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Models to predict injury, physical fitness failure and attrition in recruit training: a retrospective cohort study

Military Medical Research 2020年第4期7卷 391-400页

作者： Robin M.Orr Bruce S.Cohen Stephen C.allison Lakmini Bulathsinhala Edward j.Zambraski Mark jaffrey Tactical Research Unit Bond University2 Promethean WayGold CoastRobinaQLD 4226Australia United States Army Research Institute for Environmental Medicine NatickMA 01760USA Defence Science and Technology Group Port MelbourneVIC 3207Australia

Background:Attrition rate in new army recruits is higher than in incumbent *** the current study,we identified the risk factors for attrition due to injuries and physical fitness failure in recruit training.A variety of predictive models were ***:This retrospective cohort included 19,769 Army soldiers of the Australian Defence Force receiving recruit training during a period from 2006 to *** them,7692 reserve soldiers received a 28-day training course,and the remaining 12,077 full-time soldiers received an 80-day training *** data included anthropometric measures,course-specific variables,injury,and physical fitness *** regression was used to develop a variety of models to predict the rate of attrition due to injuries and physical fitness *** area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to compare the performance of the ***:In the overall analysis that included both the 28-day and 80-day courses,the incidence of injury of any type was 27.8%.The 80-day course had a higher rate of injury if calculated per course(34.3%vs.17.6%in the 28-day course),but lower number of injuries per person-year(1.56 vs.2.29).Fitness test failure rate was significantly higher in the 28-day course(30.0%vs.12.1%).The overall attrition rate was 5.2%and 5.0%in the 28-day and 80-day courses,*** fracture was common in the 80-day course(n=44)and rare in the 28-day course(n=1).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the course-specific predictive models were relatively low(ranging from 0.51 to 0.69),consistent with"failed"to"poor"predictive *** course-combined models performed somewhat better than the course-specific models,with two models having AUC of 0.70 and 0.78,which are considered"fair"predictive ***:Attrition rate was similar between 28-day and 80-day *** comparison to the 80-day full course,the 28-day course had a lower rat

关键词： Military training Predictive modelling Risk management Soldier

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Cold adaptation does not alter ATP homeostasis during cold exposure in Drosophila melanogaster

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 471-481页

作者： Caroline M.WILLIAMS james R.ROCCA Arthur S.EDISON David B.allison Theodore j.MORGAN Daniel A.HAHN Department of Integrative Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Departments of Entomology and Nematology University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Biochemistry University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Facility McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA Departments of Genetics and Biochemistry Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthIndiana University BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA Division of Biology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA

In insects and other ectotherms,cold temperatures cause a coma resulting from loss of neuromuscular function,during which ionic and metabolic homeostasis are progressively *** adaptation improves homeostasis during cold exposure,but the ultimate targets of selection are still an open *** acclimation and adaptation remodels mitochondrial metabolism in insects,suggesting that aerobic energy production during cold exposure could be a target of ***,we test the hypothesis that cold adaptation improves the ability to maintain rates of aerobic energy production during cold exposure by using^(31)P NMR on live *** lines of Drosophila melanogaster artificially selected for fast and slow recovery from a cold coma,we show that cold exposure does not lower ATP levels and that cold adaptation does not alter aerobic ATP production during cold ***-hardy and cold-susceptible lines both experienced a brief transition to anaerobic metabolism during cooling,but this was rapidly reversed during cold exposure,suggesting that oxidative phosphorylation was sufficient to meet energy demands below the critical thermal minimum,even in cold-susceptible *** thus reject the hypothesis that performance under mild low temperatures is set by aerobic ATP supply limitations in ***,excluding oxygen and capacity limitation as a weak link in energy *** work suggests that the modulations to mitochondrial metabolism resulting from cold acclimation or adaptation may arise from selection on a biosynthetic product(s)of those pathways rather than selection on ATP supply during cold exposure.

关键词： chill coma energetics insect oxygen limitation thermal tolerance

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Novel polysaccharide-protein conjugates provide an immunogenic 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for ***

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2017年第1期2卷 49-58页

作者： allison E.B.Turner jonas E.Gerson Helen Y.So Daniel j.Krasznai Adrienne j.St.Hilaire Donald F.Gerson Vaccine Research and Development PnuVax Incorporated Headquarters134 Albert St.KingstonOntarioK7L 3V2Canada Vaccine Research and Development PnuVax Incorporated Laboratories6000 Royalmount Ave.MontrealQuebecH4P 2T1Canada

Pneumonia remains the single leading cause of childhood death *** the commercial availability of multiple pneumococcal conjugate vaccines(PCVs),high dosage cost and supply shortages prevent PCV delivery to much of the developing *** current work presents high-yield pneumococcal conjugates that are immunogenic in animals and suitable for use in human vaccine *** 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine(PCV-13)investigated in this research incorporated serotypes 1,3,4,5,6A,6B,7F,9V,14,18C,19A,19F,and *** polysaccharides(PnPSs)and CRM197 carrier protein were produced and purified in-house,and used to prepare PnPS-CRM conjugates using unique,cyanide-free,in vacuo glycation conjugation *** vitro characterization confirmed the generation of higher molecular weight PnPS-CRM conjugates low in free *** vivo animal studies were performed to compare PnuVax's PCV-13 to the commercially available PCV-13,Prevnar®13(Pfizer,USA).A boost dose was provided to all groups post-dose 1 at t?14 ***-dose 2 results at t?28 days showed that all 13 serotypes in PnuVax's PCV-13 were *** serotype IgG GMCs demonstrated that PnuVax's PCV-13 is immunogenic for all 13 serotypes,with 10 of the 13 serotypes statistically the same or higher than Prevnar®13 post-dose *** a result,the novel polysaccharideprotein conjugates developed in this work are highly promising for use in human PCV *** in vacuo conjugation technique applied in this work could also be readily adapted to develop many other conjugate vaccines.

关键词： Pneumonia Vaccine development PCV Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Polysaccharide Carrier protein In vacuo glycation

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Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound to increase localized blood-spinal cord barrier permeability

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第12期12卷 2045-2049页

作者： allison H.Payne Gregory W.Hawryluk Yoshimi Anzai Henrik Odéen Megan A.Ostlie Ethan C.Reichert Amanda j.Stump Satoshi Minoshima Donna j.Cross Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA Department of Neurosurgery University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA

Spinal cord injury（SCI） affects thousands of people every year in the USA, and most patients are left with some permanent paralysis. Therapeutic options are limited and only modestly affect outcome. To address this issue, we used magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound（MRg FUS） as a non-invasive approach to increase permeability in the blood-spinal cord barrier（BSCB）. We hypothesize that localized, controlled sonoporation of the BSCB by MRg FUS will aid delivery of therapeutics to the injury. Here, we report our preliminary findings for the ability of MRg FUS to increase BSCB permeability in the thoracic spinal cord of a normal rat model. First, an excised portion of normal rat spinal column was used to characterize the acoustic field and to estimate the insertion losses that could be expected in an MRg FUS blood spinal cord barrier opening. Then, in normal rats, MRg FUS was applied in combination with intravenously administered microbubbles to the spinal cord region. Permeability of the BSCB was indicated as signal enhancement by contrast administered prior to T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and verified by Evans blue dye. Neurological testing using the Basso, Beattie, and Breshnahan scale and the ladder walk was normal in 8 of 10 rats tested. Two rats showed minor impairment indicating need for further refinement of parameters. No gross tissue damage was evident by histology. In this study, we have opened successfully the blood spinal cord barrier in the thoracic region of the normal rat spine using magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound combined with microbubbles.

关键词： focused ultrasound spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging contrast-enhanced blood-spinalcord barrier

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Multi-Institutional US Experience of the Occlutech AFR Device in Congenital and Acquired Heart Disease

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第1期17卷 107-116页

作者： Barry O’Callaghan jenny Zablah joseph Vettukattil Daniel Levi Morris Salem allison Cabalka jason Anderson Makram Ebeid Ryan Alexy Gareth j.Morgan The Heart Institute Children’s Hospital ColoradoAuroraUSA Pediatric Cardiology Helen DeVos Children’s HospitalGrand RapidsUSA Pediatric Cardiology UCLA HealthMattel Children’s HospitalLos AngelesUSA Pediatric Cardiology UCLA Medical CentreLos AngelesUSA Pediatric Cardiology Mayo ClinicRochesterUSA Pediatric Cardiology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonUSA Pediatric Cardiology Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University HealthIndianapolisUSA

Objectives:To detail the US multi-institutional experience with the Occlutech©(Occlutech International AB,Helsingborg,Sweden)atrial flow regulator(AFR)in children and adults with acquired or congenital heart ***:The creation of a long-term atrial communication is desirable in several cardiovascular disease phenotypes,most notably pulmonary arterial hypertension,disorders of increased left ventricular filling and increased cavopulmonary pressures in patients with a Fontan type ***:Patients were identified for inclusion from the AFR device manufacturer *** was collected using a RedCap database following IRB approval.8 weeks of follow up data was sought for each patient based on available *** was analyzed and summarized using ***:We report the experience of 6 US centers in the implantation of AFR devices in 15 patients,across a wide age range,with different disease phenotypes and a variety of *** was technically successful in all patients and improvement was noted in both clinical and hemodynamic *** were no immediate or intermediate term complications reported.3 patients died remote from *** deaths were not felt to be related to the AFR device or related procedural ***:Compassionate use of the AFR device in children and adults with congenital&acquired heart disease is technically feasible and produces beneficial short term hemodynamic and symptomatic *** uptake of this technique and treatment at specialist centers has the potential to provide significant benefits to a variety of complex patients with currently limited treatment options and indeterminate prognosis.

关键词： Congenital heart disease pulmonary hypertension left atrial hypertension single ventricle palliation diastolic heart failure

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压铸过程中铸件-铸型界面换热系数与铸件凝固速率的关系

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金属学报 2009年第1期45卷 102-106页

作者：郭志鹏熊守美 Mei Li john allison 清华大学机械工程系先进成形制造教育部重点实验室北京100084 Research ＆ Advanced Engineering Department Scientific Research Laboratory Ford Motor Company Dearborn MI 48121 USA

在实际压铸实验的基础上,求解了铸件-铸型界面换热系数h与铸件凝固速率v的关系.结果表明,二者呈线性变化关系:h=k_(h-v)·v+ω(其中,斜率k_(h-v)为铸型初始表面温度及铸件厚度的函数,ω为常数);通过线性拟合确定k_(h-v)和ω值,从而确立... 详细信息

在实际压铸实验的基础上,求解了铸件-铸型界面换热系数h与铸件凝固速率v的关系.结果表明,二者呈线性变化关系:h=k_(h-v)·v+ω(其中,斜率k_(h-v)为铸型初始表面温度及铸件厚度的函数,ω为常数);通过线性拟合确定k_(h-v)和ω值,从而确立换热系数与铸件凝固速率的关系.这种关系同时适用于镁合金AM50和铝合金ADC12.

关键词：压铸界面换热系数凝固速率镁合金AM50 铝合金ADC12

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Management of symptomatic neuromas:a narrative review of the most common surgical treatment modalities in amputees

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 120-132页

作者： Sahand C.Eftekari Peter j.Nicksic allison j.Seitz D’Andrea T.Donnelly Aaron M.Dingle Samuel O.Poore Division of Plastic Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthG5-347 Clinical Sciences CenterMadisonWI 53711USA

Symptomatic neuromas are an all-too-common complication following limb amputation or extremity trauma,leading to chronic and debilitating pain for *** resection of symptomatic neuromas has proven to be the superior method of intervention,but traditional methods of neuroma resection do not address the underlying pathophysiology leading to the formation of a future symptomatic neuroma and lead to high reoperation *** approaches employ the physiology of peripheral nerve injury to harness the regeneration of nerves to their *** review explores the underlying pathophysiology of neuroma formation and centralization of pain *** compares the traditional surgical approach for symptomatic neuroma resection and describes three novel surgical strategies that harness this pathophysiology of neuroma formation to their *** traditional resection of symptomatic neuromas is currently the standard of care for amputation patients,but new techniques including the regenerative peripheral nerve interface,targeted muscle reinnervation,and intraosseous transposition have shown promise in improving patient pain outcomes for postamputation pain and residual limb *** neuromas are a chronic and debilitating complication following amputation procedures and trauma,and the current standard of care does not address the underlying pathophysiology leading to the formation of the *** techniques are under development that may provide improved patient pain outcomes and a higher level of care for symptomatic neuroma resection.

关键词： Neuromas regenerative peripheral nerve interface targeted muscle reinnervation osseointegrated neural interface amputation

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“Autoinflammatory psoriasis”-genetics and biology of pustular psoriasis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第2期18卷 307-317页

作者： Ranjitha Uppala Lam C.Tsoi Paul W.Harms Bo Wang allison C.Billi Emanual Maverakis j.Michelle Kahlenberg Nicole L.Ward johann E.Gudjonsson Graduate Program in Immunology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Dermatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Pathology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Dermatology University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCAUSA Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA A.Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute Ann ArborMIUSA Departments of Nutrition and Dermatology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that has a fairly wide range of clinical *** psoriasis,which is the most common manifestation of psoriasis,is located on one end of the spectrum,dominated by adaptive immune responses,whereas the rarer pustular psoriasis lies on the opposite end,dominated by innate and autoinflammatory immune *** recent years,genetic studies have identified six genetic variants that predispose to pustular psoriasis,and these have highlighted the role of IL-36 cytokines as central to pustular psoriasis *** this review,we discuss the presentation and clinical subtypes of pustular psoriasis,contribution of genetic predisposing variants,critical role of the IL-36 family of cytokines in disease pathophysiology,and treatment perspectives for pustular *** further outline the application of appropriate mouse models for the study of pustular psoriasis and address the outstanding questions and issues related to our understanding of the mechanisms involved in pustular psoriasis.

关键词： Pustular psoriasis Genetics IL-36 Autoinflammation Clinical features Histology

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Child Abuse during the Pandemic and Trauma-Informed Care: A Review of Evidence-Based Literature

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Health 2023年第9期15卷 1003-1012页

作者： allison j. DiPlacido Linda Leitzel Brayden Kameg Betty j. Braxter Rose Constantino School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA

Abuse of infants and children is a public health problem that warrants immediate attention. It is estimated that over 7 million children are affected by child abuse yearly, with the highest rate of abuse in those less than one year of age. Approximately 60% of child abuse victims are children under the age of three years, making infants and young children a particularly vulnerable population. Interventions targeting the perinatal period can be effective in mitigating child abuse, including parent education programs and trauma-informed care services. This paper provides an overview of the current evidence base related to child abuse following the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on prevention and intervention strategies that can be utilized to increase caregiver support and reduce child abuse rates during the perinatal period.

关键词： Neonates Newborn Infant Child Abuse Perinatal Trauma-Informed Care

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A challenging case of alpha-fetoprotein-result discrepancies in a patient with chronic hepatitis B

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Gastroenterology Report 2020年第6期8卷 484-486,I0003页

作者： Pir A.Shah allison Onken Rizwan Ishtiaq Muhammad H.Maqsood Shyam S.Patel Karen j.Campoverde Reyes Adrianna Z.Herskovits Daryl T.Y.Lau Department of Medicine Liver CenterDivision of GastroenterologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Pathology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)is the most abundant serum protein found in the human fetus,produced by the yolk sac and the liver[1].The levels of maternal serum AFP reach a peak value at28-32 weeks of gestation and decrease rapidly after birth and usually drop to the normal at 8-12 months of *** normal serum AFP level for an adult is<20 ng/mL[2].In contrast,livertumor cells usually synthesize and secrete an increased level of *** ultrasound and AFP are generally recommended as the screening modality for HCC for patients at risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)[1].AFP-L3,an isoform of AFP that binds Lens culinaris agglutinin,can be particularly useful in the early identification of aggressive HCC[2].These assays,however,can generate false-positive and false-negative AFP *** patients with advanced HCC,20%had normal AFP levels,whereas some patients with liver diseases had significant AFP elevation without liver cancer in long-term surveillance[3].Elevated AFP levels could be associated with active liver diseases with hepatocyte regeneration[4,5].In that setting,the AFP level will decline with improvement of the underlying liver *** case illustrated the dilemma and uncertainties as a result of persistent abnormal AFP values after extensive clinical investigations.

关键词：甲胎蛋白 fetus false

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