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Free-Trade Agreements in a Model of Trade, Migration and Politics

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2018年第1期13卷 15-31页

作者： John douglas Wilson Ilkay Yilmaz Department of Economics Michigan State University East Lansing M1 48824 USA Department of Economics Mersin University Ciftlikkoy Yenisehir 33342 Mersin Turkey

This paper uses a probabilistic voting model to investigate voting for a free-trade agreement between a labor-abundant country and a capital-abundant country. Migration from the labor-abundant country to the capital-abundant country increases the probability of a free-trade agreement, with lower migration costs leading to more migration and a higher free-trade probability. On the other hand, if a lower probability of free trade is caused by an increased voter bias against free-trade candidates, then there is less migration. A dynamic extension of the model is also investigated.

关键词： free trade migration Heckscher-Ohlin labor-abundant capital-abundant

Neurosurgical treatment for addiction: lessons from an untold story in China and a path forward

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National Science Review 2020年第3期7卷 702-712页

作者： Shuo Ma Chencheng Zhang Ti-fei Yuan douglas Steele Valerie Voon Bomin Sun Department of Functional Neurosurgery Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong University Division of Imaging Science and Technology Medical School University of Dundee Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge

Addiction is a major public-health crisis associated with significant disability and mortality. Although various pharmacological and behavioral treatments are currently available, the clinical efficacy of these treatments is limited. Given this situation, there is a growing interest in finding an effective neurosurgical treatment for addiction. First, we discuss the use of ablative surgery in treating addiction. We focus on the rise and fall of nucleus accumbens ablation for addiction in China. Subsequently, we review recent studies that have explored the efficacy and safety of deep-brain-stimulation treatment for addiction. We conclude that neurosurgical procedures, particularly deep-brain stimulation, have a potentially valuable role in the management of otherwise intractable addictive disorders. Larger well-controlled clinical trials, however, are needed to assess clinical efficacy and safety. We end by discussing several key issues involved in this clinical field and identifying some areas of progress.

关键词： drug addiction psychosurgery ablative surgery deep-brain stimulation medical ethics

Potential distributional shifts in North America of allelopathic invasive plant species under climate change models

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Plant Diversity 2022年第1期44卷 11-19页

作者： Anson Wang Anthony E.Melton douglas ESoltis Pamela SSoltis Department of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA Florida Museum of Natural History University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA Genetics Institute University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32610USA Biodiversity Institute University of FloridaGainesvilleFL32611USA

Predictive studies play a crucial role in the study of biological invasions of terrestrial plants under possible climate change *** species are recognized for their ability to modify soil microbial communities and influence ecosystem ***,we focused on six species of allelopathic flowering plants-Ailanthus altissima,Casuarina equisetifolia,Centaurea stoebe ***,Dioscorea bulbifera,Lantana camara,and Schinus terebinthifolia-Xhat are invasive in North America and examined their potential to spread further during projected climate *** used Species Distribution Models(SDMs)to predict future suitable areas for these species in North America under several proposed future climate *** and Maxent were used to develop SDMs,estimate current distributions,and predict future areas of suitable climate for each *** with the greatest predicted suitable climate in the future include the northeastern and the coastal northwestern regions of North *** size estimations demonstrate the possibility of extreme range loss for these invasives in the southeastern United States,while new areas may become suitable in the northeastern United States and southeastern *** findings show an overall northward shift of suitable climate during the next few decades,given projected changes in temperature and *** results can be utilized to analyze potential shifts in the distribution of these invasive species and may aid in the development of conservation and management plans to target and control dissemination in areas at higher risk for potential future invasion by these allelopathic species.

关键词： Allelopathy Invasive species Species distribution models Ecological niche models Invasion impacts Multi-species assessment

Research integrity in forensic anthropology

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第3期6卷 285-291页

作者： douglas H.Ubelaker National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDCUSA

Research represents the driving force for change and advancement in the forensic sciences[1].Of course,forensic science features casework and the application of our scientific knowledge to medicolegal ***,that scienti... 详细信息

关键词： knowledge legal driving

Long-term stabilization of stage 4 colon cancer using sodium dichloroacetate therapy

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2016年第10期4卷 336-343页

作者： Akbar Khan douglas Andrews Anneke C Blackburn Medicor Cancer Centres Inc. The John Curtin School of Medical Research The Australian National University

Oral dichloroacetate sodium(DCA) has been investigated as a novel metabolic therapy for various cancers since 2007, based on data from Bonnet et al that DCA can trigger apoptosis of human lung, breast and brain cancer cells. Response to therapy in human studies is measured by standard response evaluation criteria for solid tumours definitions, which define "response" by the degree of tumour reduction, or tumour disappearance on imaging. However, Blackburn et al have demonstrated that DCA can also act as a cytostatic agent in vitro and in vivo, without causing apoptosis(programmed cell death). A case is presented in which oral DCA therapy resulted in tumour stabilization of stage 4 colon cancer in a 57 years old female for a period of nearly 4 years, with no serious toxicity. Since the natural history of stage 4 colon cancer consists of steady progression leading to disability and death, this case highlights a novel use of DCA as a cytostatic agent with a potential to maintain long-term stability of advanced-stage cancer.

关键词： Dichloroacetate Cancer Colon Colorectal Cytostatic Stabilization Growth inhibition Intravenous

The impact of scavenging:perspective from casework in forensic anthropology

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Forensic Sciences Research 2020年第1期5卷 32-37页

作者： douglas H.Ubelaker Cassandra M.DeGaglia Department of Anthropology National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDCUSA

Forensic anthropology casework frequently encounters evidence of animal scavenging asso-ciated with fragmentation and loss of skeletal *** research demonstrates that patterns of destruction in bone can suggest the size and type of animal *** study analyzes 107 cases reported on by the first author at the Smithsonian Institution to investigate patterns of scavenging in forensic anthropology *** investigation reveals that the extent of scavenger impact varies across the body,but primarily is concen-trated in the central body *** extensive animal scavenging can limit analysis,some evidence of foul play can be preserved.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic anthropology scaveng-ing casework

Gallium-Catalyzed Silicon Oxide Nanowire Growth

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2005年第6期10卷 718-728页

作者： Zheng Wei Pan Sheng Dai douglas H. Lowndes Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA Condensed Matter Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37830 USA Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37830 USA

Silicon oxide nanowires tend to assemble into various complex morphologies through a metalcatalyzed vapor-liquid-solid （VLS） growth process. This article summarizes our recent efforts in the controlled growth of silicon oxide nanowire assemblies by using molten gallium as the catalyst and silicon wafer, SiO powder, or silane （Sill4） as the silicon sources. Silicon oxide nanowire assemblies with morphologies of carrotlike, cometlike, gourdlike, spindlelike, badmintonlike, sandwichlike, etc. were obtained. Although the morphologies of the nanowire assemblies are temperatureand silicon source-dependent, they share similar structural and compositional features： all the assemblies contain a microscale spherical liquid Ga ball and a highly aligned, closely packed amorphous silicon oxide nanowire bunch. The Ga-catalyzed silicon oxide nanowire growth reveals several interesting new nanowire growth phenomena that expand our knowledge of the conventional VLS nanowire growth mechanism.

关键词： gallium silicon oxide nanowires vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) catalyst GaN powder Si wafer SiH4 gas SiO powder

High Performance Ring Oscillators from 10-nm Wide Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors

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Nano Research 2011年第10期4卷 1005-1012页

作者： Ruo-Gu Huang douglas Tham Dunwei Wang James R. Heath Department of Electrical Engineering Calilfomia Institute of Technology MC 136-93 Pasadena CA 91125 USA Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology MC 127-72 Pasadena CA 91125 USA Department of Chemistry Boston College 140 Commonwealth Ave Chestnut Hill Massachusetts 02467 USA

We explore 10-nm wide Si nanowire （SiNW） field-effect transistors （FETs） for logic applications, via the fabrication and testing of SiNW-based ring oscillators. We report on SiNW surface treatments and dielectric annealing, for producing SiNW FETs that exhibit high performance in terms of large on/off-state current ratio （-10s）, low drain-induced barrier lowering （-30 mV） and low subthreshold swing （-80 mV/decade）. The performance of inverter and ring-oscillator circuits fabricated from these nanowire FETs are also explored. The inverter demonstrates the highest voltage gain （-148） reported for a SiNW-based NOT gate, and the ring oscillator exhibits near rail-to-rail oscillation centered at 13.4 MHz. The static and dynamic characteristics of these NW devices indicate that these SiNW-based FET circuits are excellent candidates for various high-performance nanoelectronic applications.

关键词： Silicon nanowire (SiNW) field-effect transistor (FET) surface treatment inverter ring oscillator

Animal models of genetic causes of male infertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2002年第3期4卷 213-219页

作者： Greg L. Christensen douglas T. Carrell Andrology Department University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City Utah 84132 USAAndrology Department University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City Utah 84132 USA

Introduction In the past 10 years, more than 100 different genetically engineered mice have been developed with an abnormality in spermatogenesis. More than half of these male infertility animal models have been reported in the past three years alone. Spermatogenic defects in these models vary considerably, ranging from the inappropriate migration of primordial germ cells to the inability of mature spermatozoa to bind the zona pellucida. Many of

关键词： animal models genes genetics knockout male infertility