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Assessment of soil erosion in the Irga watershed on the eastern edge of the Chota Nagpur Plateau,India

Regional Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 54-68页

作者： Ratan pal Buddhadev HEMBRAM Narayan chandra JANA Department of Geography the University of BurdwanWest Bengal-713104India

Human activities to improve the quality of life have accelerated the natural rate of soil *** turn,these natural disasters have taken a great impact on *** activities,particularly the conversion of vegetated land into agricultural land and built-up area,stand out as primary contributors to soil *** present study investigated the risk of soil erosion in the Irga watershed located on the eastern fringe of the Chota Nagpur Plateau in Jharkhand,India,which is dominated by sandy loam and sandy clay loam soil with low soil organic carbon(SOC)*** study used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)and Geographical Information System(GIS)technique to determine the rate of soil *** five parameters(rainfall-runoff erosivity(R)factor,soil erodibility(K)factor,slope length and steepness(LS)factor,cover-management(C)factor,and support practice(P)factor)of the RUSLE were applied to present a more accurate distribution characteristic of soil erosion in the Irga *** result shows that the R factor is positively correlated with rainfall and follows the same distribution pattern as the *** K factor values in the northern part of the study area are relatively low,while they are relatively high in the southern *** mean value of the LS factor is 2.74,which is low due to the flat terrain of the Irga *** is a negative linear correlation between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)and the C factor,and the high values of the C factor are observed in places with low *** mean value of the P factor is 0.210,with a range from 0.000 to *** calculating all parameters,we obtained the average soil erosion rate of 1.43 t/(hm^(2)•a),with the highest rate reaching as high as 32.71 t/(hm^(2)•a).Therefore,the study area faces a low risk of soil ***,preventative measures are essential to avoid future damage to productive and constructive activities caused by soil *** study also ident

关键词： Soil erosion Soil organic carbon Rainfall-runoff erosivity factor Soil erodibility factor Slope length and steepness factor Cover-management factor Support practice factor Irga watershed

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Comparative study of the results of compound tibial shaft fractures treated by Ilizarov ring fixators and limb reconstruction system fixators

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2015年第6期18卷 347-351页

作者： chandra prakash pal Harish Kumar Deepak Kumar K.S. Dinkar Vivek Mittal Naveen Kumar Singh Department of Orthopaedics S. N. Medical College AgTa Uttar Pradesh 282002 India

Purpose： llizarov ring fixator and limb reconstruction system （LRS） fixators have been used in the management of complex tibial fractures with severe soft tissue injuries, compound tibial fractures, and infected tibial nonunion for which conventional internal fixation cannot be contemplated. Fracture union and distraction osteogenesis can be done simultaneously with these external fixators, allowing early weight bearing. Several previous studies have shown almost equal results of rail and ring fixators for the compound tibial shaft fractures. Thus we performed a prospective study to evaluate the union rate, functional outcome and amount of limb lengthening after the treatment of compound tibial shaft fractures with or without infected nonunion by ring or LRS fixators. Methods： This prospective study was done at Sarojini Naidu Medical College and Hospital, Agra, India and included 32 patients of compound tibial shaft fractures with or without infected nonunion. There were 26 males and 6 females and the average age was 40 years. Patients were randomly divided into two groups （n - 16 for each）： one underwent llizarov fixation and the other received LRS fixation. Cases were followed up for 3-24 months, 6 months on average from September 2012 to October 2014. Functional and radiological outcomes were assessed using the Association for the Study and Application of Methods of llizarov （ASAMI） criteria for both rail and ring fixators. Results： Union was achieved in all cases. Radiological outcome was found excellent in 68.75%, good in 18.75% and fair in 12.50% of cases treated by rail fixators whereas it was excellent in 56.25%, good in 18.75%, fair in 12.50% and poor in 12.50% of cases treated by ring fixators. Functional result was satis- factory in 75.00% of cases treated by rail fixator and 68.75% of cases treated by ring fixators whereas the corresponding rate of unsatisfactory was 25.00% vs. 31.25%. Conclusion： In our short-term assessment, LRS fixators show a better

关键词： Limb reconstruction system fixators Ring fixators Distraction osteogenesis ASAMI criteria

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Helicobacter pylori isolated from gastric juice have higher pathogenic potential than biopsy isolates

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 34-37页

作者： Budhadev Baral Dharmendra Kashyap Nidhi Varshney Tarun prakash Verma Ajay Kumar Jain Debi Chatterji Vinod Kumar Amit Mishra Awanish Kumar Hem chandra Jha Infection Bioengineering Group Department of Biosciences and Biomedical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology IndoreSimrolIndoreMadhya Pradesh 453552India Choithram Hospital and Research Center IndoreMadhya Pradesh452014India Department of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology IndoreSimrolIndoreMadhya Pradesh 453552India Department of Bioscience&Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology JodhpurNH 65 Nagaur RoadJodhpur DistrictKarwarRajasthan 342037India Department of Biotechnology National Institute of Technology RaipurGE RoadRaipurChhattisgarh 492010India

Persistent gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori(***)is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer(GC).*** is prevalent in about 50%world's population,while it causes cancer in less than 2%of exposed individuals.1 Our studies found that *** infection can induce oncogenic properties in AGS cells by deregulating multiple factors associated with the cell cycle,apoptosis,and other important events associated with cancer progression.

关键词： H.pylori pylori Helicobacter

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Correlation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio to severity of coronary artery disease and in-hospital clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A prospective observational study

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Journal of Acute Disease 2024年第1期13卷 14-19页

作者： Vinodhkumar Kandibendla GThiruvikrama prakash Subash chandra Bose Prafull Dhewle Department of Cardiology Prakriya HospitalsNagasandraBangloreIndia Department of Cardiology E.S.HospitalVillupuramTamil NaduIndia Department of Cardiology Government Medical CollegeAnanthapuramuAndhra PradeshIndia Department of Cardiology Shrikrishna Hrudayalaya HospitalNagpurMaharashtraIndia

Objective:To explore correlation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)to severity of coronary artery disease(CAD)and in-hospital clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Methods:In this prospective and observational study,we recruited 500 patients with *** all the eligible patients,demographic details were collected,and laboratory parameters were *** CAD severity was evaluated in terms of the number of involved *** NLR was calculated based on neutrophils and lymphocytes and the correlation of various risk factors and severity and outcome of CAD was ***:77.2%of Patients was male,and 52%of the patients aged between 55-70 *** on the type of ACS,396 out of 500 patients had ST-elevation myocardial *** ascending trend in the white blood cell levels and NLR value was noted as the severity of the ACS increased and the highest white blood cell levels and NLR was noted among classⅣ*** mean NLR value among the non-survivors were higher compared to the survivors(9.52±5.72 vs.4.76±2.36;P<0.01).Receiver operating curve showed that the cut-off NLR value was 5.76 with a sensitivity of 75.0%and a specificity of 77.3%.Conclusions:The NLR can be used as an independent prognostic marker in *** elevated NLR value serves as a reliable predictor for short-term complications,notably in-hospital mortality.

关键词： Acute coronary syndrome Coronary artery disease Coronary vessels Hospital mortality Lymphocytes Neutrophils Prognosis Risk factors

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Extreme exposure of fluoride and arsenic contamination in shallow coastal aquifers of the Ganges delta,transboundary of the Indo-Bangladesh region

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 286-303页

作者： Dipankar Ruidas Subodh chandra pal Tanmoy Biswas Asish Saha Abu Reza Md.Towfiqul Islam Department of Geography The University of BurdwanPurba BardhamanWest Bengal 713104India Department of Disaster Management Begum Rokeya UniversityRangpur 5400Bangladesh Department of Development Studies Daffodil International UniversityDhaka 1216Bangladesh

Globally,shallow aquifer groundwater(GW)has been severely affected in recent decades for both geogenic and anthropogenic *** hydro-geochemical characteristics of the GW change inconsistently with the addition of unwanted inorganic trace elements into the GW aquifer of the Indo-Bangladesh delta region(IBDR),such as arsenic(As)along with fluoride(F-)*** GW can have a negative impact on drinking water supplies and agricultural *** pollution can have serious adverse effects on the environment and human ***,the GW quality of this region is deteriorating progressively,and human health threatening by various life-threatening ***,the current study concentrated on the GW quality evaluation and prediction of possible health issues in the IBDR due to elevated contamination of As along with F-within GW aquifers by considering sixteen *** survey-based statistical methods such as entropy quality index(EWQI)combined with health risk index(HRI)was implemented for evaluating the As and F-sensitivity with the help of correlation testing and principal component *** study's outcome explains that a substantial portion of the IBDR has been vastly experiencing inferior GW quality,environmental issues,and health-related problems in dry and wet seasons,correspondingly for As and *** diagram verified the suitability of water that almost 55%of GW across the study area’s aquifers are unfit for drinking as well as cultivation of *** analysis and the Monte Carlo simulation method were also applied to assess the contaminant's concentration level and probable health risk *** present study concludes that the elevated exposure of As and F-pollution has to be monitored regularly and prevent unwanted GW contamination through implementing sustainable approaches and policies to fulfil the sustainable development goal 6(SDG-6)till 2030,ensuring the most basic human right of clean,safe,and hy

关键词： Indo-Bangladesh delta Entropy quality index Health risk index Monte Carlo simulation SDG-6

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Forest structure and anthropogenic pressures in the Pachmarhi biosphere reserve of India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第4期26卷 867-874页

作者： chandra prakash Kala Ecosystem & Environment Management Indian Institute of Forest Management

A critical first step in establishing biosphere reserves--under the Man and Biosphere Programme of UNESCO--is to generate baseline information for future courses of action. The present study aims to assess the structure and composition of forests--along with anthro- pogenic pressures mounting on these forests in the buffer zone of one such biosphere reserves--the Pachmarhi bio- sphere reserve of India. The quadrat method was employed for sampling vegetation, and information on anthropogenic pressures was collected by conducting interviews with local people and forest officials and collecting it from secondary sources. A total of 39 tree species were sampled in 82 quadrats; of these 26 tree species were in standing stage, 25 in sapling, and 35 in seedling. Chloroxylon swi- etenia emerged as the most dominant tree species having highest importance value index, followed by Tectona grandis, Terminalia tomentosa, and Hardwickia binata. Nine tree species and their saplings, including Sterculia urens and Terminalia arjuna, were exploited so badly that they were only found in the seedlings stage. The unavail- ability of standing trees of 12 important tree species including Aegle marmelos and Phyllanthus emblicaindicates the intensity and gravity of anthropogenic pres- sures on these important tree species. If the present anthropogenic pressure continues, which has inhibited the regeneration of several tree species, then substantial neg- ative ecological and societal consequences can be expected.

关键词： Pachmarhi biosphere reserve Tropicalforest Forest composition Forest structure Regeneration Anthropogenic pressures

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Downstream Decreasing Channel Capacity of a Monsoon-dominated Bengal Basin River: A Case Study of Dwarkeswar River, Eastern India

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第5期30卷 900-920页

作者： MALIK Sadhan pal Subodh chandra Department of Geography University of BurdwanBurdwan 713104West BengalIndia

Downstream changes in channel morphology and flow over the ephemeral Dwarkeswar River in the western part of the Bengal Basin, eastren India were investigated. The river stretches from the Proterozoic Granite Gneiss Complex to the recent Holocene alluvium, forming three distinctive geomorphological regions across the river basin: the pediplane and upper and lower alluvial areas. Sixty cross-sections from throughout the main trunk stream were surveyed and the bankfull width, depth, cross-sectional area, and maximum depth were measured. Sediment samples from each location were studied and the flow velocity, stream power, Manning’s roughness coefficient, and shear stress were estimated. The results show that the bankfull channel cross-section area, width, width-to-depth ratio, and channel capacity increased between the beginning and middle of the river. Thereafter, the size of the river started to decrease in the lower alluvial area. This was characterized by gentle gradients, cohesive bank materials with grass cover, and channel switching. Within the lower part of the river, the channel capacity was observed to diminish as the drainage area increased. This increased the bankfull flow frequency and accelerated large floodwater losses in the floodplain via overbank flows and floodways.

关键词： bankfull channel width bankfull discharge Dwarkeswar River flat alluvial plain channel degradation overbank flow and flood

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Mitigating People-Park Conflicts on Resource Use through Ecotourism:A Case of the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve,Indian Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第1期8卷 87-95页

作者： chandra prakash KALA Rakesh Kumar MAIKHURI Ecosystem and Environment Management Indian Institute of Forest Management G.B.Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development Post.

Eeotourism aims to deliver the philosophy of sustainable development through environmental conservation as well as socio-economic development. Areas with rich biodiversity and scenic beauty, like the Indian Himalayan region, have been one of the major destination centers for nature lovers from historical time. In view of conserving the rich biodiversity and natural heritage of the Himalayan region 92 protected areas have been set aside, of these Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve （NDBR） is a well known world heritage site. Over a period of time establishing NDBR has invited conficts between the local people and reserve authorities on the management approaches and utilization criteria of the natural resources, especially banning the traditional bio-resource collection rights of local community, expeditions, trekking, and other anthropogenic activities in the core zones. The present study aims to understand and analyze the various people - park conflicts, and also to suggest ways to mitigate such conflicts in view of biodiversity conservation and improvement of economic status of local people by promoting eeotourism. With this view the study further discusses the various aspects of eeotourism, its pros and cons, and the avenues of developing appropriate strategies for promotion of ecotourism in buffer zone areas of NDBR.

关键词： Eeo-tourism Indian Himalaya NandaDevi Biosphere Reserve Nature conservation People-park conflicts

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Hybrid fuzzy-grey-Taguchi based multi weld quality optimization of Al/Cu dissimilar friction stir welded joints

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Advances in Manufacturing 2016年第3期4卷 237-247页

作者： prakash Kumar Sahu Kanchan Kumari Sukhomay pal Surjya K. pal Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal 721302India

Nowadays aluminum alloys substitute copper in various applications for weight reduction and cost savings. This paper presents fuzzy-grey Taguchi technique for optimization of friction stir welding condition with seven weld quality attributes of dissimilar A1/Cu joints with the minimum number of experiments for effective productivity and product quality. Taguchi＇s L16 orthogonal array was used to conduct the experiments. Fuzzy inference system was adapted to convert the multi quality characteristics into an equivalent single quality parameter which was opti- mized by Taguchi approach. Four parameters namely, rotational speed of the tool, welding speed, plunging depth and tool pin offset were varied in four levels for investi- gating the effects on the process output like tensile strength, compressive strength, percentage of elongation, bending angle, weld bead thickness and average hardness at the nugget zone. The hardness profile is consistent with the variation of the structure within the nugget zone （NZ）. Confirmation experiment was conducted using predicted optimum parameter setting and it showed that the proposed approach could efficiently optimize weld quality parame- ters. The microstructural analyses were also performed for all the zones of the joints at both Al and Cu sides. It revealed the finer grain size at the NZ compared to the base material due to dynamic recrystallization.

关键词： Dissimilar friction stir welding - Grey relational analysis. Fuzzy inference system Multi-response optimization Mechanical properties Microstructural analysis

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Oxygen Fugacity and Water Activity during Thermal Peak and Retrogression of Granulites around the Sarvapuram Area, Karimnagar Granulite Terrane, Andhra Pradesh, India

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第6期93卷 1900-1908页

作者： P.chandra SINGH D.prakash Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyPowaiMumbai400076India Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi221005India

The investigated area around Sarvapuram represents a part of the Karimnagar granulite terrane of the Eastern Dharwar Craton, India. Garnet–bearing gneiss is hosted as enclaves, pods within granite gneiss and charnockite. It is largely made up of garnet, orthopyroxene, cordierite, biotite, plagioclase, K–feldspar, sillimanite and quartz. The peak metamorphic stage is represented by the equilibrium mineral assemblage i.e. garnet, orthopyroxene, cordierite, biotite, plagioclase, sillimanite and quartz. Breakdown of the garnet as well as preservation of the orthopyroxene–cordierite symplectite, formation of cordierite with the consumption of the garnet + sillimanite + quartz represents the decompressional event. The thermobarometric calculations suggest a retrograde P–T path with a substantial decompression of c. 3.0 kbar. The water activity(XH2 O) conditions obtained with the win TWQ program for core and symplectite compositions from garnet–bearing gneiss are 0.07–0.14 and 0.11–0.16 respectively. The quantitative estimation of oxygen fugacity in garnet–bearing gneiss reveal log f O2 values ranging from-11.38 to-14.05. This high oxidation state could be one of the reasons that account for the absence of graphite in these rocks.

关键词： metamorphic conditions oxygen fugacity water activity garnet–bearing gneisses Karimnagar granulite terrane India

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