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100 years of high GEM concentration in the Central Italian Herbarium and Tropical Herbarium Studies Centre(Florence,Italy)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第1期32卷 377-388页

作者： Jacopo Cabassi Valentina Rimondi Zhang Yeqing antonella vacca Orlando Vaselli antonella Buccianti Pilario Costagliola Department of Earth Sciences University of FlorenceVia G.La Pira4-50121 FlorenceItaly CNR-Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources Via G.La Pira4-50121 FlorenceItaly

Up to 1980 s,the most used preservative for herbaria specimens was HgCl2,sublimating at ambient air conditions;ionic Hg then reduces to Hg0(gaseous elemental mercury,GEM)and diffuses throughout poor ventilated *** GEM levels may indeed persist for decades,representing a health *** this study,we present new GEM data from the Central Italian Herbarium and Tropical Herbarium Studies Centre of the University of Florence(Italy).These herbaria host one of the largest collection of plants in the ***,HgCl2 was documented as plant preservative up to the 1920 *** surveys were conducted in July 2013 and July and December 2017,to account for temporal and seasonal *** show GEM concentrations well above those of external locations,with peak levels within specimen storage cabinets,exceeding 50,000 ng/*** concentrations up to^7800 ng/m3 were observed where the most ancient collections are stored and no ventilation systems were *** the contrary,lower GEM concentrations were observed at the first ***,lower and more homogeneously distributed GEM concentrations were measured in 2017 than in 2013 since the air-conditioning system was updated in *** concentrations were similar to other herbaria worldwide and lower than Italian permissible exposure limit of 20,000 ng/m3(8-hr working day).Our results indicate that after a century from the latest HgCl2 treatment GEM concentrations are still high,i.e.,the treatment itself is almost *** conditioning and renewing is probably the less expensive and more effective method for GEM lowering.

关键词： Gaseous elemental mercury(GEM) Mercuric chloride Herbaria Florence Health safety

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Metabolic characterization of selected probiotic consortia during gluten and wheat bread simulated digestion

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Mirco vacca Giuseppe Celano Olga Nikoloudaki Bodo Speckmann Francesco Maria Calabrese Marco Gobbetti Maria de Angelis Faculty of Science and Technology， Free University of Bozen Evonik Operations GmbH Department of Soil Plant and Food Sciences， University of Bari Aldo Moro

While exerting their metabolic activities in the gastrointestinal milieu， probiotics impact the host well-being by boosting immunity， treating metabolic disorders， and modulating microbiota and metabolome. Due to the high incidence of gluten-based disorders， the present work aims to deeply explore the metabolism of two selected microbial consortia (MCs) during gluten digestion under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Featured by high protease and peptidase activity， both MCs accounted for different lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus strains that were combined with two commercial protease enzymes. Gluten substrates were used as purified extracts， white and whole wheat breads. Control samples， instead， relied onto the microbial enzyme lack. Twenty-four hours of simulated digestion were sufficient to completely hydrolyze gluten in one of the two MC-containing experimental sets， and the relative 48 h-digested extract did not alter the cytokine expression in duodenal biopsies from celiac disease (CeD) patients. When digested samples were assayed for antioxidant and phytase activities， microbial enzymes demonstrated to significantly improve both ABTS and DPPH values and to decrease the phytic acid concentration. The inspection of the free amino acid profiles allowed for distinguishing the two MCs， whereas the detection of a heterogeneous panel of volatile organic compounds supported the presence/activity of microbial enzymes without statistically significant differences between MCs. As functional contribution， digested extracts with MCs also proved to reduce the inflammatory cytokine concentrations in cell lines exposed to lipopolysaccharide trigger. Therefore， in line with studies exploring novel adjuvant therapies， the present innovative probiotic consortium featured by high gluten-hydrolyzing metabolism also showed the capability to improve various parameters usually found to be altered in patients affected by gluten-based disorders or CeD.

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Simplified Wave Models Applicability to Shallow Mud Flows Modeled as Power-Law Fluids

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第6期11卷 1454-1465页

作者： Cristiana DI CRISTO Michele IERVOLINO Andrea vacca DICeM Università di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale DICDEA Seconda Università di Napoli

Simplified wave models- such as kinematic,diffusion and quasi-steady- are widely employed as a convenient replacement of the full dynamic one in the analysis of unsteady open-channel flows,and especially for flood *** their use may guarantee a significant reduction of the computational effort,it is mandatory to define the conditions in which they may be confidently *** present paper investigates the applicability conditions of the kinematic,diffusion and quasisteady dynamic shallow wave models for mud flows of power-law *** power-law model describes in an adequate and convenient way fluids that at low shear rates fluids do not posses yield stress,such as clay or kaolin suspensions,which are frequently encountered in Chinese *** the framework of a linear analysis,the propagation characteristics of a periodic perturbation of an initial steady uniform flow predicted by the simplified models are compared with those of the full dynamic *** on this comparison,applicability criteria for the different wave approximations for mud flood of power-law fluids are *** presented results provide guidelines for selecting the appropriate approximation for a given flow problem,and therefore they may represent a useful tool for engineering predictions.

关键词： Power-law fluid Unsteady flows Shallow flows Simplified wave models

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Numerical simulation of mud-flows impacting structures

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第2期16卷 364-382页

作者： GRECO Massimo DI CRISTO Cristiana IERVOLINO Michele vacca Andrea DICEA Università di Napoli Federico II DI Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli

The study of the interaction of mud-flows with obstacles is important to define inundation zones in urban areas and to design the possible structural countermeasures. The paper numerically investigates the impact of a mud-flow on rigid obstacles to evaluate the force acting on them using two different depth-integrated theoretical models, Single-Phase Model(SPM) and Two-Phase Model(TPM), to compare their performance and limits. In the first one the water-sediment mixture is represented as a homogeneous continuum described by a shearthinning power-law rheology. Alternatively, the twophase model proposed by Di Cristo et al in 2016 is used, which separately accounts for the liquid and solid phases. The considered test cases are represented by a 1D landslide flowing on a steep slope impacting on a rigid wall and a 2D mud dam-break flowing on a horizontal bottom in presence of single and multiple rigid obstacles. In the 1D test case, characterized by a very steep slope, the Two-Phase Model predicts the separation between the two phases with a significant longitudinal variation of the solid concentration. In this case the results indicate appreciable differences between the two models in the estimation of both the wave celerity and the magnitude of the impact, with an overestimation of the peak force when using the Single-Phase Model. In the 2D test-cases, where the liquid and solid phases remain mixed, even if the flow fields predicted by the two models present some differences, the essential features of the interaction with the obstacles, along with the maximum impact force, are comparable.

关键词： Mud-Flow Impact force Two-phase model Power-law

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A two-phase model for fast geomorphic shallow flows

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2012年第4期27卷 409-425页

作者： Massimo GRECO Michele IERVOLINO Angelo LEOPARDI Andrea vacca Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica Geotecnica ed Ambientale-Universita di Napoli “Federico Ⅱ”via Claudio 21-80125 NapoliITALY Prof. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Meccanica-Universita di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale via Di Biasio 43-03043 Cassino(FR)ITALY Assis.Prof.Dr. 4. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile-Seconda Universita di Napolivia Roma 29-81031 Aversa(CE)ITALY Assoc.Prof.Dr. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile-Seconda Universita di Napoli via Roma 29-81031 Aversa(CE)ITALY Assis.Prof.Dr.

The paper introduces a 2D shallow water model based on a two-phase formulation for the analysis of fast geomorphic transients occurring in the context of river *** and momentum conservation principles are separately imposed for both *** model naturally accounts for non-equilibrium solid transport,since neither instantaneous adaptation hypothesis nor any lag equation is employed to represent sediment *** hyperbolic character of the proposed model is shown to be preserved independently on the flow *** from numerical simulations of both 1D and 2D test-cases are compared with literature experimental data and with available numerical solutions.

关键词： Morphodynamic model Non-equilibrium sediment transport Two-phase shallow-water model Eigenvalues analysis Dam-break flows

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WUI fire risk mitigation in Europe:A performance-based design approach at home-owner level

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2020年第2期1卷 97-105页

作者： Pascale vacca David Caballero Elsa Pastor Eulàlia Planas Centre for Technological Risk Studies Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya•BarcelonaTechEduard Maristany 10-14BarcelonaCatalonia E-08019Spain Pau Costa Foundation c.Castell 11TivissaTarragonaSpain

Fires at the Wildland-Urban Interface(WUI)are becoming increasingly hazardous for life safety and property *** and standards for fire practitioners are needed in order to help WUI communities face this threat and become fire-adapted.A performance-based design approach(PBD)is proposed to deal with the complex issues present at the WUI homeowner scale,which entails the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)tools such as FDS in order to identify vulnerabilities in a quantitative *** analysis of recent European WUI fires is presented,along with the definition of several pattern scenarios that can be derived from *** on this analysis,examples of PBD fire scenarios specific for the Mediterranean WUI microscale are presented,involving glazing systems,roofing and gutters,external structures adjacent to the main building,and gaps present in the building envelope.A worked example to show the implementation of the proposed PBD method is provided in which the fire impact of residential fuel on a glazing system is quantitatively analysed.

关键词： CFD simulation Wildland-urban interface Vulnerability assessment House loss Design fire scenarios

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Epidemiological transition of colorectal cancer in developing countries: Environmental factors, molecular pathways, and opportunities for prevention

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6055-6072页

作者： Faraz Bishehsari Mahboobeh Mahdavinia Michele vacca Reza Malekzadeh Renato Mariani-Costantini Division of Gastroenterology Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Division of Allergy-Immunology Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Medical Research Council-Human Nutrition Research MRC-HNR Cambridge CB1 9NL United Kingdom Institute of the Metabolic Science IMS Cambridge CB2 0QQ United Kingdom Digestive Oncology Research Center Digestive Disease Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Shariati Hospital Tehran *** Iran Unit of General Pathology Aging Research Center G. d’Annunzio University Foundation 66100 Chieti Italy Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences G. d’Annunzio University 66100 Chieti Italy

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the leading causes of cancer and cancer-related mortality *** disease has been traditionally a major health problem in industrial countries,however the CRC rates are increasing in the developing countries that are undergoing economic *** environmental risk factors,mainly changes in diet and life style,have been suggested to underlie the rise of CRC in these *** and lifestyle impinge on nuclear receptors,on the intestinal microbiota and on crucial molecular pathways that are implicated in intestinal *** this respect,the epidemiological transition in several regions of the world offers a unique opportunity to better understand CRC carcinogenesis by studying the disease phenotypes and their environmental and molecular associations in different *** data from these studies may have important implications for the global prevention and treatment of CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Developing countries Environment Diet Nuclear receptors Gut microbiota

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VRML clearly explained Boston :

VRML clearly explained

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1998年

作者： John vacca.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Human NK cells: surface receptors, inhibitory checkpoints, and translational applications

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第5期16卷 430-441页

作者： Simona Sivori Paola vacca Genny Del Zotto Enrico Munari Maria Cristina Mingari Lorenzo Moretta Department of Experimental Medicine(DIMES)and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research(CEBR) University of GenoaGenoaItaly Department of Immunology IRCCS Bambino GesuChildren’s HospitalRomeItaly Department of Research and Diagnostics Istituto G.GasliniGenoaItaly Department of Diagnostics and Public Health University of VeronaVeronaItaly Department of Pathology Sacro Cuore Don CalabriaNegrarVRItaly UOC Immunologia IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino GenovaGenoaItaly

NK cells play important roles in innate defenses against viruses and in the control of tumor growth and *** regulation/induction of NK cell function is mediated by an array of activating or inhibitory surface *** humans,major activating receptors involved in target cell killing are the natural cytotoxicity receptors(NCRs)and *** receptors recognize ligands that are overexpressed or expressed de novo upon cell stress,viral infection,or tumor *** HLA-class I-specific inhibitory receptors,including KIRs recognizing HLA-class I allotypic determinants and CD94/NKG2A recognizing the class-Ib HLA-E,constitute a fail-safe mechanism to avoid unwanted NK-mediated damage to healthy *** receptors such as PD-1,primarily expressed by activated T lymphocytes,are important inhibitory checkpoints of immune responses that ensure T-cell ***-1 also may be expressed by NK cells in cancer *** PD-1 ligand(PD-L1)may be expressed by different tumors,PD-1/PD-L1 interactions inactivate both T and NK ***,the reliable evaluation of PD-L1 expression in tumors has become a major issue to select patients who may benefit from therapy with mAbs disrupting PD-1/PD-L1 ***,NKG2A was revealed to be an important checkpoint controlling both NK and T-cell *** most tumors express HLA-E,mAbs targeting NKG2A has been used alone or in combination with other therapeutic mAbs targeting PD-1 or tumor antigens(e.g.,EGFR),with encouraging *** translational value of NK cells and their receptors is evidenced by the extraordinary therapeutic success of haploidentical HSCT to cure otherwise fatal high-risk leukemias.

关键词： Human NK cells NK receptors Inhibitory checkpoints Immunotherapy

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Identify multiple myeloma stem cells: Utopia?

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第1期7卷 84-95页

作者： Ilaria Saltarella Aurelia Lamanuzzi Antonia Reale Angelo vacca Roberto Ria Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Section of Internal Medicine "G. Baccelli" University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School Policlinico I-70124 Bari Italy

Multiple myeloma(MM) is a hematologic malignancy of monoclonal plasma cells which remains incurable despite recent advances in therapies. The presence of cancer stem cells(CSCs) has been demonstrated in many solid and hematologic tumors, so the idea of CSCs has been proposed for MM, even if MM CSCs have not been define yet. The existence of myeloma CSCs with clonotypic B and clonotypic non B cells was postulated by many groups. This review aims to focus on these distinct clonotypic subpopulations and on their ability to develop and sustain MM. The bone marrow microenvironment provides to MM CSCs self-renewal, survival and drug resistance thanks to the presence of normal and cancer stem cell niches. The niches and CSCs interact each other through adhesion molecules and the interplay between ligands and receptors activate stemness signaling(Hedgehog, Wnt and Notch pathways). MM CSCs are also supposed to be responsible for drug resistance that happens in three steps from the initial cancer cell homing microenvironment-mediated to development of microenvironment-independent drug resistance. In this review, we will underline all these aspects of MM CSCs.

关键词： Bone marrow microenvironment Cancerstem cells Multiple myeloma Stem cells niche Stemness

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