Identify multiple myeloma stem cells: Utopia?

作     者：Ilaria Saltarella Aurelia Lamanuzzi Antonia Reale Angelo Vacca Roberto Ria 

作者机构：Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Section of Internal Medicine "G. Baccelli" University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School Policlinico I-70124 Bari Italy 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Stem Cells》 (世界干细胞杂志（英文版）（电子版）)

年 卷 期：2015年第7卷第1期

页      面：84-95页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro,AIRC 5×1000 Molecular Clinical Oncology Special Program,Milan,IT,No.9965 by the European Commission’s Seventh Framework Programme(EU FPT7)under grant agreement No.278706(OVERMy R) by MIUR PRIN 2010NECHBX 

主　　题：Bone marrow microenvironment Cancerstem cells Multiple myeloma Stem cells niche Stemness 

摘      要：Multiple myeloma(MM) is a hematologic malignancy of monoclonal plasma cells which remains incurable despite recent advances in therapies. The presence of cancer stem cells(CSCs) has been demonstrated in many solid and hematologic tumors, so the idea of CSCs has been proposed for MM, even if MM CSCs have not been define yet. The existence of myeloma CSCs with clonotypic B and clonotypic non B cells was postulated by many groups. This review aims to focus on these distinct clonotypic subpopulations and on their ability to develop and sustain MM. The bone marrow microenvironment provides to MM CSCs self-renewal, survival and drug resistance thanks to the presence of normal and cancer stem cell niches. The niches and CSCs interact each other through adhesion molecules and the interplay between ligands and receptors activate stemness signaling(Hedgehog, Wnt and Notch pathways). MM CSCs are also supposed to be responsible for drug resistance that happens in three steps from the initial cancer cell homing microenvironment-mediated to development of microenvironment-independent drug resistance. In this review, we will underline all these aspects of MM CSCs.