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On.the Observable Tran.ition.to Livin. Matter

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Gen.mics, Proteomics & Bioin.ormatics 2011年第1期9卷 7-14页

作者： Saman.a Pin. edward n. trifonov Ern.sto Di Mauro Charles Darwin.Departmen. of Biology an. Biotechn.logy Sapienza University of Roma Roma 00185 Italy Gen.me Diversity Cen.er Institute of Evolution University of Haifa Haifa 31905 Israel Division.of Fun.tion.l Gen.mics an. Proteomics Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno 61137 Czech Republic

In.recen. developmen.s in.chemistry an. gen.tic en.in.erin., the humble researcher dealin. with the origin.of life fin.s her（him）self in.a grey area of tacklin. somethin. that even.does n.t yet have a clear defin.tion.agreed upon. A series of chemical steps is described to be con.idered as the life-n.n.ife tran.ition. if on. adheres to the min.malistic defin.tion. life is self-reproduction.with variation.. The fully artificial Rn. system chosen.for the exploration.correspon.s sequen.e-wise to the recon.tructed in.tial triplet repeats, presumably correspon.in. to the earliest protein.codin. molecules. The demon.trated occurren.e of the mismatches （variation.） in.otherwise complemen.ary syn.heses （＂self-reproduction.）, in.this Rn. system, open. an.experimen.al an. con.eptual perspective to explore the origin.of life （an. its defin.tion., on.the apparen. edge of the origin.

关键词： triplet code origin.of life defin.tion.of life life-n.n.ife tran.ition

Hazards from lakes an. reservoirs: n.w in.erpretation.of the Vaion. disaster

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Journ.l of Moun.ain.Scien.e 2022年第6期19卷 1717-1737页

作者： Alan.P.DYKES edward n.BROMHEAD Cen.re for En.in.erin. Environment and Society ResearchSchool of Engineering and the EnvironmentKingston UniversityPenrhyn RoadKingston upon ThamesKTi 2EEUK

Hazards in.reservoirs an. lakes arisin. from subaerial lan.slides causin. impact waves(or ‘lake tsun.mis’) are n.w well kn.wn. with several recen. examples havin. been.in.estigated in.detail. The poten.ial scale of such hazards was n.t widely kn.wn.at the time of the Vaion. dam project in.the 1950s an. early 1960s, although a small wave triggered by a lan.slide at an.ther n.w reservoir n.arby in.the Dolomites(n.rthern.Italy) drew the possible hazard to the atten.ion.of the Vaion. project’s man.gers. The Vaion. disaster in.1963 arose from a combin.tion.of disparate an. seemin.ly un.elated factors an. circumstan.es that led to an.occurren.e that could n.t have been.imagin.d at that time. The ultimate cause was a very large lan.slide movin. very rapidly in.o a reservoir an. displacin. the water. The resultin. wave overtopped the dam to a height of aroun. 175 m an. aroun. 2000 people were killed. This paper iden.ifies an. examin.s all of the issues surroun.in. the Vaion. dam an. lan.slide in.order to iden.ify causal factors, con.ributory factors(in.ludin. aggravatin. factors) an. un.erlyin. factors. In.doin. so, it demon.trates that the disaster arose from the Vaion. dam project an. can.ot be attributed simply to the lan.slide. Un.erlyin. geological factors gave rise to the high speed of the lan.slide, which would have occurred an.way at some time. However, without the con.ributory factors that accoun. for the presen.e of the reservoir, i.e. the choice of location.for the project an. man.gemen. of the project with respect to a possible lan.slide hazard, there would have been.n. disaster. In.eed, the disaster could have been.avoided if the reservoir could have been.emptied pen.in. further groun. in.estigation.. Un.erstan.in. of this case provides man. lesson. for future dam projects in.moun.ain.us location. but also highlights an.on.oin. an. perhaps un.er-appreciated risk from similar even.s in.olvin. other water bodies in.ludin. geologically recen. lakes formed behin. n

关键词： Vaion. lan.slide Impulse wave Lake tsun.mi Dam project Causal factors for disaster

Gian. ultrafast dichroism an. birefrin.en.e with active n.n.ocal metasurfaces

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Light(Scien.e & Application.) 2024年第10期13卷 2240-2250页

作者： Giulia Crotti Mert Akturk An.rea Schirato Vin.en. Vin.l An.on.A.trifonov Ivan.C.Buchvarov Dragomir n.n.shev Remo Proietti Zaccaria Paolo Laporta Aristide Lemaître Giuseppe Leo Giulio Cerullo Margherita Maiuri Giuseppe Della Valle Departmen. of Physics Politecnico di Milano20133 MilanoItaly Istituto Italian. di Tecn.logia 16163 GenovaItaly Laboratoire Matériaux et Phén.mèn.s Quan.iques(MPQ) UniversitéParis Cité&CNRS75013 ParisFrance John.Atan.soff Cen.er for Bio an. n.n. Photon.cs(JAC Bn.) 1164 SofiaBulgaria Departmen. of Physics St.Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia5 James Bourchier Boulevard1164 SofiaBulgaria ARC Cen.re of Excellen.e for Tran.formative Meta-Optical Systems(TMOS) Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityActonACT 2601Australia. Cixi In.titute of Biomedical En.in.erin. Ningbo Institute of Industrial TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China. Istituto di Foton.ca e n.n.tecn.logie(IFn. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche20133 MilanoItaly. Un.versitéParis-Saclay CNRSCentre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies10 Boulevard Thomas Gobert91120 PalaiseauFrance In.titut Un.versitaire de Fran.e(IUF) ParisFrance

Switchin. of light polarization.on.the sub-picosecon. timescale is a crucial fun.tion.lity for application. in.a variety of con.exts,in.ludin. telecommun.cation.,biology an. *** ability to con.rol polarization.at ultrafast speed would pave the way for the developmen. of un.receden.ed free-space optical lin.s an. of n.vel techn.ques for probin. dyn.mical processes in.complex systems,as chiral *** high switchin. speeds can.on.y be reached with an.all-optical paradigm,i.e.,en.in.erin. active platforms capable of con.rollin. light polarization.via ultrashort laser *** we demon.trate gian. modulation.of dichroism an. birefrin.en.e in.an.all-dielectric metasurface,achieved at low fluen.es of the optical con.rol *** performan.e,which leverages the man. degrees of freedom offered by all-dielectric active metasurfaces,is obtain.d by combin.n. a high-quality factor n.n.ocal reson.n.e with the gian. third-order optical n.n.in.arity dictated by photogen.rated hot carriers at the semicon.uctor ban. edge.

关键词： dielectric surfaces n.n.in.arity

Two Poten. α3/5 Con.toxin. from Piscivorous Con.s achatin.s

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sin.ca 2007年第6期39卷 438-444页

作者： Geoffrey CHEW edward HAWROT Departmen. of Molecular Pharmacology Physiology an. Biotechn.logy Brown.Un.versity Providence Rhode Island 02903 USA

Every con. sn.il produces a mixture of differen. con.toxin. an. secretes them to immobilize their prey an. predators. α3/5 Con.toxin., isolated from fish-hun.in. con. sn.ils, target muscle n.cotin.c acetylcholin. receptors. The structure an. fun.tion.of α3/5 con.toxin.from the piscivorous Con.s achatin.s have n.t been.studied. We syn.hesized two pen.adecamer peptides, Ac 1.1 a an. Ac 1.1 b, with appropriate disulfide bon.in., based on.cDn. sequen.es of α3/5 con.toxin. from C. achatin.s. Ac 1.1 a an. Ac 1.1 b differ by on.y on. amin. acid residue. They have similar poten.y on.blockin. recombin.n. mouse muscle acetylcholin. receptor expressed in.Xen.pus laevis oocytes, with IC50values of 36 n. an. 26 n., respectively. For Ac 1.1b, deletion.of the first three n.termin.l amin. acids did n.t chan.e its activity, in.icatin. that the n.ermin.s is n.t in.olved in.the in.eraction.with its receptor. Furthermore, our experimen.s in.icate that both toxin. stron.ly prefer the α1-δ subun.t in.erface in.tead of the α1-γ bin.in. site on.the mouse muscle n.cotin.c acetylcholin. receptor. These peptides provide addition.l tools for the study of the structure an. fun.tion.of n.cotin.c receptor.

关键词： con. sn.il α3/5 con.toxin disulfide bon. n.cotin.c acetylcholin. receptor

Broad bean.cultivars in.rease extrafloral n.ctary n.mbers, but n.t extrafloral n.ctar, in.respon.e to leaf damage

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Open.Journ.l of Ecology 2013年第1期3卷 59-65页

作者： edward B. Mon.or Carl n. Keiser Dustin.E. Pen.arvis Morgan.n. Vaughn Departmen. of Biology Georgia Southern University Statesboro USA

Phen.typic plasticity allows organ.sms to maximize fitn.ss, by optimizin. the expression.of costly defen.ive traits. Broad bean. Vicia faba L. “Broad Win.sor”, produces in.reased n.mbers of extrafloral n.ctaries (EFn.) in.respon.e to leaf damage to attract mutualistic partn.rs an. reduce herbivory. It is curren.ly un.n.wn. however, whether EFn.in.uction.is cultivar-specific or is a more gen.ral phen.men.n. It has also n.t been.determin.d whether broad bean. in.rease n.ctar secretion.rates in.con.un.tion.with EFn.in.uction. We hypothesized that: a) as all broad bean. have con.picuous EFn., all cultivars should produce addition.l EFn. in.respon.e to leaf damage, an. b) overall n.ctar secretion.rates should in.rease with EFn.n.mbers, to attract addition.l mutualists. We tested our hypothesis by subjectin. three broad bean.cultivars, Vicia faba L. “Broad Win.sor”, “Stereo”, an. “Witkiem” to mechan.cal leaf damage. The degree of chan.e in.plan. traits associated with growth, in.addition.to EFn.in.uction. was assessed 1 week after leaf damage. Extrafloral n.ctar volumes were also assessed, every 24 hours, pre- an. post-leaf damage. We con.irmed our first, but rejected our secon., hypothesis. All cultivars produced addition.l EFn., but n.n. in.reased extrafloral n.ctar volumes, when.experien.in. leaf damage. Further experimen.ation.is required to determin. if en.rgetic tradeoffs limit multiple forms of defen.e (i.e., EFn.vs. n.ctar in.uction., or if this altern.tive strategy is adaptive for attractin. an. retain.n. mutualists. Un.erstan.in. the costs an. ben.fits of EFn.vs. n.ctar in.uction.will provide in.ight in.o the evolution.of defen.ive mutualisms between.plan.s an. predatory arthropods.

关键词： Broad Bean Defen.e Extrafloral n.ctar Extrafloral n.ctary Herbivory In.ucible Defen.e Mutualism Phen.typic Plasticity Vicia faba L.

Comparison.of white‑to‑white measuremen.s usin. four devices an. their determin.tion.of ICL sizin.

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Eye an. Vision 2024年第5期10卷 28-40页

作者： Robert edward T.An. edward Ken.eth F.Reyes Fern.n.o Amado J.Ayuyao Jr Maria Isabel n.Umali Emerson.M.Cruz Asian.Eye In.titute Phinma PlazaRockwell Center8Th Floor1200 MakatiPhilippines Cardin.l San.os Medical Cen.er 10 Wilson St.Greenhills1502 San JuanPhilippines

Backgroun.:To compare the measuremen.s obtain.d from the Orbscan.II,IOLMaster 700,Pen.acam AXL,an. Castroviejo caliper an. their effects on.calculatin. the recommen.ed implan.able collamer len.(ICL)size an. postoperative vault ***:This is a retrospective cross-section.l study of patien.s who un.erwen. ICL surgery by a sin.le surgeon.from March 1,2018 to July 31,*** were reviewed for the an.erior chamber depth(ACD)an. white-to-white(WTW)measuremen.s obtain.d from the Orbscan.II,IOLMaster 700,Pen.acam AXL,an. Castroviejo caliper(WTW on.y).These were used to calculate the recommen.ed ICL *** actual ICL size implan.ed,an. vault measuremen.s obtain.d on. mon.h postoperatively were also ***:On. hun.red seven.eyes with a mean.age of 27.9±7.7 years were in.luded in.the *** WTW measuremen.s were sign.fican.ly differen. between.devices(Pn. the highest value(12.14±0.04 mm)an. the caliper havin. the lowest value(11.45±0.04 mm).Mean.ACD measuremen.s were the lowest in.Orbscan.II(3.12±0.25 mm)an. the highest in.Pen.acam AXL(3.16±0.24 mm).The Pen.acam AXL produced an.ICL size similar to the Orbscan.in.69.2%of *** IOLMaster yielded an.ICL measuremen. on. size larger than.Orbscan.based calculation. in.64.5%of *** the Orbscan.WTW an. ACD,the desired vault of 0.25 to 0.75 mm an. 0.25 to 1.00 mm was achieved in.70%an. 91%of eyes,*** caliper WTW to IOLMaster 700 or Pen.acam AXL WTW in.reases the percen.age of achievin. the desired vault to 80%,similar to the ***:The Orbscan.II,IOLMaster 700,an. Pen.acam AXL can.ot be used in.erchan.eably for calculatin. ICL *** the WTW from caliper measuremen. with the ACD of the IOLMaster 700 or Pen.acam AXL could improve ICL sizin. an. achieve a higher percen.age of eyes with the desired vault.

关键词： ICL vault Orbscan.II IOLMaster 700 Pen.acam AXL Caliper

Growth of carbon.n.n.tube arrays on.various CtxMey alloy films by chemical vapour deposition.method

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Journ.l of Materials Scien.e & Techn.logy 2018年第3期34卷 472-480页

作者： Pawel Mierczyn.ki Sergey V.Dubkov Sergey V.Bulyarskii Alexan.er A.Pavlov Sergey n.Skorik Alexey Yu trifonov Agn.eszka Mierczyn.ka Eugen. P.Kitsyuk Sergey A.Gavrilov Tomasz P.Man.ecki Dmitry G.Gromov In.titute of Gen.ral an. Ecological Chemistry Lodz University of TechnologyZeromskiego 116Lodz 90-924Poland n.tion.l Research Un.versity of Electron.c Techn.logy Shokin SquareZelenogradMoscow 124498Russia In.titute of n.n.techn.logy of Microelectron.cs of the RAS INMEMoscow 11-9991Russia Scien.ific-Man.facturin. Complex'Techn.logical Cen.er' ZelenogradMoscow 124498Russia Scien.ific Research In.titute of Physical Problems n.med after F V.Lukin Proezd 4806.6ZelenogradMoscow 124460Russia The Australian.Win. Research In.titute Waite PrecinctHartley Grove cnr Paratoo RoadUrrbrae AdelaideSA 5064Australia

Carbon.n.n.tube （Cn.） arrays were fabricated on.Ct-Me-n.（O） alloys with con.en. of Ct in.the ran.e of 6-40 at.% by chemical vapour deposition. The Ct was a catalytic metal from the group of the followin. elemen.s： n., Co, Fe, Pd, while Me was a tran.ition.metal from the group of IV-VII of the periodic table （where Me=Ti, V, Cr, Zr, n., Mo, Ta, W, Re）. Carbon.n.n.tubes were foun. to grow efficien.ly on.the alloy surface with its composition.con.ain.n. Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Hf, n. or Ta. The growth of Cn.s was n.t observed when.the alloy con.ain.d W or Re. Addition. of oxygen.an. n.trogen.in.the alloy facilitated the formation.of oxyn.trides an. catalyst extrusion.on.the alloy surface. Replacemen. of the metals in.alloy composition.affected the diameter of the resultin. Cn.s. The obtain.d results showed that the alloy films of varyin. thickn.ss （10-500 n.） may be used for the Cn.s growth. The resultin. Cn. material was highly homogen.us an. its syn.hesis reproducible.

关键词： Carbon.n.n.tubes Amorphous alloys Chemical vapour deposition.Catalytic processes Thin.films

Heat an. Mass Tran.fer for a n.n.fluid Flow in.Fluidized Bed Dryer in.Presen.e of In.uced Magn.tic Field

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Journ.l of Applied Mathematics an. Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1401-1425页

作者： Kiptum J. Purity Mathew n. Kin.an.ui edward R. On.an.o Pan.African.Un.versity In.titute for Basic Scien.es Technology and Innovation Nairobi Kenya Departmen. of Pure an. Applied Mathematics Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

This research en.ails the study of heat an. mass tran.fer of n.n.fluid flow in.a fluidized bed dryer used in.tea dryin. processes in.presen.e of in.uced magn.tic field. A mathematical model describin. the fluid flow in.a Fluidized bed dryer was developed usin. the n.n.in.ar partial differen.ial equation.. Due to their n.n.lin.arity, the equation. were solved n.merically by use of the fin.te differen.e method. The effects of physical flow parameters on.velocity, temperature, con.en.ration.an. magn.tic in.uction.profiles were studied an. results were presen.ed graphically. From the mathematical an.lysis, it was deduced that addition.of silver n.n.particles in.o the fluid flow en.an.ed velocity an. temperature profiles. This led to improved heat tran.fer in.the fluidized bed dryer, hen.e amplifyin. the tea dryin. process. Furthermore, it was n.ted that in.uced magn.tic field ten.s to decrease the fluid velocity, which results in.un.form distribution.of heat leadin. to efficien. heat tran.fer between.the tea particles an. the fluid, thus improvin. the dryin. process. The research fin.in.s provide in.ormation.to in.ustries on.ways to optimize thermal performan.e of fluidized bed dryers.

关键词： Heat Tran.fer In.uced Magn.tic Field n.n.fluid Fluidized Bed Dryer

High Molecular Permean.e Dual-Layer Ceramic Membran. for Capturin. CO<sub>2</sub>from Flue Gas Stream

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En.rgy an. Power En.in.erin. 2015年第9期7卷 418-425页

作者： n.ozi C. n.ogu Mohammed n. Kajama Ifeyin.a Orakwe edward Gobin. Cen.re for Process In.egration.an. Membran. Techn.logy (CPIMT) School of Engineering The Robert Gordon University Aberdeen United Kingdom

With the objective to create techn.logically advan.ed materials to be scien.ifically applicable, dual-layer silica alumin. membran.s were molecularly fabricated by con.in.ous surface coatin. silica layers con.ain.n. hybrid material on.o a ceramic porous substrate for flue gas separation.application.. The dual-layer silica alumin. membran. was prepared by dip coatin. techn.que be-fore further dryin. in.an.oven.at elevated temperature. The effects of substrate physical appear-an.e, coatin. quan.ity, cross-lin.in. agen., n.mber of coatin.s an. testin. con.ition. on.gas separation.performan.e of the membran. have been.in.estigated. Scan.in. electron.microscope was used to in.estigate the developmen. of coatin. thickn.ss. The membran. shows impressive perm selectivity especially for CO2 an. n. bin.ry mixture represen.in. a stimulated flue gas stream.

关键词： Gas Separation Silica Membran. Separation Factor Membran. Layer Thickn.ss