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Like or dislike:Response of rodents to the odor of plant secondary metabolites

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 428-436页

作者： Sabine c.HANSEN caroline STOLTER christian IMHOLT Jens jacob Julius-Kühn Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests Vertebrate ResearchMünsterGermany University Hamburg Biocenter Grindel and Zoological MuseumHamburgGermany

Rodents,including common voles(Microtus arvalis)and house mice(Mus musculus)cause immense pre-harvest and post-harvest ***,developing methods that mitigate these losses while maintaining their role in ecosystems is a *** plant secondary metabolites(PSM)which significantly reduce food intake of both species under laboratory conditions have been ***,before these can be used in rodent pest management,they must be tested under more natural conditions where other food sources are *** this study,the odors of 4 PSMs were evaluated for their repellent effects in experiments conducted in semi-natural *** treated with PSMs or untreated soil(experimental control)was placed in an underground box containing food(rolled oats).We quantified the number of visits to each box and could demonstrate that all 4 PSMs reduced the number of visits to treatment boxes in both rodent *** common voles the combination of methyl nonyl ketone+black pepper oil was the most repellent *** mice made fewer visits to all PSM boxes;boxes with the anthraquinone were visited ***,house mice consumed less food from boxes containing soil treated with all 4 *** results suggest that PSMs are repellent in murid and microtine rodents under semi-field *** addition,the future use of PSM odors for repelling both pest species,especially house mice,seems *** investigations with other PSMs,different concentrations as well as alternative application methods are needed to repel common voles from attractive crops.

关键词： enclosure trials odor plant secondary metabolites repellents rodents

Sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile in lithium-sulfur batteries:Interactions between undercoordinated carbons and polymer structure under low lithiation

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2022年第3期31卷 587-596,I0016页

作者： Samuel Bertolini Timo jacob Institute of Electrochemistry Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 4789081 UlmGermany Helmholtz-Institute Ulm(HIU) Electrochemical Energy StorageHelmholtzstr.1189081 UlmGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) P.O.Box 364076021 KarlsruheGermany

Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)represents an important candidate to be used in energy storage applications,due to its high specific ***-polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)is a candidate as a host material in LSB to replace graphite,due to its ability to chemisorb polysulfides(PSs).The sulfur chains attached to the polymer can reversibly form Li2S,and SPAN indicates to have a good cyclability and better performance than graphite,thus,SPAN acts partially as an active and also as a host *** this study,we investigated the capacity of the solvent or the SPAN to lose a hydrogen atom from the backbone,to predict possible anodic reactions between solvent and host *** simulation suggests that the photophilic salts may preferentially react with the solvent,and possibly building a cathode electrolyte interphase(cEI).We observed that an undercoordinated carbon(c_(uc))can be thermodynamically created,due to *** cuccan react with the solvent on the polymer backbone through different mechanisms,however,the simulations indicated that the reaction should be affected by the interaction between the solvent and c_(uc),according to SPAN’s ***,c_(uc)reacts with long sulfur chains attached to SPAN,capturing sulfur and forming a c-S bond.A sulfur chain from one SPAN can connect to another polymer backbone,however,this process is affected by lithiation and ***,this work also investigates the formation of interconnected SPAN structures and the multiple c_(uc)effects.

关键词： Density functional theory Ab initio molecular dynamics Lithium-sulfur batteries Sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile

Influence of La3+ ion in the yttria matrix in improving the microhardness of infrared transparent nano LaxY2-xO3 sintered via hybrid heating

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Journal of Advanced ceramics 2017年第3期6卷 240-250页

作者： Jijimon K. THOMAS Mathew c. T. jacob KOSHY Sam SOLOMON Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Department of Physics Mar Ivanios College Thiruvananthapuram 695015 Kerala India

In the present work, hybrid sintering technique which couples the resistive heating and microwave heating is employed to sinter infrared transparent La0.15Y1.85O3 to 99.2% of the theoretical density for the first time to the best of our knowledge. The presence of La3+ in the yttria matrix improves the hardness properties to a greater extent without affecting the transmittance properties, but there is a deterioration in the thermal properties of the sample. So we have limited our studies to La0.15Y1.85O3 which shows better optical, thermal, and hardness properties. The pellets fabricated from the ultra-fine nano powder with average particle size of ~12 nm synthesized by combustion technique and sintered at 1430 ℃ with an average grain size of 0.22 μm show ~80.1% transmittance in the UV–visible region and 81% in mid infrared region. For a comparative study of the optical, mechanical, and thermal properties, two other variants of sintering strategies namely conventional sintering and microwave sintering are also employed. A comprehensive analysis on the hardness reveals that the hardness of the pellets sintered via hybrid heating is 9.73 GPa and is superior to the pellets sintered using the other two techniques. The thermal conductivity of the sample is also analyzed in detail. The results clearly indicate that the La0.15Y1.85O3 ultra-fine nano powder synthesised by the single-step combustion method and sintered via microwave hybrid heating shows better transmittance properties without compromising the mechanical properties, and can be used very effectively for the fabrication of infrared transparent windows and domes.

关键词： La3+ concentration microhardness hybrid sintering infrared transparent ceramics thermal conductivity

TREM2 as an evolving therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2680-2681页

作者： jacob George cognyxx Pharmaceuticals Tel Aviv Israel and Kaplan Heart CenterRehovotIsrael

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2) is type I transmembrane protein receptor found in osteoclasts, dendritic cells, macrophages, and microglia(Ulland and colonna, 2018). In the central nervous system, TREM2 expression is confined exclusively to microglia. TREM2 comprises an extracellular V-type immunoglobulin(Ig) ectodomain, a connecting stalk followed by a transmembrane region and a short c-terminal tail.

关键词： Alzheimer therapeutic colon

Recent advances in 2D,3D and higher-order topological photonics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 763-792页

作者： Minkyung Kim Zubin jacob Junsuk Rho Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea School of Electrical and computer Engineering Birck Nanotechnology CenterPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA Department of chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Over the past decade,topology has emerged as a major branch in broad areas of physics,from atomic lattices to condensed *** particular,topology has received significant attention in photonics because light waves can serve as a platform to investigate nontrivial bulk and edge physics with the aid of carefully engineered photonic crystals and ***,photonics provides enriched physics that arises from spin-1 vectorial electromagnetic ***,we review recent progress in the growing field of topological photonics in three *** first part is dedicated to the basics of topological band theory and introduces various two-dimensional topological *** second part reviews three-dimensional topological phases and numerous approaches to achieve them in ***,we present recently emerging fields in topological photonics that have not yet been *** part includes topological degeneracies in nonzero dimensions,unidirectional Maxwellian spin waves,higher-order photonic topological phases,and stacking of photonic crystals to attain layer *** addition to the various approaches for realizing photonic topological phases,we also discuss the interaction between light and topological matter and the efforts towards practical applications of topological photonics.

关键词： topological topology dimensions

A New Artificial Neural Network Method for Solving Schrodinger Equations on Unbounded Domains

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communications in computational Physics 2022年第9期32卷 1039-1060页

作者： Joshua P.Wilson Weizhong Dai Aniruddha Bora jacob c.Boyt Mathematics and Statistics College of Engineering and ScienceLouisiana Tech UniversityRustonLA 71272USA Division of Applied Mathematics Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02906USA

The simulation for particle or soliton propagation based on linear or nonlinear Schrodinger equations on unbounded domains requires the computational domain to be bounded,and therefore,a special boundary treatment such as an absorbing boundary condition(ABc)or a perfectly matched layer(PML)is needed so that the reflections of outgoing waves at the boundary can be minimized in order to prevent the destruction of the *** article presents a new artificial neural network(ANN)method for solving linear and nonlinear Schrodinger equations on unbounded *** particular,this method randomly selects training points only from the bounded computational space-time domain,and the loss function involves only the initial condition and the Schrodinger equation itself in the computational domainwithout any boundary ***,unlike standard ANNmethods that calculate gradients using expensive automatic differentiation,this method uses accurate finitedifference approximations for the physical gradients in the Schrodinger *** addition,a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm is implemented for preferentially selecting regions of high loss in the computational domain allowing for the use of fewer training points in each *** such,the present training method uses fewer training points and less computation time for convergence of the loss function as compared with the standard ANN *** new ANN method is illustrated using three examples.

关键词： Linear and nonlinear Schrodinger equations artificial neural network method convergence soliton and particle propagations

Water chemistry and Hydrometeorology in a Glacierized catchment in the Polar Urals,Russia

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第5期11卷 1097-1111页

作者： STAcHNIK Lukasz WALAcH Piotr UZAROWIcZ Lukasz YDE jacob c. TOSHEVA Zornitza WRONSKA-WALAcH Dominika Jagiellonian University Institute of Geography and Spatial ManagementGronostajowa Str. 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland Sogn og Fjordane University college Faculty of Science and Technology6851 Sogndal Norway Institute of Meteorology and Water Management National Research InstitutePiotra Borowego Str. 14 Kraków 30-215 Poland Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW Faculty of Agriculture and BiologyNowoursynowska Str. 159 /37 02-776 Warszawa Poland University of Luxembourg Richard Coudenhove-Kalegri rye 6 Luxembourg L-1359 Luxembourg

This study aims to determine the relationships between local meteorological conditions,proglacial river discharge and biogeochemical processes operating in a periglacial basin located in the Polar Ural mountain range, Russia. Fieldwork was conducted in the catchment of Obruchev Glacier(13 km2) during the summer peak flow period in 2008. River discharge was dominated by snowmelt and changed from 3300 l s-1 to less than 1000 l s-1. The mean daily air temperatures of stations situated in the mountain tundra and near Obruchev Glacier from July 11 th to August 1st 2008 were 14.4°c and 10.3°c, respectively. The glacial river had low total dissolved solids varying from 4.5 to 9 mg l-1 and coefficients of correlation between Na+ and cl-, K+ and cl-, as well as NH4+ and cl- were 0.94, 0.90 and 0.84, respectively. Rainfall events affected the snowmelt initiation and provided an essential part of the discharge during the intense snowmelt period, which occurred from July 11 th to July 18 th 2008. Data showed that Na+ and K+ in the surface water derived from snowmelt rather than chemical weathering of silicates. Also, it was obtained that NO3- derived from the melting snowpack, whereas ammonification occurring under the snowpacks was the primary source for NH4+.

关键词： Polar Urals River discharge Nitrate chemical weathering Periglacial basin Glacier

Mortality assessment for pancreas transplants in the United States over the decade 2008-2018

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World Journal of Transplantation 2023年第4期13卷 147-156页

作者： Tambi Jarmi Emily Brennan jacob clendenon Aaron c Spaulding Department of Transplant Mayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFL 32224United States Health Science Research Mayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFL 32224United States

BAcKGROUND Pancreas transplant is the only treatment that establishes normal glucose levels for patients diagnosed with ***,since 2005,no comprehensive analysis has compared survival outcomes of:(1)Simultaneous pancreas-kidney(SPK)transplant;(2)Pancreas after kidney(PAK)transplant;and(3)Pancreas transplant alone(PTA)to waitlist *** To explore the outcomes of pancreas transplants in the United States during the decade *** Our study utilized the United Network for Organ Sharing Standard Transplant Analysis and Research ***-and post-transplant recipient and waitlist characteristics and the most recent recipient transplant and mortality status were *** included all patients with type I diabetes listed for pancreas or kidneypancreas transplant between May 31,2008 and May 31,*** were grouped into one of three transplant types:SPK,PAK,or *** The adjusted cox proportional hazards models comparing survival between transplanted and non-transplanted patients in each transplant type group showed that patients who underwent an SPK transplant exhibited a significantly reduced hazard of mortality[hazard ratio(HR)=0.21,95%confidence intervals(cI):0.19-0.25]compared to those not *** PAK transplanted patients(HR=1.68,95%cI:0.99-2.87)nor PTA patients(HR=1.01,95%cI:0.53-1.95)experienced significantly different hazards of mortality compared to patients who did not receive a *** When assessing each of the three transplant types,only SPK transplant offered a survival advantage compared to patients on the waiting *** and PTA transplanted patients demonstrated no significant differences compared to patients who did not receive a transplant.

关键词： Pancreas transplant Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant Pancreas after kidney transplant Survival Diabetes mellitus Insulin

The contemporary role of metastasectomy in the management of metastatic Rcc

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Journal of cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 926-937页

作者： Zachary Feuer jacob I.Taylor William c.Huang Department of Urology New York University Langone Health New York 10016 NY United States

Metastasectomy was initially described in the 1970s as a therapeutic strategy for patients with metastatic renal cell *** that time,systemic therapy options have grown exponentially,most recently with the introduction of *** aimed to review the contemporary literature regarding the role of metastasectomy in the era of targeted therapy and ***,metastasectomy has benefited patients with small volume,single-organ metastases,with favorable outcomes amongst younger,healthier patients with metastases to specific *** interplay between the employment of metastasectomy and systemic therapy has been limited to small,retrospective series with significant patient selection *** recently,investigators have conducted randomized controlled trials exploring the use of targeted therapies in the adjuvant setting after *** randomized data suggested no benefit in using sorafenib in this setting,and a subsequent study demonstrated possible harm in using pazopanib after ***,the role of other novel systemic therapies,including immunotherapy,nor the timing of use,have been meaningfully *** appears to be a valuable therapeutic option in the properly selected patient,requiring a multi-disciplinary management strategy and,pending future trials,a multimodal treatment approach.

关键词： clear-cell metastatic renal cell carcinoma metastasectomy immunotherapy