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Magnetic configuration effects on the edge heat flux in the limiter plasma on W7-X measured using the infrared camera and the combined probe

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第5期20卷 18-22页

作者： P dREWS H NIEMANN J COSFELd Y GAO J GEIGER O GRULKE M HENKEL d HOSCHEN K HOLLFELd C KILLER A KRAMER-FLECKEN Y LIANG S LIU d nicolai O NEUBAUER M RACK B SCHWEER G SATHEESWARAN L RUdISCHHAUSER N SANdRI N WANG the W7-X Team Forschungszentrum Jtilich GmbH Institut fur Energie-und Klimaforschung PlasmaphysikPartner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster(TEC)D-52425 JulichGermany Max-Planck-Institut fur Plasmaphysik GreifswaldGermany Forschungszentrum Jtilich GmbH Central Institute for EngineeringElectronics and Analytics/Engineering and Technology(ZEA-1)D-52425 JulichGermany JARA-HPC Germany School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China

Controlling the heat and particle fluxes in the plasma edge and on the plasma facing components is important for the safe and effective operation of every magnetically confined fusion *** was attempted on Wendelstein 7-X in the first operational campaign,with the modification of the magnetic configuration by use of the trim coils and tuning the field coil currents,commonly named iota ***,the heat loads on the five limiters are ***,they differ between each limiter and are non-uniform,due to the（relatively small） error fields caused by the misalignment of *** is therefore necessary to study the influence of the configuration changes on the transport of heat and particles in the plasma edge caused by the application of error fields and the change of the magnetic *** this paper the upstream measurements conducted with the combined probe are compared to the downstream measurements with the dIAS infrared camera on the limiter.

关键词： Wendelstein 7-X W7-X plasma edge heat flux limiter

Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： M.R.d.Rodrigues A.Bonasera M.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández M.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli M.Huault H.Larreur d.Singappuli d.Molloy d.Raffestin M.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda d.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.McNamee M.La Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere M.Cipriani G.di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.de Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone d.Margarone L.Giuffrida d.Batani P.nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe d.Giulietti S.Agarwal M.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.Majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of MeV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

Forensic Readiness: Emerging discipline for Creating Reliable and Secure digital Evidence

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2015年第1期22卷 1-8页

作者： Barbara Endicott-Popovsky nicolai Kuntze Carsten Rudolph Institute of Technology University of Washington Fraunhofer Institute of Technology

Traditional approaches to digital forensics reconstruct events within digital systems that often are not built for the creation of evidence; however,there is an emerging discipline of forensic readiness that examines what it takes to build systems and devices that produce digital data records for which admissibility is a requirement. This paper reviews the motivation behind research in this area,a generic technical solution that uses hardware-based security to bind digital records to a particular state of a device and proposed applications of this solution in concrete,practical scenarios. Research history in this area,the notion of secure digital evidence and a technical solution are discussed. A solution to creating hardware-based security in devices producing digital evidence was proposed in 2012. Additionally,this paper revises the proposal and discusses three distinct scenarios where forensic readiness of devices and secure digital evidence are relevant. It shows,how the different requirements of the three scenarios can be realized using a hardware-based solution. The scenarios are:lawful interception of voice communication,automotive black box,precise farming. These three scenarios come from very distinctive application domains. Nevertheless,they share a common set of security requirements for processes to be documented and data records to be stored.

关键词： digital forensics forensic readiness calibration d

development of a procedure for estimating the parameters of mechanistic VOC emission source models from chamber testing data

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Building Simulation 2021年第2期14卷 269-282页

作者： Zhenlei Liu Andreas nicolai Marc Abadie Menghao Qin John Grunewald Jianshun Zhang department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Syracuse UniversitySyracuseUSA dresden University of Technology DresdenGermany University of La Rochelle La RochelleFrance Technical University of denmark Kongens LyngbyDenmark School of Architecture and Urban Planning Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina

In order to evaluate the impacts of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions from building materials on the indoor air quality beyond the standard chamber test conditions and test period,mechanistic emission source models have been developed in the ***,very limited data are available for the required model parameters including the initial concentration(C_(m0)),in-material diffusion coefficient(d_(m)),partition coefficient(Kma),and convective mass transfer coefficient(k_(m)).In this study,a procedure was developed for estimating the model parameters by using VOC emission data from standard small chamber *** the procedure,initial values of the model parameters were refined by multivariate regression analysis of the measured emission *** verify the procedure and estimate its uncertainty,simulated chamber test data were generated by adding 10% experimental uncertainties on the theoretical curve from the analytical solution to a mechanistic emission *** the procedure was applied to the generated data to estimate the model *** indicated that estimates converged to the original parameter values used for the data generation and the error of estimated parameters d_(m1)C_(m0) and K_(ma) were within±10%,±23%,and±25%of the true values,*** procedure was further demonstrated by applying it to estimate the model parameters from real chamber test *** application of the procedure would result in a database of mechanistic source model parameters for assessing the impact of VOC emissions on indoor pollution load,which are essential input data for evaluating the effectiveness of various indoor air quality(IAQ)design and control strategies as well as the energy required for meeting given IAQ requirements.

关键词： building materials volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emission source model indoor air quality building energy efficiency

Soil application of Beauveria bassiana GHA against apple sawfly, Hoplocampa testudinea （Hymenoptera： Tenthredinidae）： Field mortality and fungal persistence

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Insect Science 2016年第6期23卷 854-868页

作者： Weronika Swiergiel nicolai V. Meyling Mario Porcel Birgitta Ramert department of Plant Protection Biology Unit of Integrated Plant Protection Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) AlnarpSweden department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

Low impact alternatives to synthetic insecticides for the control of apple sawfly （Hoplocampa testudinea Klug） are scarce encumbering pest management in organic apple orchards. We investigated the soil persistence and field efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana （Balsamo） Vuillemin （BotaniGard） against apple sawfly under common organic orchard practices. We also assessed the efficacy of B. bassiana GHA and Metarhiziurn brunneum Petch （indigenous strain） against sawfly in the laboratory. Larvae treated with either fungus in the laboratory died faster than control larvae and displayed 49.4%-68.4% mycosis. In the field, B. bassiana density remained high in the week after application, during larval descent to the soil. Fungal density decreased to 25% at 49 d after application and to 0.4% after 55 weeks. Molecular markers revealed that the majority of fungal isolates recovered comprised the applied B. bassiana strain GHA. Larvae pupating in soil cages in the orchard for 49 d displayed 17% mycosis. The high efficacy under laboratory conditions was not seen in the field. B. bassiana application resulted in densities above the upper natural background level during the growing season, but reversion to background levels occurred within a year. It remains to be investigated whether this has a detrimental effect on nontarget organisms. Additional work is needed to bridge the knowledge gap between laboratory and field efficacy in orchards.

关键词： biological control crop protection entomopathogenic fungi integrated pest management Metarhizium organic orchard

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风力机等效载荷的评估

太阳能学报 2008年第12期29卷 1456-1459页

作者：董礼廖明夫 Manin Kuehn nicolai Cosack 西北工业大学旋转机械与风能装置测控研究所西安710072 德国斯图加特大学飞行器设计研究所斯图加特D-70550

通过神经网络建立数学模型,利用 Multibrid M5000风力机实测的运行信号对叶片拍打弯矩、叶片弦向弯矩、塔筒弯矩和塔筒转矩的等效载荷进行了评估。同时分析了不同运行参数对评估效果的影响程度。通过与实测结果比较表明,该方法可以在避... 详细信息

通过神经网络建立数学模型,利用 Multibrid M5000风力机实测的运行信号对叶片拍打弯矩、叶片弦向弯矩、塔筒弯矩和塔筒转矩的等效载荷进行了评估。同时分析了不同运行参数对评估效果的影响程度。通过与实测结果比较表明,该方法可以在避免测试风力机载荷的情况下获得载荷的评估结果,具有较高的精度,可以用来预测风力机的寿命。

关键词：等效载荷神经网络风力机疲劳

Surgical apgar score predicts early complication in transfemoral amputees:Retrospective study of 170 major amputations

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第12期7卷 832-838页

作者： Christian Wied nicolai B Foss Morten T Kristensen Gitte Holm Thomas Kallemose Anders Troelsen department of Orthopedic Surgery Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research-Copenhagen Department of Physical TherapyCopenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Clinical Research Centre Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre

AIM To assess whether the surgical apgar score(SAS) is a prognostic tool capable of identifying patients at risk of major complications following lower extremity amputations *** This was a single-center,retrospective observational cohort study conducted between January 2013 and April 2015. All patients who had either a primary transtibial amputation(TTA) or transfemoral amputation(TFA) conducted at our institution during the study period were assessed for inclusion. All TTA patients underwent a standardized one-stage operative procedure(ad modum Persson amputation) performed approximately 10 cm below the knee joint. All TTA procedures were performedwith sagittal flaps. TFA procedures were performed in one stage with amputation approximately 10 cm above the knee joint,performed with anterior/posterior flaps. Trained residents or senior consultants performed the surgical procedures. The SAS is based on intraoperative heart rate,blood pressure and blood loss. Intraoperative parameters of interest were collected by revising electronic health records. The first author of this study calculated the SAS. data regarding major complications were not revealed to the author until after the calculation of SAS. The SAS results were arranged into four groups(SAS 0-4,SAS 5-6,SAS 7-8 and SAS 9-10). The cohort was then divided into two groups representing low-risk(SAS ≥ 7) and highrisk patients(SAS d threshold. The outcome of interest was the occurrence of major complications and death within 30-d of *** A logistic regression model with SAS 9-10 as a reference showed a significant linear association between lower SAS and more postoperative complications [all patients: OR = 2.00(1.33-3.03),P = 0.001]. This effect was pronounced for TFA [OR = 2.61(1.52-4.47),P d for the high-risk group compared to the low-risk group for all patients [OR = 2.80(1.40-5.61),P = 0.004] and for the TFA sub-

关键词： Surgical apgar score Mortality Transfemoral amputation Post-operative complication Lower extremity amputation

Evaluation of soil erosion risk and identification of soil cover and management factor (C) for RUSLE in European vineyards with different soil management

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第4期8卷 337-353页

作者： M.Biddoccu G.Guzmán G.Capello T.Thielke P.Strauss S.Winter J.G.Zaller A.nicolai d.Cluzeau d.Popescu C.Bunea A.Hoble E.Cavallo J.A.Gómez Institute for Agricultural and Earthmoving Machines(IMAMOTER) National Research Council of Italy(CNR)TorinoItaly Institute for Sustainable Agriculture CSICCordobaSpain Institute for Land and Water Management Research Federal Agency for Water ManagementPetzenkirchenAustria Institute of Plant Protection and Institute of Integrative Nature Conservation Research University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria Institute of Zoology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaViennaAustria UniversitéRennes 1 Station Biologique de PaimpontUMR 6553 EcoBio35380PaimpontFrance SC JIdVEI SRI Research DepartmentJidveiRomania University of Agriculture Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj NapocaRomania

Vineyards show some of the largest erosion rates reported in agricultural areas in *** rates vary considerably under the same land use,since erosion processes are highly affected by climate,soil,topography and by the adopted soil management *** also shows differences in the effect of same conservation practices on reducing soil erosion from conventional,bare soil based,*** Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)is commonly adopted to estimate rates of water erosion on cropland under different forms of land use and management,but it requires proper value of soil cover and management(C)factors in order to obtain a reliable evaluation of local soil erosion *** this study the ORUSCAL(Orchard RUSle CALibration)is used to identify the best calibration strategy against long-term experimental ***,ORUSCAL is used in order to apply the RUSLE technology from farm based information across different European wine-growing *** results suggest that the best strategy for calibration should incorporate the soil moisture sub-factor(Sm)to provide better soil loss *** C factor,whose average values ranged from 0.012 to *** a large spatial variability due to coupling with local climate and specific local *** comparison across the five wine-growing regions indicates that for the soil protection management,permanent cover crop is the best measure for accomplishing sustainable erosion rates across the studied *** and temporary cover crops,that are used in areas of limited water resources to prevent competition with vines,failed to achieve sustainable erosion rates,that still need to be *** raises the need for a careful use of C values developed under different environmental conditions.

关键词： Vineyard Erosion Soil management RUSLE Europe

Tourniquets do not increase the total blood loss or reamputation risk in transtibial amputations

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第1期8卷 62-67页

作者： Christian Wied Peter T Tengberg Gitte Holm Thomas Kallemose nicolai B Foss Anders Troelsen Morten T Kristensen depart-ment of Orthopedic Surgery Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Clinical Research Centre Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Physical Medicine and Rehabilita-tion Research--Copenhagen Department of Physical TherapyCopenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre

AIM To investigate the total blood loss(TBL) and the safety with respect to the re-amputation rate after transtibial amputation(TTA) conducted with and without a tourniquet. METHOdS The study was a single-centre retrospective cohort study of patients with a primary TTA admitted between January 2013 and April 2015. All patients with a primary TTA were assessed for inclusion if the amputation was performed because of arteriosclerosis or diabetic complications. All patients underwent a standardized TTA procedure that was performed approximately 10 cm below the knee joint and performed with sagittalflaps. The pneumatic tourniquet, when used, was inflated around the femur to a pressure of 100 mmH g above the systolic blood pressure. The number of blood transfusions within the first four postoperative days was recorded. The intraoperative blood loss(OBL), which is defined as the volume of blood lost during surgery, was determined from the suction volume and by the weight difference of the surgical dressings. The trigger for a blood transfusion was set at a decrease in the Hgb level dL(6 mmol/L). Transfusions were performed with pooled red blood cells containing 245 m L per portion, which equals 55 g/L of haemoglobin. The TBL during the first four postoperative days was calculated based on the haemoglobin level and the estimated blood volume. The re-amputation rate was evaluated within 30 d. RESULTS Seventy-four out of 86 consecutive patients who underwent TTA within the two-year study period were included in the analysis. Of these, 38 were operated on using a tourniquet and 36 were operated on without using a tourniquet. There were no significant preoperative differences between the groups. The patients in both groups had a postoperative decrease in their Hgb level compared with preoperative baseline values. The patients operated on using a tourniquet received approximately three millilitres less blood transfusion per kilogram body weight compared with patients o

关键词： Total blood loss Intraoperative blood loss Transtibial amputation Lower extremity amputation Pneumatic tourniquet Re-amputation