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Stem Cells and Exosomes-associated Therapeutic Applications

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第6期8卷 232-246页

作者： Usama ahmed Muhammad abubakar Rooma Ayyoub Baqaur Rehman Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with sizes from 30 to 150 nm in diameter and modulate the transport of multiple intracellular biological molecules including proteins,nucleic acids,lipids,and *** regulate a large number of cells and are involved in different pathological and physiological activities including carcinogenesis,viral infection,cell-cell communication and immune responses as *** cell-derived exosomes carry many benefits over simple stem cells in the form of easy access,freedom from tumourigenic capabilities,non-infusion toxicity,effortless preservation,and *** have almost the same properties and perform functions effectively in the same way as their parental cells do like adult stem cells and embryonic stem *** to their pluripotent or multipotent abilities,stem cells(SCs)transform into several types of *** addition to other secretions,SC also give exosomes,which in turn shows therapeutic significance for many disorders,including cancer,diabetes mellitus,skin allergies and regenerative *** originating from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have miRNAs,lipids,and proteins that trigger diabetes and cancer situations in *** from SCs(sc-exos)are preferred to SC as there are fewer side effects and other challenges,including effectiveness,drug delivery,lower immunogenicity and *** the current review,we summarize the data from the last 5 years'articles about exosomes and stem cell-derived microvesicles for the therapeutic potential of various diseases such as cancer,Alzheimer's disease,diabetes,and Parkinson's disease with clinical challenges and future aspects.

关键词： Stem cells Exosomes Therapeutic Cancer Parkinson Diabetes

Advancing Cancer Stem Cell-Targeted Therapeutic Applications

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 32-45页

作者： Muhammad abubakar Rooma Ayyoub Baqaur Rehman Muhammad Zubair Usama ahmed Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan 2Institute of Biological SciencesKhwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar KhanPakistan 3Department of MedicineSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060China

Cancer stem cells(CSCs),first identified in blood cancers,are increasingly recognized as significant biomarkers and targets in tumor therapy due to their metastatic potential and role in cancer *** research has demonstrated the dedication of scientists in targeting CSCs to explore novel therapeutic *** types of cancer exhibit metastasis,heterogeneity,and resistance to treatment,all of which are influenced by *** cells utilize various transcription factors and signaling pathways to carry out these *** identifying and understanding these pathways,new therapeutic breakthroughs can be ***,targeting cancer stem cells holds great potential and importance in cancer ***,CSCs offer promising avenues for treating otherwise incurable ***,targeting CSCs presents challenges such as immunological rejection and disease *** research into CSCs may reveal new insights in the fight against cancer and ultimately improve human *** review explores the roles of CSCs in cancer development and treatment,aiming to uncover new therapeutic approaches.

关键词： Cancer stem cells Cancer Therapy

Exploring Novel Therapeutic Breakthroughs for Cancers:Potential Roles of miRNAs

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 11-24页

作者： Muhammad abubakar Rooma Ayyoub Baqaur Rehman Muhammad Naeem Kiani Usama ahmed Jawaria Farooq Areeb Anwar Usmani Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RdIslamabad Capital Territory 45550Pakistan Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Medicine School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen 518060PR China Department of Zoology The Government Sadiq College Women University BahawalpurPakistan Research Coordinator Department of SurgeryAga Khan University and Hospital KarachiPakistan

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding RNAs,19-25 nucleotides in length,that regulate gene *** are involved in various cellular,biological,and pathological activities,including the development and progression of malignant *** studies have highlighted the significant roles of miRNA deregulation in various cancer types,involving critical pathways such as gene deletions and amplifications,abnormal epigenetic changes,and dysfunctional miRNA regulatory *** can function both as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in different *** cancer hallmarks are associated with deregulated miRNAs,including resistance to cell death,metastasis,sustained proliferative signaling,promotion of angiogenesis,and the suppression of growth *** research has demonstrated that miRNAs contribute to drug resistance in tumor cells by targeting genes linked to drug resistance or by influencing genes that regulate the cell cycle,apoptosis,and proliferation.A single miRNA often has tissue-specific regulatory functions and can affect multiple *** miRNA types have been identified as potential biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and critical targets for novel therapeutic *** review aims to explore the role of miRNAs in cancer progression,metastasis,and potential therapeutic interventions.

关键词： MicroRNAs Cancer Treatment

Sero-Prevalence and Risk factors of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in Afgoye District Lower Shabelle Region, Somalia

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 11-20页

作者： ahmed Mohamed ahmed Sumaya Hassan Ali Abdisalam Mohamed Ali Abdirazack Saleban Osman Binti abubakar Mohamed Abdifatah Mohamud Ibar Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed Mohamed Abdelrahman Mohamed ahmed Ali Omar Zakaria Ibrahim Issack College of Veterinary Medicine Abrar University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry Somali National University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary Science Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia

Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory disease of cattle and water buffalo, caused by the Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides. It induces significant economic losses and leads to a severe livestock production problem, negatively influencing people’s livelihoods of affected countries. In Somalia, there is no updated data on the prevalence and distribution of the disease. Hence, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to June 2023 in different villages under the Afgoye District of lower Shabelle region, Somalia. The main purpose of this study is to assess the sero-prevalence and identify the associated risk factors for the occurrence of the disease. In this study, villages, age, sex, breed, and body condition were considered as risk factors. A total of 90 blood samples were collected and tested in the laboratory using the Anti-CBPP Elisa kit test. Out of 90 serum samples from herd cattle, 32 were positive, resulting in an overall prevalence of 35.5%. In addition, we found a statistically significant variation between the prevalence of the disease and factors such as sex, age, body condition and breeds. In summary, the overall prevalence of Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in this study area is worth to be considered because there is a low quality of health care and less awareness of the Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia effects on herds, which warrants the official authorities to act and follow appropriate preventive and control measures to reduce the incidence of the disease and generate appropriate controlling and prevention measures in all regions of Somalia.

关键词： Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Sero-Prevalence Cattle Somalia Mycoplasma Cross Sectional Study

Efficiency test of modeled empirical equations in predicting soil loss from ephemeral gully erosion around Mubi,Northeast Nigeria

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2016年第1期4卷 12-19页

作者： Ijasini John Tekwa abubakar Musa Kundiri alhaji Maigana Chiroma Department of Agricultural Technology The Federal PolytechnicP.M.B 35MubiAdamawa StateNigeria Department of Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureFederal University DutseP.M.B 7156DutseJigawa StateNigeria Department of Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of MaiduguriP.M.B 1069MaiduguriBorno StateNigeria

A field study was carried out to assess soil loss from ephemeral gully(EG)erosion at 6 different locations(Digil,Vimtim,Muvur,Gella,Lamorde and Madanya)around the Mubi area between April,2008 and October,*** location consisted of 3 watershed sites from where data was *** shape,land use,and conservation practices were noted,while EG length,width,and depth were ***-chemical properties of the soils were studied in the field and *** loss was both measured and predicted using modeled empirical *** showed that the soils are heterogeneous and lying on flat to hilly topographies with few grasses,shrubs and tree *** soils comprised of sand fractions that predominated the texture,with considerable silt and clay *** empirical soil loss was generally related with the measured soil loss and the predictions were widely reliable at all sites,regardless of *** measured and empirical aggregate soil loss were more related in terms of volume of soil loss(VSL)(r^(2)=0.93)and mass of soil loss(MSL)(r^(2)=0.92),than area of soil loss(ASL)(r^(2)=0.27).The empirical estimates of VSL and MSL were consistently higher at Muvur(less vegetation)and lower at Madanya and Gella(denser vegetations)in both *** maximum efficiency(M_(se))of the empirical equation in predicting ASL was between 1.41(Digil)and 89.07(Lamorde),while the M_(se) was higher at Madanya(2.56)and lowest at Vimtim(15.66)in terms of VSL prediction *** M_(se) also ranged from 1.84(Madanya)to 15.74(Vimtim)in respect of MSL *** results led to the recommendation that soil conservationists,farmers,private and/or government agencies should implement the empirical model in erosion studies around Mubi area.

关键词： Empirical model Soil loss Prediction efficiency Ephemeral gully erosion Mubi Northeast Nigeria

Techno-Economic Analysis of a Grid-Connected Waste to Energy Gasification Plant:A Case Study

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Energy Engineering 2021年第6期118卷 1681-1701页

作者： ahmed abubakar Elwan Mohammed Hafiz Habibuddin Department of Electrical Power Engineering Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor Bahru81310Malaysia

With population growth around the world,municipal waste disposal and continued energy demand becomes some of the major challenges to deal *** order to address these,an approach is required for an optimal waste management system that offers the population benefit with a lower environmental *** study evaluates the technical-economic and environmental impact analysis of a grid-connected waste to energy(WtE)plant to power a Univerisiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)*** energy recovery potential of the waste stream was assessed using the life cycle assessment(LCA)method with GaBi^(TM) software(version 4).A technical,economic and environmental analysis was then carried out for the grid-connected WtE system using HOMERPro software with gasification conversion *** cash flow analysis was based on levelized costs of energy(LCOE)and total net present value(NPV).The results gave an NPV for the system at USD 1.11×10^(7),with most of the effects resulting from the grid operating costs and the LCOE of USD 0.43/kWh compared to the grid unit price of USD 0.7/kWh which corresponds to a saving of$0.27/kWh in energy *** an environmental point of view,the results showed a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from around 2,000 tons per year to around 400 tons per *** regard to the amount of waste sent to landfills,the results show a significant improvement from 142,605.5 kg/year to 0.13 kg/year.

关键词： Waste to energy techno-economic analysis solid waste gasification

Development and Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties of Coconut Fibre Reinforced Low Density Polyethylene Composite

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2022年第3期12卷 83-97页

作者： ahmed Mohammed Bukar abubakar Mohammed El-Jummah Abba alhaji Hammajam Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria

This research work developed and evaluated the mechanical properties of coconut fibre reinforced low density polyethylene (LPDE) composite material. The effect of fibre loading on the mechanical properties: tensile, flexural, and impact of the developed composite material have been investigated. Also carried out was the effect of fibre loading on the water absorptivity of the developed material. Sample categories of the developed composite were prepared by varying the fibre contents by weight at 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%. The aim is to reduce the excessive waste disposal of LDPE materials that are largely found in the form of disposed water package materials (or pure water sachets) that usually affects the environment in the form of pollution. The water retting process was applied in extracting and cleaning fibre (or coir), while the mixed coir-LDPE (or developed composite material) was prepared by Compression Moulding Technique (CMT). The tensile and flexural properties were tested using Hounsfield Monsanto Tensometer (type w) while the impact properties were tested using the Charpy Impact testing machine. The microstructure of the composite was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The fractured surface morphology of the composite samples indicated a homogeneous mixture of the coir fibre and LDPE matrix. However, weak interfacial bonding between the coir fibre and LDPE matrix was also observed. The analysis of the water absorptivity showed that the developed composite materials have low water absorptivity at low fibre loading. However, at higher fibre loading, the water absorptivity increases significantly.

关键词： Coconut Fibre Low Density Polyethylene Composite Mechanical Properties Water Absorptivity

Non-Associative Property of 123-Avoiding Class of Aunu Permutation Patterns

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2016年第2期6卷 51-57页

作者： Aminu alhaji Ibrahim Sa’idu Isah abubakar Department of Mathematics Sokoto State University Sokot Nigeria

This paper presents the non-associative and non-commutative properties of the 123-avoiding patterns of Aunu permutation patterns. The generating function of the said patterns has been reported earlier by the author [1] [2]. The paper describes how these non-associative and non commutative properties can be established by using the Cayley table on which a binary operation is defined to act on the 123-avoiding and 132-avoiding patterns of Aunu permutations using a pairing scheme. Our results have generated larger matrices from permutations of points of the Aunu patterns of prime cardinality. It follows that the generated symbols can be used in further studies and analysis in cryptography and game theory thereby providing an interdisciplinary approach and applications of these important permutation patterns.

关键词： Non-Associative Non-Commutative Permutation Pattern Avoidance 123-Avoiding Aunu Patterns Cayley Tables Ecetra

Antiacanthamoebic properties of natural and marketed honey in Pakistan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第11期6卷 967-972页

作者： Farzana abubakar Yousuf Malik Hassan Mehmood Abdul Malik Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui Naveed ahmed Khan Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Aga Khan University Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science and Technology Sunway University

Objective: To determine antiacanthamoebic activity of natural and marketed honey ***: Natural honey samples were collected directly from the bee hive and marketed honey samples were purchased from the local market in Karachi, Pakistan. Both honey samples were tested for their flavonoid content(quercetin equivalent per gram of the extract) and phenolic content(gallic acid equivalent per gram). Furthermore, their antioxidant activity was determined by measuring 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. Using amoebistatic and amoebicidal assays, the effects of honey samples were tested against growth and viability of Acanthamoeba ***: Natural honey exhibited potent amoebistatic and amoebicidal effects, in a concentration-dependent manner. Honey-treated Acanthamoeba castellanii showed loss of acanthopodia, following which amoebae detached, rounded up, reduced in size,decreased in cytoplasmic mass and they were observed floating in the culture ***, honey-treated amoebae did not revive when inoculated in fresh growth medium, however, glycerol-treated amoebae exhibited viable trophozoite and active growth. In contrast, marketed honey samples varied in their efficacy against Acanthamoeba castellanii. The proportion of flavonoid, as determined by quercetin measurements and the proportion of phenolic, as determined by gallic acid measurements was higher in natural honey compared with marketed honey. Similarly, the antioxidant activity, as determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity was higher in natural honey vs. marketed ***: This study shows that natural honey has antiacanthamoebic properties and possesses higher flavonoid, phenolic and antioxidant properties compared with the marketed honey. These findings are of concern to the public, health officials, and to the manufacturers regarding production of honey for medical applications.

关键词： Honey Acanthamoeba Amoebicidal Amoebistatic