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模型选择和假设导致的臭氧相关性气候变化健康效应的变异

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环境与职业医学 2013年第2期30卷 147-147页

作者： Ellen S.Post Anne grambsch Chris Weaver Philip Morefield Jin Huang Lai-Yung Leung christopher g.nolte Peter Adams Xin-Zhong Liang Jin-Hong Zhu Hardee Mahoney

[背景]未来的气候变化可能通过气候引起的气象、大气化学以及空气中排放物的变化造成空气质量下降。很少有研究针对气候变化、空气质量与人类健康的潜在关系建立明确的模型,而基于选择的模型的估计值敏感度的研究则更少。[目的]评估用... 详细信息

[背景]未来的气候变化可能通过气候引起的气象、大气化学以及空气中排放物的变化造成空气质量下降。很少有研究针对气候变化、空气质量与人类健康的潜在关系建立明确的模型,而基于选择的模型的估计值敏感度的研究则更少。[目的]评估用于估计气候变化带来臭氧(O3)相关的人类健康影响的关键模型选择的灵敏度。[方法]分析了7个模型系统,其中气候变化模型被联系到空气质量模型、5项人口预测值以及多个浓度的响应函数。采用美国环境保护署(EPA)的环境效益描述和分析程序(BenMAP),作者估算了根据给定的每一组选择模型的组合,模拟了2000年到大约2050年之间的气候变化给美国带来的臭氧相关的未来健康影响。作者选用的健康效应和浓度响应函数与美国环保署2008年对国家环境空气质量标准规定的O3浓度的监管影响分析中所采用的函数相匹配。[结果]不同方法学选择的组合估计的气候变化导致的臭氧相关的全国死亡人数范围从减少大约600人死亡到增加2500人死亡(尽管大多数情况是增加死亡)。气候变化及空气质量模型的选择反映了不确定性的最大来源,其他模型选择的影响较小,但仍然具有相当大的影响。[结论]要强调使用整合方法,而不是依赖于任何一组模型选择,来评估气候变化造成的、臭氧相关的人类健康影响的潜在风险。

关键词：气候变化死亡率臭氧人口预测敏感性分析

Retzius-sparing robotic radical prostatectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第2期22卷 149-151页

作者： christopher g Eden Department of Urology The Royal Surrey County HospitalGuildford GU27XXUK

Traditional approach to the prostate during radical prostatectomy(RP)when performed by open,laparoscopic,or robotic means has been from its anterior aspect first and has involved suture ligation and division of the dorsal vein complex(DVC),division of the puboprostatic ligaments,and incision of the endopelvic fascia on either side of the *** steps are necessary to liberate the prostate from its surrounding attachments,even though concern has always existed about the likely association between disruption of these structures and postprostatectomy incontinence(PPI).Although perineal prostatectomy leaves these structures intact,it has failed to become widely accepted because of the small incidence of postoperative fecal incontinence and the difficulty in performing a pelvic lymphadenectomy(PLND)when this is indicated.

关键词： robotic radical steps

mTORC1 signaling:what we still don’t know

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2011年第4期3卷 206-220页

作者： Xuemin Wang christopher g.Proud School of Biological Sciences Life Sciences BuildingUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK

The mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)is a protein kinase that plays key roles in cellular *** forms complexes with additional *** best-understood one is mTOR complex 1(mTORC1).The regulation and cellular functions of mTORC1 have been the subjects of intense study;despite this,many questions remain to be *** include questions about the actual mechanisms by which mTORC1 signaling is stimulated by hormones and growth factors,which involves the small gTPase Rheb,and by amino acids,which involves other gTPase *** control of Rheb and the mechanism by which it activates mTORC1 remain incompletely *** it has been known for many years that rapamycin interferes with some functions of mTORC1,it is not known how it does this,or why only some functions of mTORC1 are ***1 regulates diverse cellular *** mTORC1 substrates are now known,although in several cases their physiological roles are poorly or incompletely *** the case of several processes,although it is clear that they are regulated by mTORC1,it is not known how mTORC1 does ***,mTORC1 is implicated in ageing,but again it is unclear what mechanisms account for *** the importance of mTORC1 signaling both for cellular functions and in human disease,it is a high priority to gain further insights into the control of mTORC1 signaling and the mechanisms by which it controls cellular functions and animal physiology.

关键词： mTORC1 protein synthesis cell signaling transcription cell growth autophagy metabolism

Modeling the impact of climate change on sediment transport and morphology in coupled watershed-coast systems:A case study using an integrated approach

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2014年第3期29卷 304-315页

作者： Achilleas g.SAMARAS christopher g KOUTITAS Research Fellow CIRI-ECFluid Dynamics Research UnitUniversity of BolognaVia del Lazzaretto 15/5Bologna 40131Italy Department of Civil Engineering Aristotle University of ThessalonikiUniversity Campus

Climate change is an issue of major concern *** impact on the natural and human environment is studied intensively,as the expected shift in climate will be significant in the next few *** experience shows that the effects will be critical in coastal areas,resulting in erosion and inundation phenomena *** addition to that,coastal areas are subject to "pressures" from upstream watersheds in terms of water quality and sediment *** present paper studies the impact of climate change on sediment transport and morphology in the aforementioned coupled *** study regards a sandy coast and its upstream watershed in Chalkidiki,North greece;it is based on:(a)an integrated approach for the quantitative correlation of the two through numerical modeling,developed by the authors,and(b)a calibrated application of the relevant models Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)and PELNCON-M,applied to the watershed and the coastal zone,*** examined climate change scenarios focus on a shift of the rainfall distribution towards fewer and more extreme rainfall events,and an increased frequency of occurrence of extreme wave *** indicate the significance of climatic pressures in wide-scale sediment dynamics,and are deemed to provide a useful perspective for researchers and policy planners involved in the study of coastal morphology evolution in a changing climate.

关键词： Climate change Sediment transport Coastal morphology Integrated approach Numerical modeling

Neighboring optimal control for periodic tasks for systems with discontinuous dynamics

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2011年第3期54卷 653-663页

作者： ATKESON christopher g. Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University

We propose a trajectory-based optimal control method for periodic tasks for systems with discontinuous dynamics. A general method, dynamic programming, suffers from the problem of dimensionality. We use local models of the optimal control law to construct a local controller. We combine a parametric trajectory optimization method and differential dynamic programming (DDP) to find the optimal periodic trajectory in a periodic task. By formulating the optimal control problem with an infinite time horizon, DDP generates time-invariant local models of the optimal control law. For DDP, the value function at dynamics discontinuities is approximated by a second order Taylor series. The utility of the proposed method is evaluated using simu- lated walking control of a five-link biped robot. The results show lower torques and more robustness from the proposed controller than a PD servo controller.

关键词： trajectory optimization differential dynamic programming optimal control biped walking control

Constructing a taxonomy to support multi-document summarization of dissertation abstracts

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第11期6卷 1258-1267页

作者： KHOO christopher S.g. gOH Dion H. Division of Information Studies School of Communication & Information Nanyang Technological University 639798 SingaporeDivision of Information Studies School of Communication & Information Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore

This paper reports part of a study to develop a method for automatic multi-document summarization. The current focus is on dissertation abstracts in the field of sociology. The summarization method uses macro-level and micro-level discourse structure to identify important information that can be extracted from dissertation abstracts, and then uses a variable-based framework to integrate and organize extracted information across dissertation abstracts. This framework focuses more on research concepts and their research relationships found in sociology dissertation abstracts and has a hierarchical structure. A taxonomy is constructed to support the summarization process in two ways：（1） helping to identify important concepts and relations expressed in the text, and （2） providing a structure for linking similar concepts in different abstracts. This paper describes the variable-based framework and the summarization process, and then reports the construction of the taxonomy for supporting the summarization process. An example is provided to show how to use the constructed taxonomy to identify important concepts and integrate the concepts extracted from different abstracts.

关键词： Text summarization Automatic multi-document summarization Variable-based framework Digital library

Substrate mediated dissolution of redox active nanoparticles;electron transfer over long distances

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 429-437页

作者： Ruo-Chen Xie christopher Batchelor-McAuley Minjun Yang Richard g.Compton Department of Chemistry Physical and Theoretical Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford OXl 3QZUK

Reflective dark field microscopy is used to observe the decrease in the light scattered from Ag nanoparticles immobilised on differing solid *** nanoparticles are exposed to solutions containing halide ions,both at open circuit and under potentiostatic control,leading to the loss of the *** coupling optical and electrochemical techniques the physical origin of this transformation is demonstrated to be the electrochemical dissolution of the metal nanoparticles driven by electron transfer to ultra-trace dissolved *** dissolution kinetics of the surface-supported metal nanoparticles is compared on four substrate materials(i.e.,glass,indium titanium oxide,glassy carbon and platinum)with different electrical *** three conductive substrates catalyse the redox-driven dissolution of Ag nanoparticles with the electrons transferred from the nanoparticles,via the macroscopic electrode to the dioxygen electron acceptor.

关键词： substrate electrocatalysis oxidative dissolution metal nanoparticles optical microscopy electrochemistry

Subpopulations of regulatory T cells are associated with subclinical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 288-296,I0002页

作者： Tim Böttrich Pascal Bauer Vincent gröβer Magdalena Huber Hartmann Raifer Torsten Frech Svenja nolte Theresa Dombrowski Franz Cemic Natascha Sommer Robert Ringseis Klaus Eder Karsten Krüger christopher Weyh Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy Institute of Sports ScienceJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Department of Cardiology and Angiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Institute for Systems Immunology Center for Tumor und ImmunologyMarburg 35032Germany TH Mittelhessen Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Department of Internal Medicine Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Giessen 35394Germany Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI) Justus-Liebig UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35390Germany

Background:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological basis for the development of cardiovascular *** pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the subclinical stage plays an important role for initiating early *** is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of ***,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their subsets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without subclinical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated ***:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking *** of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were ***,tests were conducted to assess blood lipids and determine glucose *** of Tregs and their subtypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed by 8-chanel flow *** were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque *** and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between ***:SAP was detected in a total of 29 *** participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic blood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized by a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Elderly Regulatory T cells Subclinical atherosclerosis

A high-throughput screening assay for eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase inhibitors

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2016年第6期6卷 557-563页

作者： Ting Xiao Rui Liu christopher g.Proud Ming-Wei Wang The National Center for Drug Screening and the CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Pharmacy Medical College of Nanchang University Center for Biological Sciences Life Sciences Building University of Southampton South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute

Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) inhibitors may aid in the development of new therapeutic agents to combat cancer. Purified human eEF2K was obtained from an Escherichia coli expression system and a luminescence-based high-throughput screening (HTS) assay was developed using MH-1 peptide as the substrate. The luminescent readouts correlated with the amount of adenosine triphosphate remaining in the kinase reaction. This method was applied to a large-scale screening campaign against a diverse compound library and subsequent confirmation studies. Nine initial hits showing inhibitory activities on eEF2K were identified from 56,000 synthetic compounds during the HTS campaign, of which, five were chosen to test their effects in cancer cell lines. (C) 2016 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND

关键词： eEF2K Inhibito High-throughput screening Luminescenc MH-1 peptide