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Real-life chromoendoscopy for dysplasia surveillance in ulcerative colitis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第35期24卷 4069-4076页

作者： Pasquale Klepp Anita Tollisen Arne Roseth Milada Cvancarova Smastuen Solveig N Andersen Morten Vatn bjorn a moum Stephan Brackmann Unger-Vetlesen Institute Department of Internal MedicineLovisenberg Diaconal HospitalOslo 0456Norway Institute of Clinical Medicine University of OsloOslo 0317Norway Department of Pathology Akershus University HospitalLorenskog 1474Norway Department of Gastroenterology Oslo University HospitalOslo 0450Norway Department of Gastroenterology Akershus University HospitalLorenskog 1474Norway

AIM To evaluate the use of chromoendoscopy for surveillance of ulcerative colitis in a real-life community hospital *** Patients with extensive ulcerative colitis, having disease duration of more than 8 years and who presented between the years of 1999 to 2013, were offered enrolment in this single cohort prospective study. All participants underwent standard bowel preparation with sodium phosphate and chromoendoscopy. Two expert endoscopists, novice to chromoendoscopy, evaluated each segment of the colon with standarddefinition colonoscopes after spray application of 0.4% indigo carmine. All observed lesions were recorded and evaluated before being removed and/or biopsied. In addition, nontargeted biopsies were taken from each segment of the colon. The dysplasia detection rate and dysplasia detection yield were ascertained. RESULTS A total of 21 neoplastic lesions(2 carcinomas, 4 of high-grade dysplasia and 15 of low-grade dysplasia) and 27 nondysplastic lesions were detected in 16 of the total 67 patients(70% male; median disease duration: 17 years; median age at diagnosis: 25 years; 92% aminosalicylate-treated). The dysplasia detection rate was 10.5%(7/67 patients). The dysplasia detection yield was 20.8%(10/48) for targeted biopsies and 3.5%(11/318) for nontargeted biopsies. The sensitivity and specificity for the macroscopic evaluation of neoplasia using chromoendoscopy were 48% [95% confidence interval(CI): 26%-70%] and 96%(95%CI: 93%-98%), respectively. The positive predictive and negative predictive values were 42%(95%CI: 27%-59%) and 97%(95%CI: 95%-98%), respectively. A total of 19/21 dysplastic lesions were detected in mucosa with histologic *** Chromoendoscopy seems to be of value for dysplasia surveillance of ulcerative colitis in a community hospital setting. The yield of non-targeted biopsies is negligible.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Dysplasia Ulcerative colitis Surveillance Chromoendoscopy

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Predictive factors for a severe clinical course in ulcerative colitis: Results from population-based studies

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2016年第2期7卷 235-241页

作者： Magnus Hofrenning Wanderas bjorn a moum Marte Lie Hoivik Oistein Hovde Department of Medicine Innlandet Hospital Trust Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Department of Gastroen-terology Oslo University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Department of Gastroenterology Innlandet Hospital Trust

Ulcerative colitis(UC)is characterized by chronic inflammation of the large bowel in genetically suscep-tible individuals exposed to environmental risk *** disease course can be difficult to predict,with symptoms ranging from mild to *** is no generally accepted definition of severe UC,and no single outcome is sufficient to classify a disease course as *** are several outcomes indicating a severe disease course,including progression of the disease’s extension,a high relapse rate,the development of acute severe colitis,colectomy,the occurrence of colorectal cancer and UC-related *** evaluating a patient’s prognosis,it is helpful to do so in relation to these *** these outcomes also makes it easier to isolate factors predictive of severe *** aims of this article are to evaluate different disease outcomes and to present predictive factors for these outcomes.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Disease course Prognosis Severity Colectomy Relapse Acute severe colitis Cancer Mortality

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Fatigue is not associated with vitamin D deficiency in inflammatory bowel disease patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第29期24卷 3293-3301页

作者： Svein Oskar Frigstad Marte Lie Hoivik Jorgen Jahnsen Milada Cvancarova Tore Grimstad Ingrid Prytz Berset Gert Huppertz-Hauss Oistein Hovde Tomm Bernklev bjorn moum Lars-Petter Jelsness-Jorgensen Department of Medicine Vestre Viken Baeum HospitalGjettum 1346Norway Department of Gastroenterology Ostfold Hospital KalnesGralum 1714Norway Department of Health Sciences Ostfold University CollegeHalden 1757Norway Department of Gastroenterology Stavanger University HospitalStavanger 4068Norway Department of Research Otfold Hospital KalnesGralum 1714Norway Department of Gastroenterology Oslo University HospitalOslo 0424Norway Department of Gastroenterology Akershus University HospitalLorenskog 1478Norway Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan UniversityOslo 0130Norway Department of Medicine Alesund Hospital TrustAlesund 6026Norway Department of Gastroenterology Telemark Hospital TrustSkien 3710Norway Department of Medicine Innlandet Hospital TrustGjovik 2819Norway Department of Research and Development Vestfold Hospital TrustTonsberg 3103Norway

AIM To investigate if vitamin D deficiency is associated with fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS IBD patients were recruited from nine hospitals in the southeastern and western regions of Norway to participate in a multicenter cross-sectional study lasting from March 2013 to April 2014. Data were collected by interviews, from medical records and laboratory tests. The Fatigue Questionnaire(FQ) was used to measure fatigue. Linear and logistic regression models were applied to explore the possible association between vitamin D deficiency and total fatigue scores and chronic fatigue, respectively. The analyses were adjusted for age, gender, disease activity, depressive symptoms and sleep *** In total, 405 patients were included in the analyses, of which 227(56%) had Crohn's disease(CD) and 178(44%) had ulcerative colitis(UC). Vitamin D deficiency(< 50 nmol/L) was present in half(203/405) of the patients. Chronic fatigue was reported by 116(29%) of all included patients with substantial fatigue reported by 194(48%). Vitamin D levels were neither associated with total fatigue nor with chronic fatigue. Higher total fatigue scores and chronic fatigue were both associated with increased disease activity scores in patients with UC and CD, but not with increased CRP or fecal calprotectin. In UC patients, female gender was associated with fatigue in the univariate analysis, but no such difference was found when adjusted for elevated disease activity scores. Sleep disturbance and more depressive symptoms were associated with total fatigue scores in both UC and CD patients, but with chronic fatigue only in CD *** In this study, no significant association between fatigue and vitamin D deficiency in IBD patients was revealed.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Fatigue Chronic fatigue Vitamin D deficiency

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Impacts of CO2 and H2S on the risk of hydrate formation during pipeline transport of natural gas

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第3期13卷 616-627页

作者： Solomon A. Aromada bjorn Kvamme Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen5007 BergenNorway Strategic Carbon LLC Vestre Holbergsallmenningen 175011 BergenNorway

Evaluation of maximum content of water in natural gas before water condenses out at a given temperature and pressure is the initial step in hydrate risk analysis during pipeline transport of natural gas, The impacts of CO2 and ELS in natural gas on the maximum mole-fractions of water that can be tolerated during pipeline transport without the risk of hydrate nucleation has been studied using our novel thermodynamic scheme. Troll gas from the North Sea is used as a reference ease, it contains very negligible amount of CO2 and no H2S. Varying mole-fractions of CO2 and INS were introduced into the Troll gas, and the effects these inorganic impurities on the water tolerance of the system were evaluated. It is observed that CO2 does not cause any distinguishable impact on water tolerance of the system, but H2S does. Water tolerance decreases with increase in concentration of H2S. The impact of ethane on the system was also investigated. The maximum mole-fraction of water permitted in the gas to ensure prevention of hydrate formation also decreases with increase in the concentration of C2H6 like H2S. H2S has the most impact, it tolerates the least amount of water among the components studied.

关键词： hydrate hydrogen Sulphide CO2 dewpoint pipeline

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Interleukin 4-induced neuroprotection and regulation of microglia activation as a therapeutic approach in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第9期12卷 1433-1434页

作者： bjorn Spittau Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology Department of Molecular Embryology Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Institute of Anatomy University of Rostock

Parkinson＇s disease （PD） has been described as one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases affecting up to 2% of the worldwide population over 60 years of age. The hallmarks of PD are progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic （mDA） neurons and a decrease in striatal dopamine levels, which result in typ- ical clinical motor symptoms such as akinesia, resting tremor, rigidity, and gait impairments. Although the causes for PD are only partially understood and seem to be very heterogeneous, one of the common phenomenons observed in toxin-based an- imal models of PD as well as PD patients is a microglia-driven neuroinflammatory response,

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Hierarchical approach for fatigue cracking performance evaluation in asphalt pavements

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 257-269页

作者： Ibrahim ONIFADE Yared DINEGDAE bjorn BIRGISSON Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden School of Engineering and Applied Science Aston University Aston Triangle Birmingham B4 7ET United Kingdom

In this paper, a hierarchical approach is proposed for the evaluation of fatigue cracking in asphalt concrete pavements considering three different levels of complexities in the representation of the material behaviour, design parameters characterization and the determination of the pavement response as well as damage computation. Based on the developed hierarchical approach, three damage computation levels are identified and proposed. The levels of fatigue damage analysis provides pavement engineers a variety of tools that can be used for pavement analysis depending on the availability of data, required level of prediction accuracy and computational power at their disposal. The hierarchical approach also provides a systematic approach for the understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of pavement deterioration, the elimination of the empiricism associated with pavement design today and the transition towards the use of sound principles of mechanics in pavement analysis and design.

关键词： fatigue cracking energy based crack initiation mechanistic approach pavement analysis

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Taking Comfort in Points:The Appeal of the Norwegian Model in Sweden

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2018年第4期3卷 85-95页

作者： bjorn Hammarfelt Swedish School of Library and In formation Science University of BorasSweden

Purpose: The "Norwegian model" has become widely used for assessment and resource allocation purposes. This paper investigates why this model has becomes so widespread and influential. Approach: A theoretical background is outlined in which the reduction of "uncertainty" is highlighted as a key feature of performance measurement systems. These theories are then drawn upon when revisiting previous studies of the Norwegian model, its use, and reactions to it, in ***: The empirical examples, which concern more formal use on the level of universities as well as responses from individual researchers, shows how particular parts—especially the "publication indicator"—are employed in Swedish academia. The discussion posits that the attractiveness of the Norwegian model largely can be explained by its ability to reduce complexity and uncertainty, even in fields where traditional bibliometric measurement is less applicable. Research limitations: The findings presented should be regarded as examples that can be used for discussion, but one should be careful to interpret these as representative for broader sentiments and ***: The sheer popularity of the Norwegian model, leading to its application in contexts for which it was not designed, can be seen as a major challenge for the ***: This paper offers a novel perspective on the Norwegian model by focusing on its general "appeal", rather than on its design, use or(mis)-use.

关键词： The Norwegian model Sweden Uncertainty Bibliometric indicators Assessment systems

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Evaluation of Turbulence Models in Predicting Hypersonic and Subsonic Base Flows Using Grid Adaptation Techniques

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2012年第3期25卷 325-334页

作者： YOU Yancheng BUANGA bjorn HANNEMANN Volker LUDEKE Heinrich Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology German Aerospace Center (DLR) Braunschweig 38108 Germam Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology German Aerospace Center (DLR) Gottingen 37073 Germany Department of Aeronautics Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

The flows behind the base of a generic rocket, at both hypersonic and subsonic flow conditions, are numerically studied. The main concerns are addressed to the evaluation of turbulence models and the using of grid adaptation techniques. The investigation focuses on two configurations, related to hypersonic and subsonic experiments. The applicability tests of different turbu- lence models are conducted on the level of two-equation models calculating the steady state solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes（RANS） equations. All used models, the original Wilcox k-co, the Menter shear-stress transport （SST） and the ex- plicit algebraic Reynolds stress model（EARSM） formulation, predict an asymmetric base flow in both cases caused by the support of the models. A comparison with preliminary experimental results indicates a preference for the SST and EARSM results over the results from the older k-co model. Sensitivity studies show no significant influence of the grid topology or the location of the laminar to turbulent transition on the base flow field, but a strong influence of even small angles of attack is reported from the related experiments.

关键词： base flows turbulence models steady calculation grid adaptation numerical simulation

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Environmentally Adapted Hydropower in Sweden

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Small Hydro Power News 2006年第1期23卷 19-24页

作者： bjorn Svensson SwedPower AB Sweden

IntroductionThe alteration of watercourses has been extensive in Sweden as well as in other industrialised countries. Since the end of the last century the water table of about 2500 lakes have been lowered in order to reclaim farmland. More than 600 of these have been completely drained. This particular activity came to a halt at the end of the 1950s whereas the ditching of wetlands and dredging and channelisation of watercourses for the benefit of forestry are still ongoing activities. The regulation of rivers for the purpose of meeting differential needs of hydroelectric power commenced in the beginning of this century, At that time, the floating of timber constituted the economically most important profit from exploitation of northern Swedish rivers.

关键词：瑞典小水电水电站水资源

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Historical Bibliometrics Using Google Scholar: The Case of Roman Law, 1727–2016

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2020年第3期5卷 18-32页

作者： Janne Polonen bjorn Hammarfelt Federation of Finnish Learned Societies Snellmaninkatu 1300170 HelsinkiFinland Swedish School of Library and Information Science University of BorasAllegatan 1Boras50332Sweden

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the historical and linguistic coverage of Google Scholar, using publications in the field of Roman law as an ***/methodology/approach: To create a dataset of Roman law publications, we retrieved a total of 21,300 records of publications, published between years 1500 and 2016, with title including words denoting "Roman law" in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish. Findings: We were able to find publications dating back to 1727. The largest number of publications and authors date to the late 19th century, and this peak might be explained by the role of Roman law in French legal education at the time. Furthermore, we found exceptionally skewed concentration of publications to authors, as well as of citations to publications. We speculate that this could be explained by the long time-frame of the study, and the importance of classic works. Research limitation: Major limitations, and potential future work, relate to data quality, and cleaning, disambiguation of publications and authors, as well as comparing coverage with other data sources. Practical implications: We find Google Scholar to be a promising data source for historical bibliometrics. This approach may help bridge the gap between bibliometrics and the "digital humanities".Originality/value: Earlier studies have focused mainly on Google Scholar's coverage of publications and citations in general, or in specific fields. The historical coverage has, however, received less attention.

关键词： Historical bibliometrics Google Scholar Roman law

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