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Exosome secretion from hypoxic cancer cells reshapes the tumor microenvironment and mediates drug resistance

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cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第3期5卷 577-594页

作者： Kenneth K.W.To William c.S.cho School of Pharmacy Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of clinical Oncology Queen Elizabeth HospitalHong Kong SARChina

Hypoxia is a common phenomenon in solid tumors as the poorly organized tumor vasculature cannot fulfill the increasing oxygen demand of rapidly expanding *** hypoxia,tumor cells reshape their microenvironment to sustain survival,promote metastasis,and develop resistance to *** are extracellular vesicles secreted by most eukaryotic cells,including tumor *** are enriched with a selective collection of nucleic acids and proteins from the originating cells to mediate cell-to-cell *** evidence suggests that exosomes derived from tumor cells play critical roles in modulating the tumor microenvironment(TME).Hypoxia is known to stimulate the secretion of exosomes from tumor cells,thereby promoting intercellular communication of hypoxic tumors with the surrounding stromal ***-mediated signaling pathways under hypoxic conditions have been reported to cause angiogenesis,invasion,metastasis,drug resistance,and immune ***,the programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1)has been reported to reside as a transmembrane protein in tumor *** PD-L1 was shown to suppress T cell effector function in the TME and cause drug resistance to immune checkpoint *** review provides an update about the pivotal role of tumor-derived exosomes in drug resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy,particularly under hypoxic *** strategies that target the exosomes in the hypoxic TME to enhance the antitumor efficacy are discussed.

关键词： Hypoxia drug resistance exosome tumor microenvironment immunotherapy non-coding RNA

Schistosoma haematobium and Plasmodium falciparum coinfection with protection against Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Nigerian children

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第2期2卷 16-20页

作者： Nmorsi OPG Isaac c Ukwandu NcD Ekundayo AO Ekozien MI Tropical Diseases Research Unit Department of ZoologyAmbrose Alli UniversityEkpomaNigeria Department of Medical Microbiology Ambrose Alli UniversityEkpomaNigeria Department of Microbiology Ambrose Alli UniversityEkpomaNigeria

Objective:Malaria remains the single leading killer of children in sub - Sahara Africa and Schistosomiasis is considered to be second to malaria in global *** - infection of malaria and urinary schistosomiasis has been reported to exacerbate disease morbidity such as *** different part of the globe,the co - infection between malaria and schistosomiasis provides some protections on the infected *** protective effect of this co - infection elucidated immunologically using cytokines is lacking in our ***:Urine and blood samples obtained from the 160 volunteers were subjected to standard parasitological techniques for diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis and malaria *** samples collected from these volunteers comprising 80 children with schistosomiasis and malaria and the 80 children who had malaria only were subjected to cytokines concentration determination using commercial standard enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits(Abeam,UK).Results:Eighty participants with co - infection had a mean malarial parasitaemia of 662±201.1μL while the 80 participants with only *** malaria had a mean malarial parasiteamia of 5943±3270.7μ*** the volunteers had mean haemoglobin of 11.2 g/dL for co - infected individuals and 5.7 g/dL for participants with single infection of *** serum cytokine levels of the children with S. haematobium and *** and only *** infection are as follows;interleukin - 4(16.6 pg/ mL versus 5.2 pg/mL),IL - 5(501.3 pg/mL versus 357.5 pg/mL);IL -8(2 550 pg/mL versus 309 pg/mL),IL - 10(273 pg/mL versus 290 pg/mL),TNF -α(25 pg/mL versus 290 pg/mL) and IFN -γ(21.9 pg/mL versus 2.5 pg/mL).The TNF -α/IL - 10 ratio is 7 for the children with co - infection while those with only *** malaria infection had a TNF -α/IL - 10 ratio of ***:We conclude that the elevated IL - 4,IL - 5,IL - 8 and IFN -γconcentration induced by schistosomiasis altered the Th1/Th 2 profile a

关键词： Schistosoma haematobium Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

On the design of an AI-driven secure communication scheme for internet of medical things environment

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Digital communications and Networks 2023年第5期9卷 1080-1089页

作者： Neha Garg Rajat Petwal Mohammad Wazid D.P.Singh Ashok Kumar Das Joel J.P.c.Rodrigues Department of computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be UniversityDehradun248002India center for Security Theory and Algorithmic ResearchInternational Institute of Information TechnologyHyderabad500032India college of computer Science and Technology China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266555China Instituto de Telecomunicaçoes 6201-001CovilhaPortugal

The Internet of Medical Things(IoMT)is a collection of smart healthcare devices,hardware infrastructure,and related software applications,that facilitate the connection of healthcare information technology system via the *** is also called IoT in healthcare,facilitating secure communication of remote healthcare devices over the Internet for quick and flexible analysis of healthcare *** other words,IoMT is an amalgam of medical devices and applications,which improves overall healthcare ***,this system is prone to securityand privacy-related attacks on healthcare ***,providing a robust security mechanism to prevent the attacks and vulnerability of IoMT is *** mitigate this,we proposed a new artificial-Intelligence envisioned secure communication scheme for *** discussed network and threat models provide details of the associated network arrangement of the IoMT devices and attacks relevant to ***,we provide the security analysis of the proposed scheme to show its security against different possible ***,a comparative study of the proposed scheme with other similar schemes is *** results show that the proposed scheme outperforms other similar schemes in terms of communication and computation costs,and security and functionality ***,we provide a pragmatic study of the proposed scheme to observe its impact on various network performance parameters.

关键词： Internet of Medical Things(IoMT) Security Authentication and key agreement artificial Intelligence(AI) Big data analytics

Therapy decisions for the symptomatic patient wil metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 936-938,I0008页

作者： Mark c Markowski Kenneth J Pienta Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA.

Metastatic prostate cancer continues to kill approximately 30,000 men per year. Since 2010, five new therapeutic agents have been Food and Drug Administration （FDA） approved to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mcRPc）. With the increasingnumber of therapies available to clinicians, the most effective sequence in which to implement these treatments remains unknown. The presence or absence of symptoms （i.e., bony pain, visceral crisis） is a key parameter that informs the decision-making process regarding therapy. Treatment algorithms based on： 1） asymptomatic/minimal symptoms, 2） moderate symptoms or chemotherapy ineligible or 3） symptomatic disease need to be developed.

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Stable NiO-ceO_(2) nanoparticles with improved carbon resistance for methane dry reforming

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第1期40卷 57-62页

作者： Andrea cárdenas-arenas esther Bailón-García Dolores Lozano-castelló Patrick Da costa Agustín Bueno-López Department of Inorganic chemistry University of AlicanteCarretera de San Vicente s/nE03080AlicanteSpain Sorbonne Universite Institut Jean Le Rond d'AlembertCNRS UMR 71902 place de la gare de ceinture78210Saint Cyr L'EcoleFrance

High surface area mixed oxide 8.7%NiO-ceO_(2) nanoparticles(122 m2/g;6-7 nm)were prepared using a reversed microemulsion method,and were tested for dry methane reforming(DRM).The catalytic activity of these nanoparticles remains stable under the severe conditions of DRM(700℃),and they show better carbon resistance than conventional NiO-ceO_(2) catalysts prepared without control of the *** activity and selectivity of nanoparticles and reference catalyst are similar,but nanoparticles reduce the accumulation of carbon by 63%during the DRM tests,which is a key feature for this *** and H_(2)-TPR suggest that the improved carbon resistance of the nanoparticles is due to the better interaction and cooperation between NiO and ceO_(2) mixed *** nanoparticles,the participation of cerium cations in the redox processes taking place during DRM stabilizes cationic species of *** the contrary,the catalyst prepared without control of the size suffers segregation of Ni during DRM reaction,and segregated Ni explains the higher catalytic formation of carbon.

关键词： Methane dry reforming Nickel ceria Nanoparticle Rare earths

Mechanical performance of rock bolts under combined load conditions

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第2期30卷 167-177页

作者： P.c.Pinazzi A.J.S.(Sam)Spearing K.V.Jessu P.Singh R.Hawker Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Western Australian School of MinesCurtin UniversityKalgoorlieWA 6430Australia Minova Global NowraNSW 2541Australia

Rock bolts are subjected to different loading conditions along their lengths such as axial,bending,and/or shear forces,which can cause failure at lower loads than those considered for design *** common existing methodologies do not consider the actual loading of the rock bolts and assume it is only pure axial or pure *** study was conducted to investigate the un-grouted rock bolt performance under combined load *** loading regimes were evaluated:the effect of initial shear displacement on axial load capacity and displacement,and the effect of axial displacement on the shear load *** first regime was also conducted for shear with a gap,when there is a spacing between the shear *** results of this study showed that the rock bolt can resist higher axial loads than shear under pure or combined load *** combined load conditions,the rock bolt capacity decreased significantly for both ***,when applying the shear load with a gap,the rock bolt load capacity was not affected ***,the total bar deformation was improved for shear and *** findings of this study show the need to improve the rock bolt design considering the complex loading conditions in situ with/without a gap.

关键词： Rock bolt combined load Gap test Failure mechanism Axial load Shear load

Statin-induced Liver Injury Patterns: A clinical Review

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Journal of clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第3期10卷 543-552页

作者： Leon D.Averbukh Alla Turshudzhyan David c.Wu George Y.Wu Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyAllegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPAUSA Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA

Since their introduction in 1987,hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase(HMG-coA)inhibitors,more commonly known as statins,have become some of the most widely prescribed medications in the *** generally considered to be safe and well tolerated,statins have been associated with several side effects including mild liver dysfunction manifested by increases in ***,statins have been noted to induce more serious hepatic injury,including liver injury with autoimmune *** literature supports statin induced liver injury presenting in either hepatocellular or cholestatic patterns,though with the former being the prevailing pattern of ***,severe liver injury is uncommon with statin use and is generally reversible without any intervention other than offending statin *** evaluating cases of suspected statininduced liver injury,a complete medical history,laboratory tests including a complete metabolic panel,autoimmune markers,and viral panel,as well as hepatic imaging,are crucial for a complete causality analysis with validated tools such as Roussel Uclaf causality Assessment *** aim of this review is to review the current evidence for statininduced liver injury and cholestasis.

关键词： Drug-induced liver injury Statin cholestatic liver injury Hepatocellular liver injury cholestasis Autoimmune hepatitis

Lexical characteristics of dialogue acts in the Switchboard corpus of telephone conversations

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外语教学与研究 2012年第3期44卷 346-358页

作者： Alex c. Fang Jing cao Xiaoyue Liu Harry Bunt city University of Hong Kong Zhongnan University of Economics and Law Tilburg University

This paper describes a corpus-based investigation of dialogue *** particular,it attempts to answer questions about the empirical distribution of dialogue acts in a publicly accessible corpus of transcribed conversations and degrees of lexical similarity of dialogue *** research will not only lend itself to a deeper understanding of the lexical realisation of dialogue acts as communicative functions but also contribute towards dialogue act *** Switchboard Dialogue Act corpus is adopted and the SWBD-DAMSL tags used for the *** statistical measures were applied,which include lexical dispersion and lexical similarity using chi by degrees of freedom(cBDF).We show that the distribution of DAs is uneven,that a majority of the word types occur in one DA and that only a small fraction of word types are commonly used by all the *** hierarchical clustering of DAs based on cBDF suggests that there is an intrinsic structure of DAs pertaining to fact finding and verification,information provision and inter-speaker agreement and affinity *** paper concludes with discussions and suggestions for future work.

关键词： Dialogue Acts(DA) conversation Switchboard corpus

Effect of Sr-substitution on the structural and dielectric properties of LaFeO_(3) perovskite materials

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2018年第5期8卷 47-56页

作者： D.Triyono c.A.Kafa H.Laysandra Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science(FMIPA)Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia

The study aims to investigate the structural and dielectric properties of perovskite La_(1-x)Sr_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.1,0.2,0.3,and 0.4)synthesized by solgel and sintering methods.X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and LcR-Meter were used to identify the phase,crystallography parameters,morphology,particle size,and electrical behavior of the synthesized perovskite *** samples showed a single-phase orthorhombic crystal structure with Pbnm space ***-substitution induced the volume unit cell and crystallite size to *** synthesized nanoparticles were uniform and homogeneous with the particle size less than 200 *** spectroscopy(IS)was used to explain the electrical behavior as a function of frequency(100 Hz to 1 MHz)at various temperatures(300–373 K).The presence of small polarons as charge carriers within the grain and grain boundary were elucidated from the electrical conductivity ***-substitution caused the dielectric constant and electronic conductivity to increase with the highest values obtained from La_(1-x)Sr_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.4).

关键词： La_(1-x)Sr_(x)FeO_(3) impedance spectroscopy conductivity dielectric