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yellow^0,a marker for low body weight in Drosophila melanogaster

science China(Life sciences) 2009年第7期52卷 672-682页

作者： Li XinHai & Deng XueMei college of animal science and technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China college of animal science and technology China Agricultural University Beijing China

Marker-assisted selection(MAS) is an important modern breeding technique,but it has been found that the effect of the markers for quantitative trait loci(QTL) is inconsistent,leading in some cases to MAS failure and raising doubts about its *** the model organism Drosophila melanogaster was employed to study whether an effective marker could be found and applied to *** crossed the stock carrying the y0 marker(a recessive mutation allele of the yellow gene on the X chromosome) with three other stocks carrying corresponding wild-type markers in an F2 design,and found that the y0 marker was in significant association with low body weight(P<0.001).This association was consistent across different backgrounds and the marker effects in female and male were approximately 0.95 σP(phenotypic standard deviation) and 0.68 σP,*** next introgressed a fragment via the y0 marker into a wild stock background over 20 generations of marker-assisted introgression(MAI),and constructed the introgression stock y0(OR)20 in which body weight decreased by 13% and 7%,in female and male,respectively,compared to the wild stock(P<0.0001).This indicated that there must be a single QTL for low body weight that is tightly linked to the y0 *** then shortened the introgressed fragment to less than 1.5 cM by a deeper MAI using the y0 marker and the white *** narrower fragment also resulted in a similar decrease in body weight to that induced by y0(OR)20,indicating that the QTL for low body weight is located within this less-than-1.5 cM *** characteristics of the y0 marker by PCR amplification and Southern blotting revealed that yellow gene was deficient in the y0 stock,leading to disappearance of melanin from the cuticle and probably influencing the developmental *** above results confirmed the existence of effective QTL markers applicable to MAS breeding schemes,and their potential application in breeding new stocks.

关键词： Drosophila low body weight yellow quantitative trait loci marker-assisted selection introgression

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Study on Tibetan Chicken embryonic adaptability to chronic hypoxia by revealing differential gene expression in heart tissue

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science China(Life sciences) 2009年第3期52卷 284-295页

作者： LI Mei & ZHAO ChunJiang college of animal science and technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China college of animal science and technology China Agricultural University Beijing China

Oxygen concentration is essential for appropriate *** can exert a significant impact on physiological alteration of the cell and *** Chicken(Gallus gallus) is a Chinese indigenous breed inhabiting in Tibetan areas,which is also a chicken breed living at high altitude for the longest time in the *** has developed an adaptive mechanism to hypoxia,which is demonstrated by that Tibetan Chicken has much higher hatchability than low-land chicken breeds in high-altitude areas of *** the present study,Tibetan Chicken fertilized full sib eggs were incubated up to Hamburger-Hamilton stage 43 under 13% and 21% oxygen concentration,*** Chicken and Dwarf Recessive White Chicken were used as control *** hearts in all of the 3 chicken breeds under hypoxic and normoxic conditions were isolated and hybridized to Genechip Chicken Genome Array to study molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptation to high altitude of Tibetan *** a result,50 transcripts highly expressed in hypoxia are screened *** up-regulated genes,some are involved in the gene ontology(GO) such as cell growth,cell difference,muscle contraction and signal ***,the expression levels of 21 transcripts are lower in hypoxia than those in *** down-regulated genes take part in cell communication,ion transport,protein amino acid phosphorylation and signal ***,gene enrichment analyses of these differential gene expressions are mainly associated with immune system response and ion channel activity in response to ***,the transcriptional expression profiles analyzed by hierarchical clustering and CPP-SOM software in all of the 3 different chicken breeds revealed that Tibetan Chicken is much closely related to Shouguang Chicken rather than Dwarf Recessive White *** addition,12 transcripts of Tibetan Chicken breed-specific expressed genes were identified,which seem to result in a more

关键词： adaptation chronic hypoxia gene chip chicken genome array Tibetan Chicken(Gallus gallus) differential gene expression

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Simulation study on the efficiencies of MOET nucleus breeding schemes applying marker assisted selection in dairy cattle

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science China(Life sciences) 2009年第3期52卷 296-306页

作者： LUO WeiZhen,WANG YaChun & ZHANG Yuan Department of animal Genetics & Breeding,college of animal science and technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094,China Department of animal Genetics & Breeding College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing China

Advantages of breeding schemes using genetic marker information and/or multiple ovulation and embryo transfer(MOET) technology over the traditional approach were extensively evaluated through *** yield was the trait of interest and QTL was the genetic marker *** dairy cattle breeding scenarios were considered,i.e.,traditional progeny testing breeding scheme(denoted as STANPT),GASPT scheme including a pre-selection of young bulls entering progeny testing based on their own QTL information,MOETPT scheme using MOET technology to generate young bulls and a selection of young bulls limited within the full-sib family,GAMOPT scheme adopting both QTL pre-selection and MOET technology,COMBPT scheme using a mixed linear model which considered QTL genotype instead of the BLUP model in GAMOPT,and three non-progeny testing schemes,*** MOET,GAMO and COMB schemes,corresponding to MOETPT,GAMOPT and COMBPT with progeny testing being part of the *** were selected based on their breeding value which was estimated under an animal model *** selection over 17 years was performed in the simulations and 30 replicates were designed for each *** influences of using QTL information and MOET technology on favorable QTL allele frequency,true breeding values,polygenetic breeding values and the accumulated genetic superiority were extensively evaluated,for five different populations including active sires,lactating cows,bull dams,bull sires,and young *** results showed that the combined schemes significantly outperformed other approaches wherein accumulated true breeding value *** difference between schemes exclusively using QTL information or MOET technology was not *** STANPT scheme was the least efficient among the 8 *** schemes using MOET technology had a higher polygenetic response than others in the 17th *** increases of frequency of the favorable QTL allele varied more greatly across t

关键词： dairy cattle marker-assisted selection two-stage selection MOET QTL

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Phosphorus Deficiency in Ducklings

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 1995年第2期2卷 128-134页

作者： Cul Hengmin, Luo Lingping(college of animal science & technology, Sichuan AgriculturalUniversity, Yaan 625000, Sichuan, PRC)

20 one-day-old Tianfu ducklings were fed on a natural diet deficient in phosphorus (Ca 0.80%, P 0.366%) for three weeks and examined for signs and lesions. Signs began to appear at the age of one week, and became serious at two weeks. 13 ducklings died during the experiment. Morbidity was 100% and mortality was 65%. The affected ducklings mainly showed leg weakness, severe lameness, depression, lack of appetite and stunted growth. The serum alkaline phosphatasc activities increased markedly. The scrum phosphorus concentration, tibial ash, ash calcium and phosphorus content decreased obviously. At necropsy, maxillae and ribs were soft, and the latter was crooked. Long bones were soft and broke easily. The hypcrtrophic zone of the growth- plate in the epiphysis of long bones was lengthened and ostcoid tissue increased in the mctaphyseal spongiosa histopathologically. The above mentioned symptoms and lesions could be prevented by adding phosphorus to the natural deficient diet (up to 0.65%). The relationship between lesions and signs, pathomorphological characterisation and pathogcnsis were also discussed in this paper.

关键词： Rickce P-deficiency Signs Lesions Ducklings

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The Effect of Bovine IFN-α on the Immune Response in Guinea Pigs Vaccinated with DNA Vaccine of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2004年第10期36卷 701-706页

作者： Hui-Chen GUO, Zai-Xin LIU*, Shi-Qi SUN, Qing-Wen LENG1, Dong LI, Xiang-Tao LIU, and Qing-Ge XIE* Key Laboratory of animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China college of animal science and technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China 1 Key Laboratory of animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730046 China college of animal science and technology Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832003 China

In this study, we constructed recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/P12X3C3D including P1, 2A, 3C, 3D and part of 2B gene of FMDV and pcDNA3.1/IFN containing the gene encoding bovine IFN-α. We inoculated the DNA vaccine pcDNA3.1/P12X3C3D with or without pcDNA3.1/IFN to evaluate the effi- ciency of this DNA vaccine and the immunogenicity of DNA vaccine enhanced by the co-delivery with pcDNA3.1/IFN. After two times of vaccination with DNA vaccine, all of guinea pigs were challenged with 103 ID50 FMDV type O. Anti-FMDV antibody levels were detected by ELISA and T lymphocyte proliferation response was tested by MTT assay. The result shows that guinea pigs inoculated by pcDNA3.1/P12X3C3D alone or with pcDNA3.1/IFN generated specific antibodies and induced an FMDV-specific T lymphocyte proliferation response. FMDV challenge tests showed that one in four guinea pigs immunized by pcDNA3.1/ P12X3C3D with pcDNA3.1/IFN was protected from the FMDV serotype O infection. This result indicated that the efficiency of the DNA vaccine was enhanced by co-delivery with pcDNA3.1/IFN. However, the protection rate was considerably lower than that immunized with conventional FMD vaccine.

关键词： foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) DNA vaccine IFN-α gene vaccination

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Expression of the Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) hsp83 gene and its relation to oogenesis during ovarian maturation

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2010年第8期37卷 513-522页

作者： Jingjing Xu 1, Juan Shu 1, Qin Zhang Key Laboratory of animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, college of animal science and technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China Key Laboratory of animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Heat shock proteins （HSP） can protect organisms and cells from thermal damage. In this study, we cloned the full length cDNA encoding the HSP83 protein （the homologue of HSP90） of Tribolium castaneum（red flour beetle）. The isolated cDNA contains the full coding sequence, a partial 5＇ untranslated region of 55 bp and the complete 3＇ untranslated region. We found the hsp83 gene is located on chromosome 5 of the T. castaneum genome. The predicted HSP83 protein sequence has a high similarity （on average 86.77%） with that of other insect species. The expression of the hsp83 gene in the whole body and in the ovary could be induced with heat stress （40℃ for 1 h） in newly hatched （within 3 h post emergence） and mature （10 days post emergence） beetles. Under normal conditions, the hsp83 expression in the ovary is about 3-fold higher than in the whole body at both stages. No significant difference in hsp83 expression was observed between the two ovarian developmental stages regardless if the beetles were treated with heat shock or not. The expression of the HSP83 protein in the whole body could also be induced with heat stress in newly hatched and mature beetles. However, in the ovary, HSP83 was only expressed in the follicle cells of mature beetles and not in newly hatched beetles, regardless if the beetles were treated with heat shock or not. Furthermore, the females were not able to produce mature oocytes after knock-down of the hsp83 expression by injecting dsRNA. These results suggest that the HSP83 protein is involved in protection against heat stress and could be involved in oogenesis during ovarian maturation of T. castaneum.

关键词： hsp83 cDNA cloning Tribolium castaneum expression heat shock

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Neuroglobin mutation associated with hypoxia adaptation in Tibet chicken

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1419-1424页

作者： Zhang Lifan1, Liu Chong2, Lian Linsheng3, Zhao Chunjiang1, Bao Haigang1 and Wu Changxin1(1. college of animal science and technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 2. college of Biological science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 3. college of animal science and technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China) college of animal science and technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China college of Biological science China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China college of animal science and technology Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650201 China

Globin protein family plays an important role in storing and transporting oxygen. As a newly reported globin, the revealed function of neuroglobin includes binding and storing oxygen as well as facilitating the utilization of oxygen in neuronal cells. In the present study, mutations in exons of chicken Ngb gene were identified with the method of sequencing and created restriction site PCR in Tibet chicken and other four lowland chicken breeds. The mutations of Lys-2224(E4)-Asn and Ser-2279(E4)-Gly were identified in exon 4 of the gene. The Lys-2224(E4)-Asn mutation existed only in Tibet chicken and the mutation frequencies increased with increasing altitude. Analysis of the haplotype and diplotype of the two mutations in Tibet chicken populations of different altitudes showed that the frequencies of TG haplotype and TTGG diplotype also increased with increasing altitude, while the reverse tendency was found on GGAA diplotype. Under the hypoxic simulation incubation, the main haplotype was TG in living embryos and GA in dead embryos. The results showed that the Lys-2224(E4)-Asn mutation may be a specific mutation associated with hypoxia adaptation in Tibet chicken.

关键词： Tibet chicken neuroglobin hypoxia adaptation Ngb gene mutation.

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Epistatic effect between ACACA and FABP2 gene on abdominal fat traits in broilers

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2010年第8期37卷 505-512页

作者： Guo Hu 1, Shouzhi Wang 1, Jianwei Tian, Lili Chu, Hui Li college of animal science and technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China college of animal science and technology Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China

Epistasis is generally defined as the interaction between two or more genes or their mRNA or protein products to influence a single trait. Experimental evidence suggested that epistasis could be important in the determination of the genetic architecture of complex traits in domestic animals. Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha （ACACA） and fatty acid binding protein 2 （FABP2） are both key factors of lipogenesis and transport. They may play a crucial role in the weight variability of abdominal adipose tissue in the growing chicken. In this study, the polymorphisms of c.2292G〉A in A CA CA and c.-561A〉C in FABP2 were detected among individuals from two broiler lines which were divergently selected for abdominal fat content. Epistasis between the two SNPs on abdominal fat weight （AFW） and ab- dominal fat percentage （AFP） was analyzed. The additive x additive epistatic components between these two SNPs were found significant or suggestively significant on both AFW and AFP in lean lines of the 9th and 10th generation; whereas, it was not significantly associated with either AFW or AFP in fat lines. At the same time, there were not any other significant epistatic components found in both generations or in both lines. Significant epistatic effects between these two SNPs found only in the lean lines could partly be due to the fact that the abdominal fat traits in these two experimental lines have been greatly modified by strong artificial selection. The results suggested that the epistasis mode may be different between the lean and fat chicken lines. Our results could be helpful in further understanding the genetic interaction between candidate genes contributing to phenotypic variation of abdominal fat content in broilers.

关键词： chicken fatness epistasis ACACA FABP2 QTL

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Cloning and Identification of Porcine SMPX Differentially Expressed in F1 Crossbreds and Their Parents

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2006年第11期38卷 753-758页

作者： Zhu-Qing REN Yuan-Zhu XIONG* Chang-Yan DENG Ming-Gang LEI Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Swine Breeding and Genetics,college of animal science and technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of Swine Breeding and Genetics College of Animal Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070 China

In order to investigate porcine heterosis on the molecular basis,Large White (L),a Europeanpurebred,and Meishan (M),a Chinese indigenous purebred,were hybridized directly and reciprocally toproduce F1 hybrids,Large White×Meishan (LM) and Meishan×Large White (ML) *** mRNAdifferential display,we found an expression sequence tag (EST) differentially expressed in F1 hybrids andtheir parents,designated as EST55,which was homologous to human and murine skeletal muscle protein(SMPX),and the full-length cDNA of porcine SMPX was cloned by the rapid amplification of cDNA end(RACE) *** of the mRNA transcript revealed an open reading frame (ORF) of 86 aminoacid residues encoding a nuclear location signal peptide,two overlapping casein kinase Ⅱ phosphorylationsites and one N-glycosylation site with theoretical molecular weight of 9.3 *** analysis revealedthat the deduced protein sequence shared 94%,83% and 78% homology with that of its human,mouse andrat counterparts,*** transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showedthat it was expressed predominantly in skeletal and heart muscles,whereas at a moderate level in backfat,spleen,stomach and uterus *** single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs),located in 5′- and 3′-untranslated region (UTR),respectively,were identified by PCR and *** tree and thesecondary structure prediction were also *** possible relationship between porcine SMPX andheterosis was discussed.

关键词： skeletal muscle protein pig mRNA differential display expression pattern

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A five-fold pig bacterial artificial chromosome library:a resource for positional cloning and physical mapping

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2006年第8期16卷 889-892页

作者： LIU Wei, ZHANG Ying, LIU Zhaoliang, GUO Li, WANG Xiaobo, FEI Jing, FENG Jidong, ZHAO Rui, HU Xiaoxiang and LI Ning (The State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, college of Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China college of animal science and technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China) The State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology College of Biology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China college of animal science and technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China

A pig BAC library was constructed with genomic DNA from a male Erhualian pig. After partial digestion with HindⅢor BamHⅠthe fragments obtained were cloned into the pBeloBAC11 vector. The library consists of 184320 clones which stored in 480 pieces 384-well plates (20 plates per superpool). A two-step 4-dimension PCR screening system was established to screen the positive clones. An average insert size of 128 kb was estimated from 105 randomly isolated clones, which indicates that the library is more than five times of genomic coverage. For the demonstration of the probability to pick out any unique genes or DNA markers from the library, 10 single-copy genes were screened out and the positive clones were yielded between 1 and 8 with an average of 3.6. Positive superpools were obtained for 32 microsatellite markers selected from different regions of pig genome. The number of positive superpools for each marker varies from 1 to 9 with an average of 4.78. This BAC library provides an additional resource for pig physical mapping and gene identifica-

关键词： pig BAC library PCR screening system.

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