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Formation,stabilization and chemical demulsification of crude oil-in-water emulsions:A review

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Petroleum Research 2022年第4期7卷 459-472页

作者： Edith Yonguep Kashala fabrice Kapiamba Katende Jonathan Kabamba Mahabubur Chowdhury Department of Chemical Engineering Cape Peninsula University of TechnologySymphony WayPO Box 1906Bellville7535Cape TownSouth Africa Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental EngineeringMissouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO65401USA

The crude oil recovery process is frequently associated with the formation of stable emulsions due to factors such as turbulent flow in pipelines and the presence of surface-active substances that naturally occur in crude *** emulsions are undesirable for the petroleum industry because their destruction/treatment adds to the overall production cost and causes the loss of valuable amounts of crude ***,it is essential,for economic and environmental reasons,to optimize the crude oil demulsification *** effective treatment of crude oil emulsions requires understanding of the process and factors leading to their formation and *** this sense,suitable treatment methods and possible preventive measures to avoid their formation can be *** present study reviews recent oilfield emulsion types and the factors responsible for their formation and *** different demulsification techniques employed were then extensively *** tech-niques include mechanical,thermal,electrical,and chemical methods with different demulsification mechanisms affected by many factors such as emulsions type and properties,demulsifiers characteris-tics,presence of solids stabilized emulsions,*** demulsification efficiency depends on the operating parameters of the process,the economics involved,and the environmental impact,which are the main factors considered in selecting a suitable demulsification *** research on the demulsifi-cation of crude oil emulsions should focus on real crude oil emulsions studies at a pilot scale level,the effect of aging on crude oil emulsions,the combination of multiple demulsification techniques and their synergistic effects,and the use of natural,ecofriendly demulsifiers.

关键词： Crude oil Enhanced oil recovery Emulsions Stabilization Demulsification Surfactants Demulsifiers Coalescence

Challenges Facing the Effective Implementation of the XGest Project in Gabon:A Case Sudy

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Challenges Facing the Effective Implementation of the XGest ...

作者： Gnoundou Alfred fabrice 浙江师范大学

学位级别：硕士

This research study aimed at exploring the challenges encountered by teachers that impede the systematic implementation of the XGest project via the XGest application across public secondary education in some selected schools in Libreville *** study was guided by the following research objectives:to identify:the achievements done so far across Gabonese secondary education since the implementation of XGest project,to determine the main challenges faced by the teachers across the public secondary schools since the implementation of the project and to find out Some policy actions that need to be taken at national,sectorial and local levels in order to solve the challenges encountered by teachers that impede the systematic implementation of the XGest project across public secondary education in GabonThe researcher used qualitative research design,which was estimated appropriate for him to meet the main purpose of this *** two selected public secondary schools of Libreville were targeted and were mainly the focus of this *** convenience and purposeful sampling techniques were *** categories of respondents were subjected to *** were groups of Ministry of Education Officials and School principals,classroom teachers and parents whose children were schooling in those selected public secondary *** total sample of this research was composed of 20 teachers（10 from each school）,10 school principals and ministry of education officials and 10 parents representing a total of 40 *** research instruments were used in collecting data,namely:a Document Analysis Guide,questionnaire guide and *** were transcribed,summarized,categorized and interpreted *** from participants and data which were obtained from diverse documents were *** and patterns in the responses were ***,direct quotations,interpretive reports as well as excerpts were written down to depict the situ

关键词： Public Secondary Schools Libreville XGest application XGest project Teachers Gabon

Honey Dressing of Cutaneous Wounds on Limbs in the Traumatology Orthopaedics Department of Bouaké University Hospital

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第9期14卷 411-420页

作者： Achié Jean-Régis Akobe Aya Adélaide Natacha Kouassi Ibrahim Soumahoro Zolopégué Marcel Soro Sedy Louess De Randolphe Akpro Bakary Traoré Almamy Kamate Axel fabrice Essehin Yao Aboh Ganyn Robert Arnaud Assere Lanciné Kaba Kouamé Innocent M’bra Loukou Blaise Yao Bada Justin Léopold Niaoré Sery Koffi Léopold Krah Michel Kodo Orthopaedics-Traumatology Department of the University Hospital of Bouak Bouak Ivory Coast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of the University Hospital of Bouak Bouak Ivory Coast

The study evaluated the effectiveness of honey dressings in healing recent skin wounds with soft tissue loss on limbs. Conducted over a year with 60 patients, results showed a significant reduction in wound size and early healing, with complete recovery on average within 29 days. The study supports honey as a viable wound treatment.

关键词： Healing Honey Limbs Loss of Substances

Peripheral nerve regeneration and intraneural revascularization

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 24-33页

作者： Martial Caillaud Laurence Richard Jean-Michel Vallat Alexis Desmoulière fabrice Billet University of Limoges Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy University Hospital of Limoges Department of Neurology "Reference Center for Rare Peripheral Neuropathies" Department of Neurology

Peripheral nerves are particularly vulnerable to injuries and are involved in numerous pathologies for which specific treatments are lacking. This review summarizes the pathophysiological features of the most common traumatic nerve injury in humans and the different animal models used in nerve regeneration studies. ~Ihe current knowledge concerning Wallerian degeneration and nerve regrowth is then described. Finally, the involvement of intraneural vascularization in these processes is addressed. As intraneural vascularization has been poorly studied, histological experiments were carried out from rat sciatic nerves damaged by a glycerol injection. The results, taken together with the data from literature, suggest that revascularization plays an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration and must therefore be studied more carefully.

关键词： compression crush transection Sunderland's classification Wallerian degeneration angiogenesis traumatic glycerol

Monolithic crystalline silicon solar cells with SiN_x layers doped with Tb^(3+) and Yb^(3+) rare-earth ions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第5期37卷 515-519页

作者： Ing-Song Yu Shao-Chun Wu Lucile Dumont Julien Cardin Christophe Labbé fabrice Gourbilleau Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Dong Hwa University CIMAP CNRS/CEA/ENSICAEN/Université de Caen Normandie

In this study, we propose the fabrication of monolithic crystalline silicon solar cells with Tb^(3+) and Yb^(3+)-doped silicon nitride(SiN_x) layers by low-cost screen-printing methods. The performances of c-Si solar cells can be enhanced by rare-earth ions doped SiN_x layers via the mechanism of spectrum *** SiN_x doped and codoped thin films were deposited by reactive magnetron co-sputtering and integrated as the antireflection coating layers in c-Si solar cells. The characterizations of SiN_x, SiN_x:Tb^(3+) tand SiN_x:Tb^(3+)-Yb^(3+) thin films were conducted by means of photoluminescence, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, Ellipsometry spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared measurements. Their composition and refractive index was optimized to obtain good anti-reflection coating layer for c-Si solar *** electron microscopy performs the uniform coatings on the textured emitter of c-Si solar cells. After the metallization process, we demonstrate monolithic c-Si solar cells with spectrum conversion layers, which lead to a relative increase by 1.34% in the conversion efficiency.

关键词： Crystalline silicon solar cell Spectrum conversion Silicon nitride Down-shifting Rare-earth ion Anti-reflection coating

Application of BIM Technology in Structure Contruction Project in Ivory Coast

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Application of BIM Technology in Structure Contruction Proje...

作者： TCHOTCHE MELEDJE ALAIN fabrice 绍兴文理学院

学位级别：硕士

Building Information Modeling “BIM” is becoming a better known established collaboration process in the construction *** are increasingly requiring BIM services from construction managers,architects and engineering *** firms are now investing in “BIM” technologies during bidding,preconstruction,construction and post *** efficiency and effectiveness of this technology is not well known in Ivorian Construction industry and Africa in *** question is how to apply BIM technology in structure project in Ivory Coast? In order to improve its construction management and projects delivery system in the architecture,engineering,construction,and facility management industry in Ivory Coast,country located in the west part of *** thesis ascertains some problems related to construction management and operational process such as lack of good collaboration between project teams,lack of analysis on energy usage on building projects,deficiencies in project scheduling and time management,non-function maintenance culture on constructed buildings,ineffective mechanism for costs control,technological deficiencies,projects delays in construction,*** project will permit to identify the currentuses of BIM such as architectural / engineering / construction / facility management industry to better understand how the BIM-based “build to design” and “design to build”concepts can be used by construction managers under the Construction Management at risk project delivery *** this research we will explore BIM concept and the successful stories in differents developed countries in the world such as Scandinavian,United ***,highlighting the initial problem statement that ignites the desire to find appropriate solutions to improve organization and operational management system for the new construction market in Ivory *** findings of this research recommendations will be implemented in the Ivorian construction in

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Surface oxidation of Ni-cermet electrodes by CO_(2) and H_(2)O and how to moderate it

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 300-308页

作者： Dingkai Chen Mathias Barreau Thierry Dintzer Sylwia Turczyniak-Surdacka fabrice Bournel Jean-Jacques Gallet Spyridon Zafeiratos Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie l’Environnement et la SantéUMR 7515 CNRS-UdS25 Rue Becquerel67087 StrasbourgFrance Faculty of Chemistry Biological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of WarsawŻwirki i Wigury 10102-089 WarsawPoland Faculty of Chemistry University of WarsawPasteura 102-093Poland Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement Sorbonne UniversitéCampus CurieCNRS UMR 76144 place Jussieu75005 ParisFrance Synchrotron SOLEIL L’orme des MerisiersB.P.48Saint AubinGif-sur-Yvette Cedex 91192France

The oxidation of porous Ni-yttria-stabilized zirconia(YSZ)and Ni-gadolinia-doped ceria(GDC)ceramicmetal(cermet)electrodes in H_(2)O and CO_(2)atmospheres was studied by near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(NAP-XPS).We show that the oxidation of nickel by the two gases is not similar,as is commonly believed,but it depends on the ceramic *** is vulnerable to oxidation in H_(2)O but it resists to CO_(2)in Ni-GDC,as compared to the Ni-YSZ *** by this observation we conceptualize and fabricate Ni-YSZ electrodes modified by ceria nanoparticles,which show significantly higher resistance to CO_(2)oxidation as compared with conventional Ni-YSZ *** preparation of tailormade cermet electrodes with identical bulk/mechanical characteristics but very different surface properties offers a promising fabrication strategy for high-performance and durability solid oxide electrolysis cells for CO_(2)conversion.

关键词： NAP-XPS CO_(2)electrolysis Nickel oxidation Solid oxide cells Ceria nanoparticles

Two-dimensional modeling of fine sediment transport with mixed sediment and consolidation: Application to the Gironde Estuary,France

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第6期36卷 736-746页

作者： Sylvain Orseau Nicolas Huybrechts Pablo Tassi Damien Pham Van Bang fabrice Klein Cerema Direction Technique Eau Mer et Fleuves Sorbonne Universités Université de Technologie de Compiégne CNRSFRE2012 RobervalCentre de Recherche Royallieu Electricité de France R&D Department Laboratoire d'Hydraulique Saint Venant (ENPC-EDF/R&D-CEREMA) 5. Centre Eau Terre et Environnement INRS-ETE 6. Grand Port Maritime de Bordeaux

In order to optimize ship navigation in the macrotidal Gironde Estuary, a recent project funded by the port of Bordeaux aims at better understand and forecast hydrodynamic and fine sediment transport within the estuary. In the framework of this project, a two-dimensional hydro-sedimentary model is built. The model includes hydrodynamic forcings, mixed-sediment transport, and consolidation processes. The harmonic analysis of the astronomical tides reveals a strong distortion of the tidal wave inducing the growth of overtide constituents and the non-significant effect of tide-surge interactions in annual-scale prediction. Depending on hydrological conditions, river discharge can considerably alter the model accuracy due to the migration of the turbidity maximum zone modifying the bottom *** with measurements shows the ability of the model to reproduce suspended-sediment concentrations in the central Estuary. Sensitivity of the model to sediment features has also been discussed in regard of suspended-sediment concentrations and fluid mud deposits. The model will be further coupled with ship squat predictions and a morphodynamic model.

关键词： Sediment transport Numerical modeling Mixed sediment Gironde Estuary Opentelemac

Experimental manipulation of reproductive tactics in Seba’s short-tailed bats:consequences on sperm quality and oxidative status

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Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 609-616页

作者： Magali MENIRI Florence GOHON Ophelie GNING Gaetan GLAUSER Armelle VALLAT Nicolas JFASEL fabrice HELFENSTEIN Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecophysiology Institute of BiologyUniversity of NeuchatelSwitzerland Neuchatel Platform of Analytical Chemistry University of NeuchatelSwitzerland Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Germany

To reproduce,males have to fertilize the female’s eggs,sometimes in competition with ejaculates of other *** species where males display alternative reproductive tactics,whereby territorial males secure mating and non-territorial males have to sneak copulations,the latter might be expected to invest relatively more resources towards sperm quality compared with the territorial *** cells are especially vulnerable to oxidative stress,which reduces male ***,antioxidant resources are expected to modulate sperm quality,and might be allocated differently between reproductive *** test the link between reproductive tactics,redox profile and sperm quality,we experimentally induced changes in the reproductive tactics of 39 captive males Seba's short-tailed bats Carollia *** monitored the blood and ejaculate oxidative balance,and the sperm quality before,7 days and 21 days after the manipulation of reproductive *** ejaculates'oxidative damage was negatively related to sperm velocity,males exhibited similar blood and ejaculates redox profiles and similar sperm quality,regardless of their reproductive ***,these results arise as a consequence of some constraints having been lifted during the *** results also suggest that,in Seba's short-tailed bats,the expression of alternative reproductive tactics is not subjected to strong oxidative ***,our results could reflect an absence of trade-off between pre-and post-copulatory traits in harem males,as they could be selected to invest both in female attraction and sperm quality,as a consequence of their inability to fully monopolize females.

关键词： oxidative stress sperm competition alternative reproductive tactics Carollia perspicillata