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Flattening the biological age curve by improving metabolic health:to taurine or not to taurine,that’s the question

Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第11期20卷 813-823页

作者： Kwok m.Ho Anna Lee William Wu matthew T.V.Chan Lowell Ling Jeffrey Lipman Jason Roberts Edward Litton gavin m.joynt martin Wong Department of Intensive Care medicine Fiona Stanley HospitalPerthAustralia medical School The University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia School of Veterinary&Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityPerthAustralia Department of Anaesthesia&Intensive Care Prince of Wales HospitalChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jamieson Trauma Institute Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Division of Anaesthesiology Critical Care Emergency and Pain medicine Nîmes University HospitalUniversity of MontpellierNîmesFrance University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Herston Infectious Diseases Institute(HeIDI) Metro North HealthBrisbaneAustralia Departments of Pharmacy and Intensive Care medicine Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia JC School of Public Health and Primary Care Centre for Health Education and Health PromotionChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health Peking UniversityBeijingChina School of Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The aging population is an important issue around the world especially in developed *** med-ical advances have substantially extended life span,the same cannot be said for the duration of health *** are seeing in-creasing numbers of elderly people who are frail and/or have multiple chronic conditions;all of these can affect the quality of life of the elderly population as well as increase the burden on the healthcare *** is mechanistically related to common medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus,ischemic heart disease,cognitive decline,and frailty.A recently accepted concept termed‘Accelerated Biological Aging’can be diagnosed when a person’s biological age—as measured by biomarkers of DNA methylation—is older than their corresponding chronological ***,a conditionally essential amino acid,has received much attention in the past few years.A substantial number of animal studies have provided a strong scientific foundation sug-gesting that this amino acid can improve cellular and metabolic health,including blood glucose control,so much that it has been labelled one of the‘longevity amino acids’.In this review article,we propose the rationale that an adequately powered random-ized-controlled-trial(RCT)is needed to confirm whether taurine can meaningfully improve metabolic and microbiome health,and biological *** trial should incorporate certain elements in order to provide the much-needed evidence to guide doctors,and also the community at large,to determine whether this promising and inexpensive amino acid is useful in improving human metabolic health.

关键词： rational meaningful Taurine

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Antioxidative and anti-endotoxin effects of propofol on endothelial cells

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Chinese medical Journal 2003年第5期116卷 731-735页

作者：彭志勇罗敏叶仕桥 Critchley Lester AH joynt gavin m Ho Anthony mH 姚尚龙 Department of Anesthesia Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430022 China Department of Anesthesia Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430030 China Department of Pathophysiology Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430030 China Department of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Prince of Wales Hospital Faculty of Medicine Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Objective To investigate the antioxidant and anti-endotoxin effects of propofol on endothelial cells and the possible *** Cultured endothelial cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2), propofol + H 2O 2, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and propofol + LPS, respectively. Endothelial cell damage was monitored for possible lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release. The transcription and the protein expression levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were *** LDH release was higher in groups treated with H 2O 2 or LPS than in the control group. After pretreatment with propofol, the effects induced by H 2O 2 were attenuated, but propofol did not decrease the LDH release induced by LPS. Both H 2O 2 and LPS significantly increased the eNOS transcript levels and the increases were significantly attenuated after pretreatment with propofol. Both H 2O 2 and LPS significantly increased the eNOS protein expression and the increase was attenuated after pretreatment with propofol. Conclusion Propofol could protect endothelial cells against oxidative stress by inhibiting eNOS transcription and protein expression, but could not antagonise endotoxin induced cell injuries.

关键词： hyponotic agent hydrogen peroxide lipopolysaccharide nitric oxide antioxidant endothelium

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全身性感染时的组织氧合(第1部分:评价方法)

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中国危重病急救医学 1999年第4期11卷 199-202页

作者： gavin joynt Charles D Gomersall Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Sha TinHong Kong

在加强医疗（Ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｃａｒｅ）中的常规监测技术反映了全身性感染患者血流动力学的总体情况。但是，它们并不反映组织水平上的氧供、氧需和氧耗的平衡〔１〕。现有的很多技术能够直接测定组织氧合状况，但都不适宜临床常规... 详细信息

在加强医疗（Ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｃａｒｅ）中的常规监测技术反映了全身性感染患者血流动力学的总体情况。但是，它们并不反映组织水平上的氧供、氧需和氧耗的平衡〔１〕。现有的很多技术能够直接测定组织氧合状况，但都不适宜临床常规应用〔２〕。因此，全身性氧输送和氧...

关键词：全身性感染组织氧合氧合测定

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全身性感染时的组织氧合第2部分:动物和人体研究的评价(一)

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中国危重病急救医学 1999年第5期11卷 259-261页

作者： gavin joynt Charles D Gomersall Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales HospitalSha TinHong Kong

评价人体和动物组织氧合的现有方法已在第１部分中进行了阐述。有证据表明，在全身性感染时人和动物发生组织缺氧。在此，我们将就这些方法鉴别组织缺氧的能力进行阐述，并就其改善全身性感染患者组织氧合的治疗指导作用进行评估。１组... 详细信息

评价人体和动物组织氧合的现有方法已在第１部分中进行了阐述。有证据表明，在全身性感染时人和动物发生组织缺氧。在此，我们将就这些方法鉴别组织缺氧的能力进行阐述，并就其改善全身性感染患者组织氧合的治疗指导作用进行评估。１组织氧合的全身性测定指标１．１氧输送...

关键词：全身性感染组织氧合动物人体

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全身性感染时的组织氧合第2部分:动物和人体研究的评价(二)

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中国危重病急救医学 1999年第6期11卷 329-331页

作者： gavin joynt Charles D Gomersall Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Sha Tin Hong Kong

２组织氧合的局部测定我们已经发现，在全身水平上未能显示组织氧供缺乏。我们现在需要对单一器官和组织进行观察，因为全身性测定仅仅是全身氧合情况的简单平均，此时一些重要组织可能严重缺氧，而其他组织则存在氧供剩余。在局部水平... 详细信息

２组织氧合的局部测定我们已经发现，在全身水平上未能显示组织氧供缺乏。我们现在需要对单一器官和组织进行观察，因为全身性测定仅仅是全身氧合情况的简单平均，此时一些重要组织可能严重缺氧，而其他组织则存在氧供剩余。在局部水平，由于组成器官的细胞死亡或功能不全...

关键词：全身性感染组织氧合动物实验人体研究

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modeling the dose-response rate/associations between VO2max and self-reported Physical Activity Questionnaire in children and adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 90-95页

作者： Alan m.Nevill michael J.Duncan gavin Sandercock Faculty of Education Health and WellbeingUniversity of WolverhamptonWalsall CampusWalsallWS13BDUK Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Coventry UniversityCoventryCV15FBUK School of Biological Sciences University of EssexColchesterCO43SQUK

Background'. This study sought to explore the dose—response rate/association between aerobic fitness (VC)2max) and self-reported physical activity(PA) and to assess whether this association varies by sex, age, and weight ***. VO2max was assessed using the 20・m shuttle・run test. PA was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ) for Adolescents(aged > 11 years, PAQ-A) or for Children (aged meters of PAQ and PAQ2 tovary with the categorical variables sex, age group, and weight ***: ANCOVA identified a curvilinear association between VO2max and PAQ, with positive linear PAQ terms that varied for both sex andweight status but with a negative PAQ2 term of —0.39 (95% confidence interval (CI): —0.57 to —0.21) that was common for all groups in regardto age, sex, and weight status. These curvilinear (inverted U) associations suggest that the benefits of increasing PA (same dose) on VO2max isgreater when children report lower levels of PA compared to children who report higher levels of PA. These dose-response rates were alsosteeper for boys and were steeper for lean children compared to overweight/obese ***'. Health practitioners should be aware that encouraging greater PA (same dose) in inactive and underweight children will result ingreater gains in V02max (response) compared with their active and overweight/obese counterparts.

关键词： Aerobic fitness Curvilinear association Sex Slope parameters Weight status

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Effect of impeller design on homogeneity, size and strength of pharmaceutical granules produced by high-shear wet granulation

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Particuology 2015年第6期13卷 31-39页

作者： Zakaria mirza Jiangtao Liu Yoann Glocheux Ahmad B. Albadarin gavin m. Walker Chirangano mangwandi School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT9 SAG Northern Ireland UK Synthesis & Solid State Pharmaceuticals Center (SSPC) Department of Chemical and Environmental Science. University of Limerick Ireland

Small mixer impeller design is not tailored for granulation because impellers are intended for a wide range of processes. The aim of this research was to evaluate the performances of several impellers to provide guidance on the selection and design for the purposes of granulation. Lactose granules were produced using wet granulation with water as a binder. A Kenwood Km070 mixer was used as a standard apparatus and five impeller designs with different shapes and surface areas were used. The efficacy of granulate for- mation was measured by adding an optically sensitive tracer to determine variations in active ingredient content across random samples of granules from the same size classes. It was found that impeller design influenced the homogeneity of the granules and therefore can affect final product performance. The vari- ation in active ingredient content across granules of differing size was also investigated. The results show that small granules were more potent than larger granules,

关键词： Granule strength Impeller design Homogeneity High-shear granulation Lactose monohydrate

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~, novel approach for removal of an inflatable penile ;~rosthesis reservoir using laparoscopic instruments

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第1期19卷 132-134页

作者： Angie L Staller Courtney m Chang gavin N Wagenheim Run Wang Division of Urology University of Texas McGovern Medical School Houston Texas 77030USA Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTexas 77030 USA.

In the setting of an infected inflatable penile prosthesis （IPP）, removal of the reservoir is a surgical challenge. We describe a novel technique for IPP reservoir removal at the time of IPP explantation utilizing laparoscopic instruments. We present two cases of infected IPPs requiring complete removal of all components of the implant. The corporal cylinders and scrotal pump were removed via a single penoscrotal incision.

关键词： infected inflatable penile

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The role of rumen epithelial urea transport proteins in urea nitrogen salvage:A review

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 304-313页

作者： Chongliang Zhong Ruijun Long gavin S.Stewart College of Ecology State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystemsLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina School of Biology and Environmental Science University College DublinDublinIreland

The symbiotic relationship between the host and the rumen microbiome plays a crucial role in ruminant *** of the most important processes enabling this relationship is urea nitrogen salvaging(UNS).This process is important for both maintaining ruminant nitrogen balance and supporting production of their major energy supply,bacterially-derived short chain fatty acids(SCFA).The key step in UNS is the trans-epithelial movement of urea across the ruminal wall and this is a highly regulated *** the molecular level,the key transport route is via the facilitative urea transporter-B2,localized to ruminal papillae epithelial *** urea transport through aquaporins(AQP),such as AQP3,is now also viewed as ***-term regulation of these ruminal urea transport proteins appears to mainly involve dietary fermentable carbohydrates;whereas,transepithelial urea transport is finely regulated by local conditions,such as CO_(2) levels,pH and SCFA *** the key principles of ruminal urea transport physiology are now understood,there remains much that is unknown regarding the regulatory *** reason for this is the limited number of techniques currently used in many studies in the ***,future research in this area that combines a greater range of techniques could facilitate improvements to livestock efficiency,and potentially,reductions in the levels of waste nitrogen entering the environment.

关键词： Urea nitrogen salvaging Rumen Urea transporter Aquaporin UT-B AQP

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modeling chemical releases from building materials: The search for extended validity domain and parsimony

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Building Simulation 2021年第4期14卷 1277-1293页

作者： Lei Huang Alice micolier Henri P.gavin Olivier Jolliet Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA I2m CNRSUMR 5295351 Cours de la LibérationUniversity of Bordeaux33400TalenceFrance Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Duke UniversityDurhanNCUSA

This study aims to systematically evaluate and extend the validity domains of multiple mechanistic models of chemical emissions from building materials. We compare the validity domain of the analytical solution with four numerical solutions for a single layer material with one convective surface and a wide range of chemical properties, material thicknesses, and simulation time. We also develop a parsimonious simplified model, ensuring the widest possible validity domain with minimum simulation time. For diffusion coefficients lower than 10−15 m^(2)/s, accuracy of the analytical solution requires at least 5000 positive roots. The numerical method using uneven discretization and finite difference approximation for the boundary conditions is the best numerical solution. The parsimonious combined D- and K-limited model achieves similar accuracy as the best numerical solution except slight overestimates at the interface between the D- and K-limited zones, while having simpler computations and much shorter simulation time. These models show good agreement against experimental data. This study demonstrates that the complex analytical solution can be well approximated by a simpler model with a wide validity domain, enabling the high-throughput screenings of a large number of chemical-product combinations.

关键词： emission models building materials organic chemicals analytical solution numerical and simplified solutions high-throughput assessment

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