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防御性被捕食者可利用量的波动可调节六斑月瓢虫的功能反应曲线(英文)

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昆虫学报 2017年第9期60卷 1031-1040页

作者： Priya PATEL Bhupendra kumar dinesh kumar Department of Zoology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221 005 Uttar Pradesh India

【目的】本研究评价了在被捕食者波动条件下,在花生蚜Aphis craccivora Koch和萝卜蚜Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)上六斑月瓢虫Menochilus sexmaculatus(Fabricius)4龄幼虫的功能反应。萝卜蚜是一种含烯丙基异硫氰酸酯的防御性被捕食... 详细信息

【目的】本研究评价了在被捕食者波动条件下,在花生蚜Aphis craccivora Koch和萝卜蚜Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)上六斑月瓢虫Menochilus sexmaculatus(Fabricius)4龄幼虫的功能反应。萝卜蚜是一种含烯丙基异硫氰酸酯的防御性被捕食者。我们推测,在试验的被捕食者条件下,在最适量被捕食者或丰富的被捕食者条件下饲养的幼虫比在缺乏被捕食者条件下饲养的幼虫表现出更好的功能反应。而在萝卜蚜上六斑月瓢虫的功能反应曲线的斜率比在花生蚜上要低。【方法】将六斑月瓢虫4龄幼虫从饲养条件(缺乏被捕食者/最适乏被捕食者/丰富的被捕食者)突然转移到不同的试验条件(极为缺乏被捕食者/缺乏被捕食者/次适量被捕食者/最适量被捕食者/丰富的被捕食者)下,外推出其功能曲线。【结果】尽管被捕食资源发生了改变,但是六斑月瓢虫4龄幼虫在花生蚜上表现出Ⅱ型反应,而在萝卜蚜上表现出改变的Ⅱ型反应。此外,在5个试验条件下,不管是哪种被捕食者,在最适量被捕食者/丰富的被捕食者条件下饲养的4龄幼虫均表现出正常的捕食率。但是在缺乏被捕食者条件下饲养的4龄幼虫突然转变到最适量/丰富的被捕食者实验条件下时,它们通过取食比平时更多的被捕食者的生物量来补偿食物的短缺。不过,它们在丰富的被捕食者条件下的取食量最高,在极为缺乏被捕食者的试验条件下的取食量最低。而且,在花生蚜上记录到较高的攻击率和较低的猎物处理时间。【结论】结果说明,萝卜蚜可利用量的波动可改变六斑月瓢虫幼虫的功能反应。然而,对于六斑月瓢虫而言,花生蚜比萝卜蚜是更为合适的被捕食者。

关键词：瓢虫蚜虫生物防治功能反应资源波动

Virus-Induced Gene Silencing Offers a Functional Genomics Platform for Studying Plant Cell Wall Formation

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Molecular Plant 2010年第5期3卷 818-833页

作者： Xiaohong Zhu Sivakumar Pattathil Koushik Mazumder Amanda Brehm Michael G. Hahn S.P. dinesh-kumar Chandrashekhar P. Joshi Biotechnology Research Center School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science Michigan Technological University Houghton MI 49931 USA BioEnergy Science Center Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA Department of Plant Biology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Section of Plant Biology and Genome Center University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology Chonnam National University Gwangju 500-757 Korea

Virus-induced gene silencing （VIGS） is a powerful genetic tool for rapid assessment of plant gene functions in the post-genomic era. Here, we successfully implemented a Tobacco Rattle Virus （TRV）-based VlGS system to study functions of genes involved in either primary or secondary cell wall formation in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. A 3-week post- VIGS time frame is sufficient to observe phenotypic alterations in the anatomical structure of stems and chemical composition of the primary and secondary cell walls. We used cell wall glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies to demonstrate that alteration of cell wall polymer synthesis during the secondary growth phase of VIGS plants has profound effects on the extractability of components from woody stem cell walls. Therefore, TRV-based VlGS together with cell wall component profiling methods provide a high-throughput gene discovery platform for studying plant cell wall formation from a bioenergy perspective.

关键词： Plant cell wall VIGS cellulose xylan lignin Nicotiana.

Metallosis with spinal implant loosening after spinal instrumentation:A case report

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世界骨科杂志:英文版 2023年第8期14卷 651-661页

作者： Yiu Hin Kwan Hong Lee Terry Teo Shree kumar dinesh Wee Lim Loo Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Changi General HospitalSingapore 529889Singapore

BACKGROUND Spinal metallosis is a rare complication following spinal instrumentation whereby an inflammatory response to the metal implants results in the development of granulomatous *** SUMMARY We describe the case of a 78-year-old woman who had recurrence of back pain 5 years after lumbar spine posterior decompression and instrumented *** spine radiographs showed hardware loosening and magnetic resonance imaging showed adjacent segment *** surgery revealed evidence of metallosis *** Spinal metallosis can present several years after *** and computed tomography may demonstrate hardware loosening secondary to *** metal concentrations associated with spinal metallosis have yet to be ***,metallosis is still an intraoperative and histopathological *** presence of metallosis after spinal instrumentation likely indicates a more complex underlying problem:Pseudarthrosis,failure to address sagittal balance,infection,and cross-threading of set ***,identifying metallosis is important,but initiating treatment promptly for symptomatic implant loosening is of greater paramount.

关键词： Metallosis Spine Instrumentation Implant loosening Corrosion Case report

Effects of Boundary Conditions on Postbuckling Strengths of Composite Laminate with Various Shaped Cutouts under In-Plane Shear

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2013年第2期3卷 38-50页

作者： dinesh kumar Shamsher Bahadur Singh Department of Civil Engineering Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani India.

Cutouts are often provided in composite structural components for practical reasons. For instance, aircraft components such as wingspar, fuselage and ribs are provided with cutouts for access, inspection, fuel lines and electric lines or to reduce the overall weight. This paper addresses the effect of boundary condition on buckling and postbuckling responses, failure loads, and failure characteristics of composite laminate with various shaped cutouts (i.e., circular, square, diamond, elliptical-vertical and elliptical-horizontal) and having different lay-ups under in-plane shear (positive and negative) load, using finite-element method. The FEM formulation is based on the first order shear deformation theory in conjunction with geometric nonlinearity using von Karman’s assumptions. The 3-D Tsai-Hill criterion is used to predict the failure of a lamina while the onset of delamination is predicted by the interlaminar failure criterion. It is observed that the effect of boundary condition on buckling, first-ply failure and ultimate failure loads of a quasi-isotropic laminate with cutout is more for positive shear load than that for the negative shear load for almost all cutout shapes. It is also noted that under in-plane shear loads postbuckling stiffness of (0/90)4s laminate with circular cutout is maximum, while it is minimum for (45/—45)4s laminate with circular cutout, irrespective of boundary conditions.

关键词： Boundary Conditions Buckling Postbuckling Cutouts Composite Laminate FEM

Investigation of weld parameters on ductility, onion ring and fracture behaviour of friction stir welded AA2219-T87

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第9期26卷 2318-2327页

作者： dinesh kumar R S MUTHUkumarAN Vincent XAVIER T VENKATESWARAN D SIVAkumar Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering NIT-Trichy 620015India Heat Treatment and Welding Metallurgy Division Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre(VSSC-ISRO)Trivandrum 695022India

Friction stir welding provides better retention of ductility and plasticity in comparison to fusion welding and it increases the stability against *** study aims to enhance both the ductility and strength of the welded *** profile was found to play an important role in retaining ductility,understanding the metal flow behavior and determining the fracture initiating *** microstructure of different regions in the onion ring was inferred to correlate the strength with the metal flow *** onion ring pattern strengthened the weld *** and taper threaded profile tool resulted in superior mechanical *** results confirmed that the fracture runs through low hardness areas such as heat affected zone and thermo-mechanically affected *** scanning electron microscopic images revealed elongated grains and dimples,justifying ductile mode of fracture.

关键词： plasticity metal flow onion ring fracture friction stir welding

Gossypin: A phytochemical of multispectrum potential

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第8期5卷 365-370页

作者： Kanika Patel Vikas kumar AmitaVerma dinesh kumar Patel Faculty of Health Science Shalom Institute of Health and Allied SciencesSam Higginbottom University of AgricultureTechnology and Sciences(SHUATS)(Formerly Allahabad Agriculture Institute)NainiAllahabad 211007Uttar PradeshIndia

Nature is the source of the various raw chemicals in the form of oils, food supplement, neutraceuticals, and colour pigments. A lot of presently existing drugs available in the market mainly belong to the natural sources including the plants, animal, microorganism, minerals and marine source. Flavonoids, benzo-c-pirone derivates are one of the main secondary flavonoid liable for the different shades of flowers like orange, yellow and red color. More than 4000 flavonoids like flavanols, flavonols, isoflavones, flavanones, flavanonols and flavones are found in the different edible plants which are also found in the regular human diet. Flavonoids are present in vegetables, spices, tea, whole grains, fruits, wine, herbs and seeds. Gossypin, a flavonol glucoside, is present in the flowers of different plants like Gossypium indicum, Hibiscus esculentus and Hibiscus vitifolius and is one of the major chemical of plants belonging to 'Malvaceae' family. In the present review, we have collected all the information of gossypin and found that it has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, anticataract, antidiabetic, analgesic and hepatoprotective activities. It also protects against beta-amyloid induced toxicity. The information provided in the present review will be beneficial to the researchers of the various field of science for the development of better alternate for various disorders. On the basis of the presented database of this review we can conclude that gossypin has various beneficial effects and it could be used for the treatment of various disorders.

关键词： Flavonoids Gossypin Pharmacological activity Phytochemical Polyphenol

The High Frequency Decay Parameter <em>κ</em>(Kappa) in the Region of North East India

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2018年第2期7卷 141-159页

作者： Renu Yadav dinesh kumar Sumer Chopra Department of Geophysics Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana India Institute of Seismological Research Gandhinagar Gujarat India

The high frequency decay parameter κ has been considered as one of the important parameters required in the simulation of earthquake strong ground motions necessary for the proper evaluation of seismic hazard of a region. The present study estimated “κ” for the highly seismic active region of North East India. The spectral analysis of 598 accelerograms of 32 earthquakes has been done using [1] approach for this purpose. The average values of “κ” have been found to be 0.049, 0.047 and 0.040 for L-, T- and V-component respectively. The distance dependence of κ is not significant in the region. The κ 0 (κ at R = 0) for soft rock stations is found to be more than those of hard rock sites in consistent with other similar studies. The correlation between “κ” and earthquake magnitude at most of the stations for the region under study is not significant which indicates that κ depends on the site conditions in the region. The κ values estimated in the present study are useful for the evaluation of seismic hazard of the region.

关键词： Kappa GMPE Strong Ground Motion Simulation Seismic Hazard

Medicinal significance,pharmacological activities,and analytical aspects of ricinine:A concise report

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第8期4卷 663-667页

作者： Kanika Patel dinesh kumar Patel Jubilant Life Sciences NoidaUttar Pradesh 201301India Department of Pharmacy Galgotias UniversityGreater Noida 203201Uttar PradeshIndia

Ricinine(3-cyano-4-methoxy-N-methyl-2-pyridone)is an alkaloid present in leaves and seeds of castor plant *** *** can cause vomiting,convulsions,hypotension,liver and kidney damage and several other complications in *** presents mainly in young plant and it is the only cyano-substituted pyridine compounds occurred *** also found in some other plants such as Piper nigrum,Discocleidion rufescens,Aparisthmium cordatum and Nicotiana *** and intended Ricinus communis intoxications in humans and animals have been known for *** the present review,we summarize the information regarding its medicinal uses,pharmacological activities,analytical techniques and intended and unintended poisoning cases in humans and *** review will be beneficial for the researcher in the field of herbal medicine and other allied sciences.

关键词： Analytical techniques Pharmacological activities Poisoning Ricinine Ricinus communis

Mg2＋-ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes： Materials Characterization and All-Solid-State Battery Performance Studies

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2013年第1期3卷 9-17页

作者： Rakesh Chandra Agrawal dinesh kumar Sahu Solid State lonics Research Laboratory SOS in Physics and Astrophysics Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur 492010India Rungta Engineering College Raipur 492001 India

For All-Solid-State battery applications, Mg2＋-ion conducting polymer electrolytes and Mg-metal electrode are currently considered as alternate choices in place of Li＋-ion conducting polymer electrolytes/Li-metal electrode. Present paper reports fabrication of All-Solid-State battery based on the following Mg2＋-ion conducting nano composite polymer electrolyte （NCPE） films： [85PEO： 15Mg（C104）2] ＋ 5% TiO2 （〈 100 nm）, [85PEO： 15Mg（CIO4）2] ＋ 3% SiO2（-8 nm）. [85PEO： 15Mg（CIO4）2] ＋ 3% MgO （〈 100 nm）, [85PEO：15Mg（C1O4）2] ＋ 3% MgO （-44 μm）. NCPE films were prepared by hot-press technique. Solid Polymer Electrolyte （SPE） composition： [85PEO： 15Mg（CIO4）2], identified as high conducting film at room temperature, has been used as ISt--phase host and nano/micro particles of active （MgO）/passive （SiO2, TiO2） fillers as IInd-phase dispersoid. Filler particle dependent conductivity studies identified above mentioned NCPE films as optimum conducting composition （OCC） at room temperature. Ion transport behavior of SPE/NCPE film materials was investigated previously. Present paper reports materials characterization and cell performance studies on All-Solid-State batteries： Mg （Anode） Ⅱ SPE or NCPE films tt C＋MnO2＋Electrolyte （Cathode）. Open circuit voltage （OCV） obtained was in the range： 1.79-1.92 V. The batteries were discharged at room temperature under different load conditions and some important battery parameters have been evaluated from plateau region of cell-potential discharge profiles. All the batteries performed quite satisfactorily specially under low current drain states.

关键词： Solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) nano composite polymer electrolyte (NCPE) hot-press technique all-solid-state batteries.