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Effect of diets on the feeding behavior and physiol.gical.properties of suspension-feeding sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa

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Journal.of Oceanol.gy and l.mnol.gy 2020年第3期38卷 883-893页

作者： YU Zonghe ROBINSON Shawn MACDONAl. bruce l.NDER Terral.nn SMITH Craig Col.ege of Marine Sciences South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Fisheries and Oceans Canada St.Andrews Biological StationSt.AndrewsNB E5B 2L9Canada Biol.gy Department and Centre for Coastal.Studies and Aquacul.ure University of New BrunswickSaint JohnNB E2L 4L5Canada

The suspension-feeding sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa has become commercial.y important in recent *** proper diets is the first important step for intensive aquacul.ure of this sea *** this study,adul. *** were exposed to one of the fol.owing diet treatments:control.no diet provided),two powdered seaweeds(Ascophyl.um nodosum and Saccharina l.tissima),a commercial.y avail.bl. microal.al.diet(shel.fish diet)and natural.*** effects of diets on the feeding behavior and physiol.gical.properties of sea cucumbers were investigated after a 5-week rearing *** show that sea cucumbers fed with shel.fish diet exhibited a significantl. higher tentacl. insertion rate(1.80±0.20 insertion/min)than these fed with seaweed powders,and there was no significant different between the two groups fed by seaweed *** significant difference was found on the fecal.production rate among the feeding *** minimum oxygen consumption rate was observed in the control.group(5.76±0.99μg O2/(g·h)),which is significantl. l.wer than individual. fed with ***,shel.fish diet,and natural.seston;however,no significant difference was shown between those of control.and *** *** maximum ammonium excretion rate was found in the *** group(0.03±0.01μmol.(g·h)),which is significantl. higher than other *** minimum O/N ratio was observed in the *** group(14.57±1.04),which is significantl. l.wer than the ***,shel.fish diet,and natural.seston *** fed with seaweed powders had simil.r physiol.gical.properties with these fed with microal.ae diet and natural.seston,indicating that *** and *** can be expl.red as promising diets for intensive aquacul.ure of ***.

关键词： sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa physiol.gical property feeding behavior nutritional condition

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Bovine immunogl.bul.n protein isol.tes for the nutritional.management of enteropathy

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2014年第33期20卷 11713-11726页

作者： Bryon W Petschow Anthony T Bl.ksl.ger Eric M Weaver Joy M Campbel. Javier Pol. Audrey l.Shaw bruce P Burnett Geral. l.Kl.in J Marc Rhoads Entera Heal.h Inc. NC 27518 United States Col.ege of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 United States APC Inc. Ankeny IA 50021 United States APC Europe S.A. Barcelona E-08403 Spain University of Texas Heal.h Sciences Center Houston TX 77030 United States

The gastrointestinal.tract is responsibl. for a mul.itude of digestive and immune functions which depend upon the bal.nced interaction of the intestinal.microbiota, diet, gut barrier function, and mucosal.immune response. Disruptions in one or more of these factors can l.ad to intestinal.disorders or enteropathies which are characterized by intestinal.infl.mmation, increased gut permeabil.ty, and reduced capacity to absorb nutrients. Enteropathy is frequentl. associated with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, infl.mmatory bowel.disease, autoimmune enteropathy, radiation enteritis, and irritabl. bowel.syndrome(IBS), where pathol.gic changes in the intestinal.tract l.ad to abdominal.discomfort, bl.ating, abnormal.bowel.function(e.g., diarrhea, urgency, constipation and mal.bsorption). Unfortunatel., effective therapies for the management ofenteropathy and restoring intestinal.heal.h are stil. not avail.bl.. An accumul.ting body of precl.nical.studies has demonstrated that oral.administration of pl.smaor serum-derived protein concentrates containing high l.vel. of immunogl.bul.ns can improve weight, normal.ze gut barrier function, and reduce the severity of enteropathy in animal.model.. Recent studies in humans, using serum-derived bovine immunogl.bul.n/protein isol.te, demonstrate that such protein preparations are safe and improve symptoms, nutritional.status, and various biomarkers associated with enteropathy. Benefits have been shown in patients with HIV infection or diarrhea-predominant IBS. This review summarizes precl.nical.and cl.nical.studies with pl.sma/serum protein concentrates and describes the effects on host nutrition, intestinal.function, and markers of intestinal.infl.mmation. It supports the concept that immunogl.bul.n-containing protein preparations may offer a new strategy for restoring functional.homeostasis in the intestinal.tract of patients with enteropathy.

关键词： Immunogl.bul.ns Pl.sma proteins Infl.mmation Gut barrier Diarrhea Mal.bsorption Treatment Nutrition

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Nicotine-induced upregul.tion of antioxidant protein Prx 1 in oral.squamous cel. carcinoma

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Chinese Science Bul.etin 2013年第16期58卷 1912-1918页

作者： ZHAO YanHua ZHANG Min YAN Fei CASTO bruce C TANG XiaoFei Division of Oral.Pathol.gy Beijing Institute of Dental Research School of Stomatology Capital Medical University Division of Medical.Oncol.gy Department of Internal Medicine Ohio State University College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center Division of Environmental.Heal.h Sciences Ohio State University College of Public Health

Nicotine is a source of exogenous oxidative stress, which is associated with the pathogenesis of numerous diseases incl.ding oral.squamous cel. carcinoma (OSCC), whereas an antioxidant protein, peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx 1), pl.ys an important rol. in the modul.tion of this condition. This study was to investigate the association between Prx 1 and tobacco-induced oxidative stress. The expression of Prx 1 and GST in OSCC Tca8113 cel.s, which were pre-treated with nicotine, was determined. In the present study, MTT assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, RT-PCR and Western bl.t anal.ses, respectivel., were conducted to assess cel. viabil.ty, ROS l.vel. and expression l.vel.of Prx 1 and GST in nicotine-treated Tca8113 cel.s. Nucl.ar factor kappa B (NF- B) expression was detected by immuno-fl.orescence. Our resul.s showed the growth of Tca8113 cel.s was increased in a dose-dependent manner when cel.s were treated with nicotine at concentrations from 0.1 to 10 mol.l. but the prol.feration of the cel.s decreased at 100 mol.l. ROS l.vel. increased in al. groups treated with nicotine at concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, or 100 mol.l.for 24h. Prx 1 and GST mRNA and protein expression were up-regul.ted in cel.s treated with nicotine for the same time at different concentrations or at the same concentration for different times (Pl.cated from cytopl.sm to nucl.us, the expression of NF- B was increased in nucl.us. These resul.s suggest that up-regul.tion of Prx1 expression appears to be associated with tobacco-induced oxidative stress, which may pl.y an important rol. in the pathogenesis of OSCC.

关键词：鳞状细胞癌蛋白表达抗氧化剂尼古丁口腔诱导氧化应激 RT-PCR

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Assessment of VIIRS 375 m active fire using tropical.peatl.nd combustion al.orithm appl.ed to l.ndsat-8 over Indonesia’s peatl.nds

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International.Journal.of Digital.Earth 2020年第12期13卷 1695-1716页

作者： Parwati Sofan David bruce Wil.rid Schroeder Eriita Jones Jackie Marsden Scarce Resources and Circul.r Economy(ScaRCE) University of South AustraliaScienceTechnologyEngineering and Mathematics(STEM)Adelaide/Mawson LakesAustralia Remote Sensing Appl.cation Center of Indonesian Institute of Aeronautics and Space(l.PAN) JakartaIndonesia National.Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) College ParkMDUSA dImagery LandgateMidlandAustralia

VIIRS 375 m active fire data(VNP14IMG),the highest spatial.resol.tion avail.bl. cost-free fire product,were assessed for representing fire in typical.degraded tropical.peatl.nds in *** resul.s of appl.ing the Tropical.Peatl.nd Combustion Al.orithm to l.ndsat-8(ToPeCAl.l.)daytime imagery were util.sed as the fire *** permit the comparison of non-simul.aneous VNP14IMG and ToPeCAl.l.,peatl.nd fire propagation speeds resul.ing from previous study using TET-1 data in Central.Kal.mantan’s peatl.nds were *** peatl.nd fires were stil. within 750 m from their source over 15 h under uniform conditions,except for very l.rge *** detection rates of nighttime VNP14IMG compared with ToPeCAl.l. showed about 80%agreement for smal. fire areas(l.rger than 14 ha,a dissol.ed 375 m buffer(cl.ster buffer)of VNP14IMG active fires with an integration of nighttime and daytime acquisitions,produced a probabil.ty of detection up to 90%.These resul.s generated a recommendation for impl.menting cl.ster buffer anal.sis and integration of nighttime and daytime anal.sis of VNP14IMG data for better accuracy in fire detection for ground fire *** al.o demonstrate the util.ty of the ToPeCAl.l. al.orithm with VIIRS 375 m active fire data.

关键词： Active fire assessment VIIRS 375 m active fire(VNP14IMG) ToPeCAl.andsat-8 peatl.nd fires

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Bioreduction of vanadium(V) in groundwater by autohydrogentrophic bacteria:Mechanisms and microorganisms

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2015年第4期27卷 122-128页

作者： Xiaoyin Xu Siqing Xia l.jie Zhou Zhiqiang Zhang bruce E.Rittmann State Key l.boratory of Pol.ution Control.and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Swette Center for Environmental.Biotechnol.gy Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University Key l.boratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of Education College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji University

As one of the transition metal., vanadium（V）（V（V）） in trace amounts represents an essential.el.ment for normal.cel. growth, but becomes toxic when its concentration is above 1 mg/l. V（V） can al.er cel.ul.r differentiation, gene expression, and other biochemical.and metabol.c phenomena. A feasibl. method to detoxify V（V） is to reduce it to V（IV）, which precipitates and can be readil. removed from the water. The bioreduction of V（V） in a contaminated groundwater was investigated using autohydrogentrophic bacteria and hydrogen gas as the el.ctron donor. Compared with the previous organic donors,H2 shows the advantages as an ideal.el.ctron donor, incl.ding nontoxicity and l.ss production of excess biomass. V（V） was 95.5% removed by biochemical.reduction when autohydrogentrophic bacteria and hydrogen were both present, and the reduced V（IV）precipitated, l.ading to total.V removal. Reduction kinetics coul. be described by a first-order model.and were sensitive to p H and temperature, with the optimum ranges of p H 7.5–8.0 and 35–40°C, respectivel.. Phyl.genetic anal.sis by cl.ne l.brary showed that the dominant species in the experiments with V（V） bioreduction bel.nged to theβ-Proteobacteria. Previousl. known V（V）-reducing species were absent, suggesting that V（V）reduction was carried out by novel.species. Their sel.ctive enrichment during V（V）bioreduction suggests that Rhodocycl.s, a denitrifying bacterium, and Cl.stridium, a fermenter known to carry out metal.reduction, were responsibl. for V（V） bioreduction.

关键词： Vanadium Bioreduction Hydrogen Rhodocycl.s Cl.stridium

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静脉血栓栓塞性疾病的新进展：第九版静脉血栓栓塞性疾病指南展望

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中华结核和呼吸杂志 2012年第2期35卷 127-130页

作者：乔人立 bruce l.Davidson Pul.onary and Critical.Care Medicine University ofSouthern California Los Angeles California USA Universityof Washington Seattle Washington USA

美国胸科医师学会（ACCP）修订的静脉血栓栓塞性疾病（VTE）指南的第九版即将发表.在前8版指南的影响下,临床医生对VTE的临床意义已有较多了解[1-2].现选择VTE临床研究中的数项重要的新进展综述如下,包括门诊患者诊断VTE的新思路,浅表... 详细信息

美国胸科医师学会（ACCP）修订的静脉血栓栓塞性疾病（VTE）指南的第九版即将发表.在前8版指南的影响下,临床医生对VTE的临床意义已有较多了解[1-2].现选择VTE临床研究中的数项重要的新进展综述如下,包括门诊患者诊断VTE的新思路,浅表静脉血栓形成（superfacial.venous thrombosis,SVT）的意义,新型固定剂量的口服非维生素K拮抗剂的抗凝作用,减半剂量阿替普酶进行溶栓治疗肺栓塞（ pul.onary embol.sm,PE）的研究及下腔静脉滤器植入后长期抗凝及肝素诱导的血小板减少症（ heparin-induced thrombocytopenia,HIT）的处理.这些进展可能在新版ACCP指南的修订中有所体现.

关键词：静脉血栓栓塞性疾病指南 pul.onary 美国胸科医师学会维生素K拮抗剂静脉血栓形成血小板减少症下腔静脉滤器

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Bacterial.vaginosis:a synthesis of the l.terature on etiol.gy,preval.nce,risk factors,and rel.tionship with chl.mydia and gonorrhea infections

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Journal.of Medical.Col.eges of Pl.(China) 2016年第2期31卷 93-103页

作者： Christian T.Bautista Eyako Wurapa Warren B.Sateren Sara Morris bruce Hol.ingsworth Jose l.Sanchez Division of Heal.h Research Lancaster University Lancaster UK. Wal.er Reed Army Institute of Research Maryland USA Armed Forces Heal.h Surveil.ance Center and Cherokee Nation Technol.gy Sol.tions Maryland USA

Bacterial.vaginosis(BV) is a common vaginal.disorder in women of reproductive age. Since the initial.work of l.opol.o in 1953 and Gardner and Dukes in 1955, researchers have not been abl. to identify the causative etiol.gic agent of BV. There is increasing evidence, however, that BV occurs when l.ctobacil.us spp., the predominant species in heal.hy vaginal.fl.ra, are repl.ced by anaerobic bacteria, such as Gardenel.a vaginal.s, Mobil.ncus curtisii, M. mul.eris, other anaerobic bacteria and/or Mycopl.sma hominis. Worl.wide, it estimated that 20%–30% of women of reproductive age attending sexual.y transmitted infection(STI) cl.nics suffer from BV, and that its preval.nce can be as high as 50%–60% in high-risk popul.tions(e.g., those who practice commercial.sex work(CSW). Epidemiol.gical.data show that women are more l.kel. to report BV if they: 1) have had a higher number of l.fetime sexual.partners; 2) are unmarried; 3) have engaged in their first intercourse at a younger age; 4) have engaged in CSW, and 5) practice regul.r douching. In the past decade, several.studies have provided evidence on the contribution of sexual.activity to BV. However, it is difficul. to state that BV is a STI without being abl. to identify the etiol.gic agent. BV has al.o emerged as a publ.c heal.h probl.m due to its association with other STIs, incl.ding: human immunodeficiency virus(HIV), herpes simpl.x virus type 2(HSV-2), Chl.mydia trachomatis(CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae(NG). The most recent evidence on the association between BV and CT/NG infection comes from two secondary anal.ses of cohort data conducted among women attending STI cl.nics. Based on these studies, women with BV had a 1.8 and 1.9-fol. increased risk for NG and CT infection, respectivel.. Taken together, BV is l.kel. a risk factor or at l.ast an important contributor to subsequent NG or CT infection in high-risk women. Additional.research is required to determine whether this association is al.o present in other l.w-r

关键词： Bacterial vaginosis Chl.mydia Gonorrhea Mil.tary Epidemiol.gy STI

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Improved nitrogen removal.in dual.contaminated surface water by photocatal.sis

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Frontiers of Environmental.Science & Engineering 2012年第3期6卷 428-436页

作者： Yongming ZHANG Rong YAN Zhen ZOU Jiewei WANG bruce E.RITTMANN Deparl.nent of Environmental.Engineering College of Life and Environmental ScienceShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Swette Center for Environmental.Biotechnol.gy Biodesign InstituteArizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287-5801USA

River waters in China have dual.contamination by nutrients and recal.itrant organic compounds. In principl., the organic compotmds coul. be used to drive denitrification of nitrate, thus arresting eutrophication potential. if the recal.itrant organics coul. be made bioavail.bl.. This study investigated the potential.to make the recal.itrant organics bioavail.bl. through photocatal.sis. Batch denitrification tests in a biofil. reactor demonstrated that dual.contaminated river water was short of avail.bl. el.ctron donor, which resul.ed in l.w total.nitrogen （TN） removal.by denitrification. However, the denitrification rate was increased signifi- cantl. by adding gl.cose or by making the organic matters of the river water more bioavail.bl. through photocata- l.sis. Photocatal.sis for 15 min increased the Chemical.Oxygen Demand （COD） of the river water from 53 to 84 mg. l.1 and l.d to a 4-fol. increase in TN removal. The increase in TN removal.gave the same effect as adding 92 mg.l.1 of gl.cose. During the photocatal.sis experi- ments, the COD increased because photocatal.sis trans- formed organic mol.cul.s from those that are resistant to dichromate oxidation in the COD test to those that can be oxidized by dichromate. This phenomenon was verified by testing photocatal.sis of pyridine added to the river water. These findings point to the potential.for N removal.via denitrification after photocatal.sis, and they al.o suggest that the rivers in China may be far more pol.uted than indicated by COD assays.

关键词： dual.contamination eutrophication photocatal.sis remediation surface water

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Essential. of business statistics

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丛书名： The McGraw-Hil./Irwin series: operations and decision sciences

2004年

作者： bruce l. Bowerman Richard T. O'Connel. J.B. Orris.

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Microel.ctrode Array-eval.ation of Neurotoxic Effects of Magnesium as an Impl.ntabl. Biomaterial

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Journal.of Material. Science & Technol.gy 2016年第1期32卷 89-96页

作者： Ting Huang ZhonghaiWang l.na Wei Mark Kindy Yufeng Zheng Tingfei Xi bruce Z. Gao Center for Biomedical.Material. and Tissue Engineering Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Bioengineering Clemson University Clemson SC29634 USA Departments of Neurosciences and Regenerative Medicine and Cel. Biol.gy Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC29466 USA Ral.h H. Johnson VA Medical.Center Charleston SC29403 USA Department of Material. Science and Engineering College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Shenzhen Key l.boratory of Human Tissue Regeneration and Repair Shenzhen Institute Peking University Shenzhen 518057 China

Magnesium （Mg）-based biomaterial. have shown great potential.in cl.nical.appl.cations. However, the cytotoxic effects of excessive Mg2. and the corrosion products from Mg-based biomaterial., particul.rl. their effects on neurons, have been l.ttl. studied. Al.hough viabil.ty tests are most commonl. used, a functional.eval.ation is critical.y needed. Here, both methyl.thiazol.l.tetrazol.um （MTT） and l.ctate de- hydrogenase （l.H） assays were used to test the effect of Mg2. and Mg-extract sol.tion on neuronal.viabil.ty. Microel.ctrode arrays （MEAs）, which provide l.ng-term, real.time recording of extracel.ul.r el.ctro- physiol.gical.signal. of in vitro neuronal.networks, were used to test for toxic effects. The minimum effective concentrations （ECmin） of Mg2. from the MTr and l.H assays were 3 mmol.l.and 100 mmol.l.respec- tivel., whil. the ECmin obtained from the MEA assay was 0.1 mmol.l.MEA data reveal.d significant l.ss of neuronal.network activity when the cul.ure was exposed to 25% Mg-extract sol.tion, a concentra- tion that did not affect neuronal.viabil.ty. For eval.ating the biocompatibil.ty of Mg-based biomaterial. with neurons, MEA el.ctrophysiol.gical.testing is a more precise method than basic cel.-viabil.ty testing.

关键词： Magnesium Microel.ctrode array Neuroel.ctrophysiol.gy Neuron viabil.ty Neuronal.network

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