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Risk factors for long COVId in children and adolescents:a systematic review and meta-analysis

World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 133-142页

作者： d.niel g.rayner Elaine Wang Cloris Su Om d.Patel Stephanie Aleluya Alessandra giglia Evelyn Zhu Maha Siddique department of Health Research Methods Evidenceand ImpactFaculty of Health SciencesMcMaster University1280 Main St WHamiltonONL8S 4K1Canada Faculty of Health Sciences McMaster University1280 Main St WHamiltonON L8S 4K1Canada Faculty of Science McMaster University1280 Main St WHamiltonONL8S 4K1Canada

Background The long-term sequelae of COVId-19 in children and adolescents remain poorly understood and *** systematic review and meta-analysis sought to summarize the risk factors for long COVId in the pediatric *** We searched six databases from January 2020 to May 2023 for observational studies reporting on risk factors for long COVId or persistent symptoms those were present 12 or more weeks post-infection using multivariable regression *** registries,reference lists of included studies,and preprint servers were hand-searched for relevant ***-effects meta-analyses were conducted to pool odds ratios for each risk *** study risk of bias was rated using QUIPS,and the gRAdE framework was used to assess the certainty of evidence for each unique *** Sixteen observational studies(N=46,262)were included,and 19 risk factors were amenable to *** moderate certainty in the evidence,age(per 2-year increase),allergic rhinitis,obesity,previous respiratory diseases,hospitalization,severe acute COVId-19,and symptomatic acute COVId-19 are probably associated with an increased risk of long *** sex,asthma,comorbidity,and heart diseases may be associated with an increased risk of long COVId,and Asian and Black races may be associated with a decreased risk of long *** did not observe any credible subgroup effects for any risk *** The current body of literature presents several compelling risk factors for the development of long COVId in the pediatric *** research is necessary to elucidate the pathophysiology of long COVId.

关键词： COVId-19 Long COVId Post-acute COVId-19 syndrome Pediatrics Risk factors

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Management of gestational diabetes mellitus via nutritional interventions:The relevance of gastric emptying

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World Journal of diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1394-1397页

作者： Wei-Kun Huang Ryan J Jalleh Christopher K rayner Tong-Zhi Wu Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to good Health The University of AdelaideAdelaide 5000Australia Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to good Health The University of Adelaide and Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyRoyal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide 5000Australia

gestational diabetes mellitus(gdM)represents one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy and is important to the well-being of both mothers and offspring in the short and long *** intervention remains the mainstay for the management of *** efficacy of nutritional approaches(*** restriction and small frequent meals)to improving the maternal-neonatal outcomes of gdM was attested to by Chinese population data,discussed in two articles in recent issues of this ***,a specific focus on the relevance of postprandial glycaemic control was *** rather than fasting hyperglycaemia often represents the predominant manifestation of disordered glucose homeostasis in Chinese women with *** is now increasing appreciation that the rate of gastric emptying,which controls the delivery of nutrients for digestion and absorption in the small intestine,is a key determinant of postprandial glycaemia in both health,type 1 and 2 *** remains to be established whether gastric emptying is abnormally rapid in gdM,particularly among Chinese women,thus contributing to a predisposition to postprandial hyperglycaemia,and if so,how this influences the therapeutic response to nutritional *** is essential that we understand the role of gastric emptying in the regulation of postprandial glycaemia during pregnancy and the potential for its modulation by nutritional strategies in order to improve postprandial glycaemic control in gdM.

关键词： gastric emptying Postprandial glycaemia diet Nutritional interventions gestational diabetes mellitus

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Use of Mutual Information Arrays to Predict Coevolving Sites in the Full Length HIV gp120 Protein for Subtypes B and C

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Virologica Sinica 2011年第2期26卷 95-104页

作者： Anthony rayner Simon rayner State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of Sciences

It is well established that different sites within a protein evolve at different rates according to their role within the protein;identification of these correlated mutations can aid in tasks such as ab initio protein structure,structure function analysis or sequence *** Information is a standard measure for coevolution between two sites but its application is limited by signal to noise *** this work we report a preliminary study to investigate whether larger sequence sets could circumvent this problem by calculating mutual information arrays for two sets of drug na ve sequences from the HIV gp120 protein for the B and C *** results suggest that while the larger sequences sets can improve the signal to noise ratio,the gain is offset by the high mutation rate of the HIV virus which makes it more difficult to achieve consistent ***,we were able to predict a number of coevolving sites that were supported by previous experimental studies as well as a region close to the C terminal of the protein that was highly variable in the C subtype but highly conserved in the B subtype.

关键词：蛋白质结构蛋白质阵列协同进化艾滋病毒 C亚型互信息预测高信噪比

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Epidemiology and Mutational Analysis of global Strains of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus

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Virologica Sinica 2011年第4期26卷 229-244页

作者： Simon rayner Bioinformatics group State Key Laboratory for VirologyWuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe illness with high *** are reported in several countries in Africa,Europe,the Middle East,and *** analyses based on the virus S (nucleocapsid),M (glycoprotein),and L (polymerase) genome segments sequences indicate distinct geographic lineages exist but their specific genetic characteristics require *** this work we collected all full length S segment sequences and generated a phylogenetic tree based on the alignment of these 62 *** then analyzed the alignment using entries from AAIndex,the Amino Acid Index database,to identify amino acid mutations that performed significant changes in charge,pka,hydropathy and side chain ***,we mapped these changes back to the tree and alignment to identify correlated mutations or sites that characterized a specific *** on this analysis we are able to propose a number of sites that appear to be important for virus function and which would be good candidates for experimental mutational analysis studies.

关键词：突变分析病毒株流行病学出血刚果氨基酸指数系统发育分析基因组片段

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Advances of Bioinformatics Tools Applied in Virus Epitopes Prediction

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Virologica Sinica 2011年第1期26卷 1-7页

作者： Simon rayner State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of Sciences

In recent years,the in silico epitopes prediction tools have facilitated the progress of vaccines development significantly and many have been applied to predict epitopes in viruses successfully. Herein,a general overview of different tools currently available,including T cell and B cell epitopes prediction tools,is presented. And the principles of different prediction algorithms are reviewed briefly. Finally,several examples are present to illustrate the application of the prediction tools.

关键词：预测工具表位预测病毒抗原生物信息学应用 B细胞表位预测算法 T细胞

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A multi-state weather generator for daily precipitation for the Torne River basin, northern Sweden/western Finland

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2016年第1期7卷 70-81页

作者： david rayner Christine ACHBERgER deliang CHEN Regional Climate group Department of Earth Sciences University of Gothenburg

This paper describes a new weather generator e the 10-state empirical model e that combines a 10-state, first-order Markov chain with a non-parametric precipitation amounts model. Using a doubly-stochastic transition-matrix results in a weather generator for which the overall precipitation distribution(including both wet and dry days) and the temporal-correlation can be modified independently for climate change studies. This paper assesses the ability of the 10-state empirical model to simulate daily area-average precipitation in the Torne River catchment in northern Sweden/western Finland in the context of 3 other models: a 10-state model with a parametric(gamma) amounts model; a wet/dry chain with the empirical amounts model; and a wet/dry chain with the parametric amounts model. The ability to accurately simulate the distribution of multi-day precipitation in the catchment is the primary *** showed that the 10-state empirical model represented accumulated 2- to 14-day precipitation most realistically. Further, the distribution of precipitation on wet days in the catchment is related to the placement of a wet day within a wet-spell, and the 10-state models represented this realistically, while the wet/dry models did not. Although all four models accurately reproduced the annual and monthly averages in the training data, all models underestimated inter-annual and inter-seasonal variance. Even so, the 10-state empirical model performed *** conclude that the multi-state model is a promising candidate for hydrological applications, as it simulates multi-day precipitation well, but that further development is required to improve the simulation of interannual variation.

关键词：平均降水量天气发生器多状态瑞典西部芬兰非参数模型马尔可夫链

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Investigation of the genotype III to genotype I shift in Japanese encephalitis virus and the impact on human cases

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Virologica Sinica 2015年第4期30卷 277-289页

作者： Na Han James Adams Wei Fang Si-Qing Liu Simon rayner State Key Laboratory for Infectious diseases Prevention and Control National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Collaborative Innovation Center for diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious diseases State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences department of Medical genetics Oslo University Hospital

Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito borne disease and is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in the Asia-Pacific area. The causative agent, Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV) can be phylogenetically classified into five genotypes based on nucleotide sequence. In recent years, genotype I(gI) has displaced genotype III(gIII) as the dominant lineage, but the mechanisms behind this displacement event requires elucidation. In an earlier study, we compared host variation over time between the two genotypes and observed that gI appears to have evolved to achieve more efficient infection in hosts in the replication cycle, with the tradeoff of reduced infectivity in secondary hosts such as humans. To further investigate this phenomenon, we collected JEV surveillance data on human cases and, together with sequence data, and generated genotype/case profiles from seven Asia-Pacific countries and regions to characterize the gI/gIII displacement event. We found that, when comprehensive and consistent vaccination and surveillance data was available, and the gIII to gI shift occurred within a well-defined time period, there was a statistically significant drop in JEV human cases. Our findings provide further support for the argument that gI is less effective in infecting humans, who represent a dead end host. However, experimental investigation is necessary to confirm this hypothesis. The study highlights the value of alternative approaches to investigation of epidemics, as well as the importance of effective data collection for disease surveillance and control.

关键词： flavivirus Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV) bioinf

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Rabies surveillance and control in China over the last twenty years

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Biosafety and Health 2021年第3期3卷 142-147页

作者： Xiaoyan Tao Siqing Liu Wuyang Zhu Simon rayner Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Health and Family Planning CommissionNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Center for Biosafety Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China department of Medical genetics Oslo University Hospital and University of OsloOslo 0424Norway

globally,rabies remains a serious threat to public *** particular,large number of cases continue to be detected in Africa and *** has experienced three major outbreaks with the current epizootic starting in 1990s,peaking in 2007 with 3,300 cases,and consistently decreasing since this point.A key factor of the success in keeping the rabies outbreak under control is the National Public Health Reporting Program that was introduced to coordinate surveillance at provincial and regional *** this program,it is possible to obtain an integrated overview of how rabies was spreading and how various factors were contributing to the *** the same time,samples have been collected from suspected rabies cases and a subset of positive samples selected for *** this way,it is possible to investigate the outbreak from a phylogenetic perspective,providing the comprehensive description of a rabies outbreak to *** thiswork,we review rabies control efforts over the last 20 years,and showhowthis integrated approach has led to a deeper characterization of the outbreak and a better understanding of the factors driving the spread of the disease.

关键词： Rabies Rabies virus China Surveillance Lineage

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Pathogenicity of Rabies Viruses Isolated in China: Two Fixed Strains and a Street Strain

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第7期26卷 552-561页

作者： HUANg Ying TANg Qing Simon rayner gONg Kai SONg Bo LIANg guo dong Key Laboratorg for Medical Virology Ministry of Health Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (IVDC China CDC) State Key Laboratory for Virology Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory for Infectious disease Prevention and Control Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChina CDC

Objective To investigate the virulence characteristics of two fixed strains （CTN and ag） and a street strain （HNIO） of rabies viruses isolated in China, Methods ICR mice of different age groups were via the intracracerebral （i.c.） or intramuscular （i.m inoculated with CTN, ag and HN10 rabies virus strains ） routes, and observed for 20 days. Results The CTN strain was pathogenic to 7-day-old suckling mice that received i.c. inoculations and 3-day-old suckling mice that received i.m. inoculations. The ag strain was pathogenic to 4-week-old mice that received i.c. inoculations and 7-day-old suckling mice that received i.m. inoculations. The HN10 strain was pathogenic to mice of all age groups via both inoculation routes. In moribund mice, the viruses had spread to most regions of the brain. The CTN and HN10 strains had similar dissemination patterns in the brain; both viral antigens could be found in the dentate gyrus （dg）, whereas few viral antigens were present in the dg from specimens that had been infected with the ag strain. Conclusion A comprehensive sequence analysis of the g protein suggested that differences in gene sequences may be responsible for producing strain-specific differences in pathogenicity and distribution in the brain.

关键词： Rabies Virus Pathogenicity distribution glycoprotein

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Stem cell research finds possible HIV cure with cord blood transplant

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The Innovation 2022年第3期3卷 20-21页

作者： gifty Marley rayner K.JTan Weiming Tang University of North Carolina Project-China 16th Floor of Lao Gan BuildingNo.7 Lujing RoadYuexiu DistrictGuangzhou510095China Social Entrepreneurship to Spur Health(SESH)global 16th Floor of Lao Gan BuildingNo.7 Lujing RoadYuexiu DistrictGuangzhou510095China

Recent reports of an American woman of mixed race cured of HIV through stem cell transplant suggest ground-breaking progress on the human immunodeficiency virus“HIV”war front as it marks significant progress in efforts to find a cure for the *** presented at the recent Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections,the cured patient was discovered in the ongoing USA-supported stem cell research study led by *** Persaud of Johns Hopkins University and *** Bryson of the University of California Los Angeles(UCLA).

关键词： Hopkins deborah breaking

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