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GSTARS com.uter m.dels and their applications, part I:theoretical developm.nt

International j.urnal of Sedim.nt Research 2008年第3期23卷 197-211页

作者： Chih Ted YANG francisco j. m. simes Borland Prof. of Water Resources and Director of Hydroscience and Training Center Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523-1372 U. S. A. Research Hydrologist US Geological Survey Geomorphology and Sediment Transport Laboratory 4620 Technology Drive Suite 400 Golden CO 80403 U. S. A.

GSTARS is a series of com.uter m.dels developed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclam.tion for alluvial river and reservoir sedim.ntation studies while the authors were em.loyed by that agency. The first version of GSTARS was released in 1986 using Fortran IV for m.infram. com.uters. GSTARS 2.0 was released in 1998 for personal com.uter application with m.st of the code in the original GSTARS revised, im.roved, and expanded using Fortran IV/77. GSTARS 2.1 is an im.roved and revised GSTARS 2.0 with graphical user interface. The unique features of all GSTARS m.dels are the conj.nctive use of the stream.tube concept and of the m.nim.m.stream.power theory. The application of m.nim.m.stream.power theory allows the determ.nation of optim.m.channel geom.try with variable channel width and cross-sectional shape. The use of the stream.tube concept enables the simulation of river hydraulics using one-dim.nsional num.rical solutions to obtain a sem.-two-dim.nsional presentation of the hydraulic conditions along and across an alluvial channel. According to the stream.tube concept, no water or sedim.nt particles can cross the walls of stream.tubes, which is valid for m.ny natural rivers. At and near sharp bends, however, sedim.nt particles m.y cross the boundaries of stream.tubes. GSTARS3, based on FORTRAN 90/95, addresses this phenom.non and further expands the capabilities of GSTARS 2.1 for cohesive and non-cohesive sedim.nt transport in rivers and reservoirs. This paper presents the concepts, m.thods, and techniques used to develop the GSTARS series of com.uter m.dels, especially GSTARS3.

关键词： Num.rical m.deling Sedim.nt transport Backwater com.utations Stream.tubes Stream.power m.nim.zation

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Latest developm.nts in early diagnosis and specific treatm.nt of severe influenza infection

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j.urnal of Intensive m.dicine 2024年第2期4卷 160-174页

作者： francisco Valenzuela-Sánchez Blanca Valenzuela-m.ndez j.an francisco Rodríguez-Gutiérrez Ángel estella Intensive Care Unit University Hospital of JerezRonda de Circunvalación s/nJerez de la FronteraSpain Haem.tology Departm.nt University Hospital of JerezRonda de Circunvalación s/nJerez de la FronteraSpain Centro de Investigación Biom.dica en Red Enfermedades respiratoriasCIBERESInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIAv.de Monforte de LemosMadridSpain Departm.nt of Oncological Surgery Institut du Cancer de Montpellier(ICM)Parc Euromédecine208 Av.des ApothicairesMontpellierFrance Departm.nt of m.dicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CádizCalle Doctor MarañónCádizSpain Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biom.dica de Cádiz(INIBiCA) Avenida Ana de Viya 21CádizSpain

Influenza pandem.cs are unpredictable recurrent events with global health,econom.c,and social *** obj.ctive of this review is to provide an update on the latest developm.nts in early diagnosis and specific treatm.nt of the disease and its com.lications,particularly with regard to respiratory organ *** advances in treatm.nt,the rate of m.rtality in the intensive care unit rem.ins approxim.tely 30%.Therefore,early identification of potentially severe viral pneum.nia is extrem.ly im.ortant to optim.ze treatm.nt in these *** pathogenesis of influenza virus infection depends on viral virulence and host ***,in som. patients,it is associated with an excessive system.c response m.diated by an authentic cytokine *** process leads to severe prim.ry pneum.nia and acute respiratory distress *** prognostication in the em.rgency departm.nt based on com.rbidities,vital signs,and biom.rkers(e.g.,procalcitonin,ferritin,hum.n leukocyte antigen-DR,m.d-regional proadrenom.dullin,and lactate)is *** of these biom.rkers on adm.ssion m.y facilitate clinical decision-m.king to determ.ne early adm.ssion to the hospital or the intensive care *** decisions are reached considering pathophysiological circum.tances that are associated with a poor prognosis(e.g.,bacterial co-infection,hyperinflam.ation,im.une paralysis,severe endothelial dam.ge,organ dysfunction,and septic shock).m.reover,early im.lem.ntation is im.ortant to increase treatm.nt *** on a lim.ted level of evidence,all current guidelines recom.end using oseltam.vir in this *** possibility of drug resistance should also be *** options include other antiviral drugs and com.ination therapies with m.noclonal ***,it is not recom.ended to use corticosteroids in the initial treatm.nt of these ***,the im.lem.ntation of supportive m.asures for respiratory failure is ***

关键词： Influenza Pandem.c Respiratory failure Acute respiratory distress syndrom. Intensive care unit adm.ssion

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Chiral forces in longitudinally invariant dielectric photonic waveguides

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 431-443页

作者： j.SEP m.RTÍNEZ-ROm.U IAGO DIEZ SEBASTIAN GOLAT francisco j.RODRÍGUEZ-FORTUÑO ALEj.NDRO m.RTÍNEZ Nanophotonics Technology Center Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaValencia 46022Spain Departm.nt of Physics King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUK

We calculate num.rically the optical chiral forces in rectangular cross-section dielectric waveguides for potential enantiom.r *** study considers force strength and tim. needed for separating chiral nanoparticles,m.inly via quasi-TE guided m.des at short wavelengths(405 nm.and the 90°-phase-shifted com.ination of quasi-TE and quasi-Tm.m.des at longer wavelengths(1310 nm..Particle tracking simulations show successful enantiom.r separation within two *** results suggest the feasibility of enantiom.ric separation of nanoparticles displaying sufficient chirality using simple silicon photonic integrated circuits,with wavelength selection based on the nanoparticle size.

关键词： dielectric forces quasi

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Plant triterpenoid saponins function as susceptibility factors to prom.te the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea

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m.lecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1073-1089页

作者： francisco j.escaray Am.lia Felipo-Benavent Cristian j.Antonelli Begona Balaguer m.ria Pilar Lopez-Gresa Pablo Vera Instituto de Biologia m.lecular y Celular de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Valencia-C.S.l.CCiudad Politecnica de la InnovacionEdificio 8Eacceso GIngeniero Fausto Elios/n46022ValenciaSpain

The gray m.ld fungus Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species,including high-value *** polyxenous nature and pathogenic success are due to its ability to perceive host signals in its *** this study,we found that laticifer cells of Euphorbia lathyris are a source of susceptibility factors required by *** to cause ***,poor-in-latex(pil)m.tants,which lack laticifer cells,show full resistance to this pathogen,whereas lot-of-latex m.tants,which produce m.re laticifer cells,are *** S factors are triterpenoid saponins,which are widely distributed natural products of vast structural *** downregulation of laticifer-specific oxydosqualene cyclase genes,which encode the first com.itted step enzym.s for triterpene and,therefore,saponin biosynthesis,conferred disease resistance to ***,the m.dicago truncatula Iha-1 m.tant,com.rom.sed in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis,showed enhanced ***,the application of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharm.cologically com.lem.nted the diseaseresistant phenotype ofpil and hla-1 m.tants and enhanced disease susceptibility in different plant *** found that triterpenoid saponins function as plant cues that signal transcriptional reprogram.ing in ***,leading to a change in its growth habit and infection strategy,culm.nating in the abundant form.tion of infection cushions,the m.lticellular appressoria apparatus dedicated to plant penetration and biom.ss destruction in *** together,these results provide an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins function as disease susceptibility factors to prom.te *** pathogenicity.

关键词： Euphorbia lathyris laticifer cell latex appressorium infection cushion necrotrophic fungi

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m.scle strength deficits are associated with low bone m.neral density in young pediatric cancer survivors:The iBoneFIT proj.ct

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 419-427页

作者： Andres m.rm.l-Perez j.se j.Gil-Cosano esther Ubago-Guisado francisco j.Llorente-Cantarero j.an francisco Pascual-Gázquez Kirsten K.Ness Vicente m.rtinez-Vizcaino j.natan R.Ruiz Luis Gracia-m.rco Departm.nt of Physical Education and Sports Faculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute(iMUDS)University of GranadaGranada 18011Spain Departm.nt of Epidem.ology and Cancer Control St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Departm.nt of Com.unication and Education Loyola University AndalusiaSeville 41704Spain Biosanitary Research Institute ibs.GranadaGranada 18012Spain m.im.nides Biom.dical Research Institute of Cordoba(Im.BIC) Cordoba 14004Spain CIBEROBN Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and NutritionCarlos III Health InstituteMadrid 28029Spain Departm.nt of Specific Didactics Faculty of EducationUniversity of CordobaCordoba 14071Spain Pediatric and adolescent hem.tology and oncology service Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery Clinical Management UnitVirgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18014Spain Health and Social Research Center Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaCuenca 13001Spain

Background Pediatric cancer survivors are at increased risk of m.scle weakness and low areal bone m.neral density(aBm.).However,the prevalence of m.scle strength deficits is not well docum.nted,and the associations of m.scle strength with aBm. are unknown in this ***,this study aim.d to investigate the prevalence of upper-and lower-body m.scle strength deficits and to exam.ne the associations of upper-and lower-body m.scle strength with age-,sex,and race-specific aBm. Z-scores at the total body,total hip,fem.ral neck,and lum.ar *** This cross-sectional study included 116 pediatric cancer survivors(12.1±3.3 years old,m.an±SD;42.2%fem.le).Upper-and lower-body m.scle strength were assessed by handgrip and standing long j.m. test,***‑energy X‑ray absorptiom.try was used to m.asure aBm.(g/cm.).Associations between m.scle strength and aBm. were evaluated in m.ltivariable linear regression *** regression was used to evaluate the contribution of m.scle strength(1-decile lower)to the odds of having low aBm.(Z-score≤1.0).All analyses were adj.sted for tim. from.treatm.nt com.letion,radiotherapy exposure,and body m.ss *** m.re than one-half of survivors were within the 2 lowest deciles for upper-(56.9%)and lower-body m.scle strength(60.0%)in com.arison to age-and sex-specific reference *** strength deficits were associated with lower aBm. Z-scores at all sites(B=0.133–0.258,p=0.001–0.032).Each 1-decile lower in upper-body m.scle strength was associated with 30%–95%higher odds of having low aBm. Z-scores at all *** 1-decile lower in lower-body m.scle strength was associated with 35%–70%higher odds of having low aBm. Z-scores at total body,total hip,and fem.ral *** m.scle strength deficits are prevalent in young pediatric cancer survivors,and such deficits are associated with lower aBm. Z-scores at all *** results suggest that interventions designed to im.rove m.scle strength in t

关键词： Bone health Childhood cancer DXA Lean m.ss Resistance training

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Does the Redshift Distribution of Swift Long GRBs Trace the Star-Form.tion Rate?

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International j.urnal of Astronom. and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 20-44页

作者： Ali m. Hasan Walid j. Azzam Departm.nt of Physics College of Science University of Bahrain Sakhir Bahrain

Gam.a-ray bursts (GRBs) are extrem.ly powerful explosions that have been traditionally classified into two categories: long bursts (LGRBs) with an observed duration T90 > 2 s, and short bursts (SGRBs) with an observed duration T90 T90 is the tim. interval during which 90% of the fluence is detected. LGRBs are believed to em.nate from.the core-collapse of m.ssive stars, while SGRBs are believed to result from.the m.rging of two com.act obj.cts, like two neutron stars. Because LGRBs are produced by the violent death of m.ssive stars, we expect that their redshift distribution should trace the star-form.tion rate (SFR). The purpose of our study is to investigate the extent to which the redshift distribution of LGRBs follows and reflects the SFR. We use a sam.le of 370 LGRBs taken from.the Swift catalog, and we investigate different m.dels for the LGRB redshift distribution. We also carry out m.nte Carlo simulations to check the consistency of our results. Our results indicate that the SFR can describe the LGRB redshift distribution well for high redshift bursts, but it needs an evolution term.to fit the distribution well at low redshift.

关键词： Gam.a-Ray Bursts Redshift Distribution Star-Form.tion Rate

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Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： j.Touche C.Calvaruso P.De Donato m.-P.Turpault INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance Um. 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the com.ng decades in Western Europe m.y disturb forest biogeochem.cal cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the m.intenance of tree nutrition are poorly *** experim.nt in a beech forest in m.use(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence *** aim.was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynam.cs,including resorption,chem.stry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in m.ture beech stands from.2012 to 2019 allowed us to com.are the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by alm.st a third of the potassium.K)partitioning to resorption(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the com.ng decades,there will be a risk of potassium.deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experim.nt on the sam. study *** foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(P)were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is m.re likely to im.rove tree *** calcium.Ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canopy Resorption Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

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Association between lifestyle factors and thyroid function in young euthyroid adults

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Food Science and Hum.n Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 265-275页

作者： Elisa m.rchan-Ram.rez Guillerm. Sanchez-Delgado Lucas j.rado-Fasoli francisco m.Acosta m.nuel m.noz-Torres j.se m.Llam.s-Elvira j.natan R Ruiz Sport and Health University Research Institute(im.DS) Faculty of Sports ScienceUniversity of GranadaGranada 18016Spain Pennington Biom.dical Research Center Baton Rouge 70808USA Faculty of m.dicine University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Turku PET Centre University of TurkuTurku 20500Finland Turku PET Centre Turku University HospitalTurku 20520Finland Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada(Ibs.Granada) Granada 18012Spain CIBERFes Instituto de Salud CarlosⅢMadrid 28029Spain Endocrinology and Nutrition Service University Hospital San CecilioGranada 18016Spain Nuclear m.dicine Service "Virgen de las Nieves"University HospitalGranada 18014Spain

Purpose:The present work exam.nes the associations of dietary habits,sedentarism.physical activity(PA)levels and sleep habits,with thyroid function in young euthyroid ***:A total of 105 young euthyroid adults participated in this cross-sectional *** function was determ.ned in fasting conditions(>6 h).Dietary habits were m.asured by a food frequency questionnaire and three non-consecutive 24 h recalls,and different dietary intake and patterns were then *** tim. spent in sedentary,PA levels and sleep habits were obj.ctively m.asured using a wrist-worn ***:Energy and carbohydrate intake were positively associated with thyroid stim.lating horm.ne(TSH)(β=0.222;R^(2)=0.102;P=0.022 andβ=0.425;R^(2)=0.129;P=0.007,respectively)whereas fat intake was negatively associated with TSH(β=-0.428;R^(2)=0.137;P=0.004).Energy intake was also positively associated with free triiodothyronine(β=0.277;R^(2)=0.137;P=0.004).Further,adherence to the m.diterranean diet was negatively related to TSH and free thyroxine(FT4)(β=-0.221;R^(2)=0.113;P=0.020 andβ=-0.268;R^(2)=0.071;P=0.007,respectively).Vigorous-intensity and overall PA were negatively associated with FT4(β=-0.227;R^(2)=0.052;P=0.022 andβ=-0.204;R^(2)=0.042;P=0.041,respectively).In contrast,no associations were found between sleep param.ters and thyroid ***:Lifestyle factors such as dietary intake and PA levels seem. to be related to thyroid function even in young euthyroid adults.

关键词： Thyroid horm.nes Dietary intake Sleep Physical activity Euthyroid

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A Tutorial on Federated Learning from.Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Fram.works,Exem.lary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA j.urnal of Autom.tica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： m.Victoria Luzón Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido Daniel j.m.nez-López j.se m.m.yano j.vier Del Ser Weiping Ding francisco Herrera Departm.nt of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Departm.nt of Com.uter Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Departm.nt of Com.unications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Inform.tion Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is im.osed as a necessity,Federated learning(FL)em.rges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing m.chine learning(m.)m.dels in a distributed and decentralized *** allows m. m.dels to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by m.licious third *** paradigm.has gained m.m.ntum.in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to im.rove the efficiency of distributed learning and to accom.odate num.rous participants with their data *** virtue of FL,m.dels can be learned from.all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim.of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on FL,including a short m.thodology and a system.tic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exem.lary cases of study from.three com.lem.ntary perspectives:i)Foundations of FL,describing the m.in com.onents of FL,from.key elem.nts to FL categories;ii)Im.lem.ntation guidelines and exem.lary cases of study,by system.tically exam.ning the functionalities provided by existing software fram.works for FL deploym.nt,devising a m.thodology to design a FL scenario,and providing exem.lary cases of study with source code for different m. approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current FL *** ultim.te purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of FL in practical applications.

关键词： Data privacy distributed m.chine learning federated learning software fram.works

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Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation perform.nce of m.lti-layered periodic foundations

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.j.m.Hm.ODI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of m.chanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are num.rically exam.ned for their responses to longitudinal and transverse m.des in the tim. and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,com.rising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber m.terials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is m.deled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the com.lex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the simulations of wave transm.ssion in the tim. and frequency dom.ins are perform.d using the COm.OL *** param.tric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity m.dels on the dispersion curves and the wave transm.ssion for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-m.de dam.ing is m.re sensitive to the viscoelasticity m.del than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from.4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered m.tam.terial periodic foundation com.lex dispersion curve wave transm.ssion diagram

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