoCA 92121United States Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy Loma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92350United States Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology Department of MedicineLoma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCA 92350United States

BACKGROUND Doxorubicin and other anthracycline derivatives inhibit topoisomerase II and is an important class of cytotoxic chemotherapy in cancer *** use of anthracycline is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity,which may manifest initially as asymptomatic cardiac dysfunction with subsequent progression to congestive heart *** baseline assessment and periodic monitoring of cardiac function for patients receiving anthracycline agents,there are unmet needs in prediction and prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity(AIC).CASE SUMMARY A 35-year-old African American female was found to have a 9-cm high-grade osteosarcoma of right femur and normal baseline cardiac function with left ventricular ejection fraction of approximately 60%-70%determined by transthoracic and dobutamine stress *** underwent perioperative doxorubicin and cisplatin chemotherapy with 3 cycles before surgery and 3 cycles after surgery,and received a total of 450 mg/m2 doxorubicin at the end of her treatment *** was evaluated regularly during chemotherapy without any cardiac or respiratory *** two months after her last chemotherapy,the patient presented to the emergency department with dyspnea for one week and was intubated for acute hypoxic respiratory *** showed an ejection fraction of 5%-10%with severe biventricular *** attempts to optimize cardiac function,the patient’s hemodynamic status continued to decline,and resuscitation was not successful on the seventh day of *** autopsy showed no evidence of osteosarcoma,and the likely cause of death was cardiac failure with the evidence of pulmonary congestion,liver congestion,and multiple body cavity *** We present a case of 35-year-old African American female developing cardiogenic shock shortly after receiving a cumulative dose of 450 mg/m2 doxorubicin over 9 *** monitoring and management of patients receivin

关键词： Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity Doxorubicin Troponin Brain natriuretic peptide Case report

Molecular basis of COVID-19,ARDS and COVID-19-associated ARDS:Diagnosis pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies

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BIOCELL 2023年第11期47卷 2335-2350页

作者： PRIYADHARSHINI THANJAVUR SRIRAMAMOORTHI gayathri GOPAL SHIBI MURALIDAR SAI RAMANAN ESWARAN DANUSH NARAYAN PANNEERSELVAM BHUVANESWARAN MEIYANATHAN SRICHANDRASEKAR THUTHIKKADU INDHUPRAKASH SENTHIL VISAGA AMBI Biopharmaceutical Research Lab Anusandhan Kendra-1SASTRA Deemed-to-be UniversityThanjavur613401India School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed-to-be UniversityThanjavur613401India

The novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)is spreading worldwide and threatening people *** routes by which SARS-CoV-2 causes lung injury have grown to be a major concern in the scientific community since patients with new Coronavirus,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)have a high likelihood of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)in severe *** mortality rate of COVID-19 has increased over the period due to rapid spread,and it becomes crucial to understand the disease epidemiology,pathogenic mechanisms,and suitable treatment *** is a respiratory disorder and is one of the clinical manifestations observed in patients with severe *** this scenario,it is important to address this problem to develop suitable treatment *** review attempts to present the prevalence of ARDS in COVID-19 patients and their predictive causes and risk factors,highlighting the contrasting features of COVID-19-induced ARDS with typical *** review also presents insights into the association between SARS-CoV-2 and lung damage while exploring the potential COVID-19 mechanisms in ARDS from the perspective of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protein,cytokine storm,immune responses,and other signaling *** review also discusses the diagnosis strategies,pathogenesis,risk factors,and treatment options of COVID-19-related ARDS.

关键词： ARDS SARS-CoV-2 Variants Pathogenesis Risk factors Vaccines

Comparative Evaluation of RT-PCR Kits Available in Sri Lanka for Diagnosis of COVID-19

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2023年第3期5卷 152-158页

作者： Kanchana P.Amarasinghe Arumugam Murugananthan Ponnuthurai T.Amalraajan Mithusha Thavaththurai gayathri Ravindran Kalamathy Murugananthan Shakila K.Gunathilake Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Department of Mathematics and Statistics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka

Identification of gene targets by real-time reverse transcriptase PCR(rRT-PCR)is considered as the gold standard for diagnosis of se-vere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** many commercial rRT-PCR kits are currently used in Sri Lanka,analytical performance of these kits have not been investigated ***,the objective of the present study was to evaluate the analytical performance of rRT-PCR kits used in the laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine,University of Jaffna(five kits).Performance of the five rRT-PCR kits selected for this study was compared with the CDC 2019-Novel Coronavirus(2019-nCoV)RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel as reference *** sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and Cohen’sκcoefficient of the five different commercial kits were ***-CoV-2 positive(62)and negative(32)respiratory sam-ples collected respectively from symptomatic individuals and asymptomatic healthy individuals were used in this *** of the cycle threshold(Ct)values of the five commercial kits revealed *** them,the TaqPathTM kit showed the highest sensitivity(98.4%)and interrater reliability(0.976).The HBRT-COVID-19 kit showed the lowest sensitivity(91.9%),specificity(93.7%)and interrater reliability(0.838).Although the five RT-PCR kits exhibited varying sensitivity,specificity and Ct values,all of them are suitable for the routine diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections as all values were higher than 90%.

关键词： COVID-19 diagnosis RT-PCR Ct value sensitivity specificity

Rapid commentary:Ethical implications for clinical trialists and patients associated with COVID-19 research

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第3期11卷 58-62页

作者： gayathri Delanerolle Shanaya Rathod Kathryn Elliot Rema Ramakrishnan Tony Thayanandan Natasha Sandle Nyla Haque Vanessa Raymont Peter Phiri Department of Psychiatry University of OxfordOxford OX37JXUnited Kingdom Research and Development Department Southern Health NHS Foundation TrustSouthampton SO303JBUnited Kingdom Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health University of OxfordOxford OX37JXUnited Kingdom Primary Care Population Sciences and Medical EducationFaculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO165STUnited Kingdom

Pandemics disrupt clinical trials worldwide,with lasting effects on *** can severely impact clinical trialists ability to conduct safe and ethically uncompromised ***,the mounting pressure results in ethically and morally distressing decisions faced by clinical trial professionals during pandemic *** clinical trialists attempt to think about preparedness and responses during a pandemic,the need to have an ethical framework that has real-world applicability is *** are a challenging time for all,however,the safety and access to support for clinical trialists and patients within clinical trials should be at the forefront for their organisations and the government.

关键词： COVID-19 Pandemic Ethics Clinical trials Patients Trialists

Vaccine booster efficiently inhibits entry of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第3期19卷 445-446页

作者： Wei Zhang Linfen Huang Gang Ye Qibin Geng Nwando Ikeogu Morgan Harris gayathri Dileepan Kristina Burrack Lanying Du Anne Frosch Fang Li Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMNUSA Center for Coronavirus Research University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMNUSA Department of Medicine University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Hennepin Healthcare Department of Medicine Hennepin Healthcare Research InstituteMinneapolisMNUSA Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA

The newly emerged omicron strain of SARS-CoV-2 is spreading fast globally,replacing the previously dominant delta strain in many parts of the world[1].Compared to the early prototypic strains,the delta strain evades the human immune system more easily,causing many breakthrough infections in vaccinated people[2].It is imperative to understand in a timely fashion whether the omicron strain escapes immune *** information will be critical for public health measures.

关键词： strain breakthrough globally