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Perspective on Local Governance Reform in China

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China & World Economy 2006年第2期14卷 16-31页

作者： Mingxing Liu Binwen Song ra Tao associate professor School of Government Peking University Beijing China. assistant professor Zhejiang University of Finance ＆ EconomicsChina. associate professor Center for Chinese Agricultural PolicyBeijing China

This paper is an attempt to present an analysis of China＇s decentralization and local governance practices, the dilemmas rooted in the current institution. We argue that the misbehavior of local government officials is endogenous to China＇s central-local structure and that competition among localities has become distorted and constrained by various policy burdens and development mandates imposed from above. The information asymmetry for the enforcement cost of mandates that exists between central and local governments not only leads to difficulties and distortions in local performance evaluations, but also creates opportunities for local bureaucracy expansion and rent-seeking. Enhancingfiscal transfers, or strengthening political restraint, although necessary, would be far from enough to solve the local governance problems. The ultimate solution entails an in-depth deregulation reform on factor mobility and a furthest eradication of policy mandates for the local government.

关键词： political competition decentralization local governance policy mandate

类风湿关节炎患者发生骨质疏松的危险因素分析及风险预测模型建立

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南通大学学报（医学版） 2024年第2期44卷 140-144页

作者：徐蕊石燕楠周喆达展云南通大学附属医院风湿免疫科江苏226001 苏州市第九人民医院风湿免疫科

目的:研究类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,ra)患者发生骨质疏松的危险因素,并建立列线图预测模型。方法:共纳入283例ra患者,以8∶2的比例随机分成建模组(n=226)和验证组(n=57),分析ra患者发生骨质疏松的危险因素,建立预测模型。采用... 详细信息

目的:研究类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,ra)患者发生骨质疏松的危险因素,并建立列线图预测模型。方法:共纳入283例ra患者,以8∶2的比例随机分成建模组(n=226)和验证组(n=57),分析ra患者发生骨质疏松的危险因素,建立预测模型。采用Bootstrap法对模型进行内部验证,验证组进行外部验证。利用ROC曲线的AUC和校准曲线对预测模型进行评价。结果:性别(P=0.046)、年龄(P=0.016)、病程(P=0.004)、红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)(Pra患者发生骨质疏松的独立危险因素(Pra患者发生骨质疏松的列线图模型。校准曲线提示,建模组和验证组的预测值与实测值基本相符。建模组AUC为0.83,95%CI:0.78~0.88,验证组AUC为0.86,95%CI:0.78~0.88,表明此模型具有较好的预测效果。结论:以年龄、性别、病程、ESR及Ca^(2+)为预测因子构建的列线图模型可有效预测ra患者发生骨质疏松的概率。

关键词：类风湿关节炎骨质疏松症危险因素预测模型

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Computation Analysis of Brand Experience Dimensions: Indian Online Food Delivery Platforms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 445-462页

作者： Sufyan Habib Nawaf N.Hamadneh SAl wadi ra’ed Masa’deh Department of Business Administration College of Administration and FinanceSaudi Electronic UniversityRiyadh11673Saudi Arabia Department of Basic Sciences College of Science and Theoretical StudiesSaudi Electronic UniversityRiyadh11673Saudi Arabia Department of Risk Management and Insurance The University of JordanAmmanJordan Management Information Systems Department School of BusinessThe University of JordanAmmanJordan

Online Food Delivery Platforms(OFDPs)has witnessed phenomenal growth in the past few years,especially this year due to the COVID-19 *** Pandemic has forced many governments across the world to give momentum to OFD services and make their presence among the *** Presence of several multinational and national companies in this sector has enhanced the competition and companies are trying to adapt various marketing strategies and exploring the brand experience(BEX)dimension that helps in enhancing the brand equity(BE)of *** are critical for building brand loyalty(BL)and making companies *** can experience different kinds of brand experiences through feeling,emotions,affection,behavior,and *** present research work is taken up to analyze the factors affecting BEX and its impact on BL and BE of the OFDPs and analyze the mediating role of BL in the relationship between BEX and BE of the OFDPs in the Indian context.A survey of 457 Indian customers was carried out.A questionnaire was used for data collection and a mediation study was used to test hypothesized *** computational analysis reveals that BEX influences the BL and BE of *** study further indicates that BL mediates the relationship between BEX and BE of *** effective marketing and relationship management practices will help company to enhance BEX that will enable in enhancing BL and raising BE of their *** therefore provides a more thorough analysis of BEX constructs and their consequences than previous *** of the managerial implication,limitations,and scope of future research are also presented in the study.

关键词： Hypothesis tests brand experience online food delivery platform statistical tests COVID-19

Antifungal activity of various essential oils against Saccharomyces cerevisiae depends on disruption of cell membrane integrity

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BIOCELL 2017年第1期41卷 13-18页

作者： HATİCE BÜŞra KONUK BENGÜERGÜDEN Department of Bioengineering Gebze Technical UniversityKocaeliTurkey

Antifungal activity and mode of action of nine essential oils(EOs)against *** cells were *** effects of commercial lemon peel,orange peel,tea tree,turpentine,rosemary,peppermint,thyme,oregano and clove oils were determined through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration(MIC),Minimum Fungicidal Concentration(MFC)and inhibition zone *** most effective oil was turpentine *** peel,thyme and oregano oils were also effective,according to MIC and *** zone measurements,also revealed oregano,orange peel,thyme,turpentine and clove oils as most efficient ***,membrane damage of yeast cells was studied by measuring the extracellular pH and conductivity in a concentration dependent *** peel,turpentine,thyme and oregano oils caused a clear increase in extracellular pH of glucose-induced yeast cells and induced an increase in extracellular *** results point to the deterioration of yeast cell membrane integrity upon exposure to *** these oils can be used as food preservatives and pharmaceutical agents,it is very important to understand their mode of action and their main target sites in the *** this research not only opens new perspectives to understand antifungal activity mechanisms of EOs,but also help widen their use.

关键词： Saccharomyces cerevisiae Essential oils Antifungal activity Cell membrane

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a patient with metastatic breast cancer:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第7期10卷 2281-2285页

作者： Chae Hyun Song Seung Jun Lee Ha.ra.Jeon Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation National Health Insurance Service Ilsan HospitalGoyang-si Gyeonggi-do 10444South Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation National Health Insurance Service Ilsan HospitalGoyang-si Gyeonggi-do ASI/KR/KS009/GoyangSouth Korea

BACKGROUND Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome(PRES)is a neurotoxic encephalopathic state with clinical symptoms such as headache,altered consciousness,visual disturbances,and *** edema occurs predominantly in the posterior occipital and parietal lobes of the *** is caused by various diseases,and its mechanism remains ***,it can be easily diagnosed based on characteristic lesions on magnetic resonance *** SUMMARY A 51-year-old woman with unremarkable past medical history presented with progressively worsening back pain since 2 *** examinations revealed paralumbar muscle tenderness,a large lesion on the right breast and several masslike lesions on both *** blood pressure(BP)was elevated(150/90 mmHg),and did not respond to antihypertensive *** the seventh day of hospitalization,she exhibited a confused mental status and generalized tonicclonic *** magnetic resonance imaging,bilateral cortical and subcortical edema of the occipital lobes,suggestive of PRES,was *** serum calcium was 15.8 mg/*** two days of treatment with nicardipine,elcatonin,and zolendronic acid,her BP was 130/91 mmHg and serum calcium was 10.1 mg/*** patient regained consciousness and her mental status ***-positron emission tomography revealed right breast cancer with extensive *** Although rare,hypercalcemia can lead to PRES by causing uncontrolled *** diagnosis can help prevent severe mental disturbances and even death.

关键词： Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome Breast cancer Hypercalcemia Hypertension Case report

Mental health of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第7期11卷 388-402页

作者： Büşra Yılmaz Merve Azak NevinŞahin Department of Women's Health and Gynecologic Nursing Florence Nightingale Faculty of NursingIstanbul University-CerrahpasaIstanbul 34381Turkey Department of Pediatric Nursing Florence Nightingale Faculty of NursingIstanbul University-CerrahpasaIstanbul 34381Turkey

BACKGROUND Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)may have great difficulties when their routines change,and this may affect the psychological wellbeing of their *** this reason,it is important to examine studies that address the mental health of parents in order to adapt to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** To determine the mental health status of parents with children diagnosed with ASD in the COVID-19 *** The study,which is a systematic review,was conducted between December 15,2020 and December 30,2020 by scanning articles in *** Scopus,Science Direct,PubMed,Cochrane,Web of Science,and Google Scholar databases were used for *** keywords COVID-19 AND(“autism”OR“autistic”OR“autism spectrum disorder”)AND parent AND(“mental health”OR“anxiety”OR“stress”)were used in the search *** inclusion criteria in the study were findings regarding the mental health of parents with children diagnosed with ASD in the COVID-19 pandemic,addressing their anxiety and stress situations,being a research article,and accessing the full text of the *** In the study,a total of 6389 articles were reached,and the full texts of 173 articles were evaluated for *** the articles excluded by the full-text search were eliminated,12 studies involving 7105 parents were included in the *** findings obtained from the articles containing data on mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic of parents with children with autism spectrum disorder were discussed in three *** were findings on the experiences of parents with children with ASD in the COVID-19 pandemic regarding the areas where parents with children with ASD need support in the COVID-19 pandemic and methods of coping with the COVID-19 pandemic for parents with children with *** the systematic review,it was determined that the anxiety and stress of the parents increased,they needed more support compared to the pre-pandemic period,

关键词： Autism spectrum disorder COVID-19 Mental health Pandemic Parents

Nanoscale architecture of ceria-based model catalysts: Pt-Co nanostructures on well-ordered CeO_(2)(111) thin films

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2020年第6期41卷 985-997页

作者： Yaroslava Lykhach TomásSkála Armin Neitzel Nataliya Tsud Klára Beranová Kevin CPrince Vladimír Matolín Jorg Libuda Interface Research and Catalysis Erlangen Catalysis Resource CenterFriedrich-Alexander-Universit?t Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstrasse 391058 ErlangenGermany Charles University Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsDepartment of Surface and Plasma ScienceV Hole?ovi?kách 218000 PragueCzech Republic Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA Strada Statale 14km 163.534149 Basovizza-TriesteItaly

We have prepared and characterized atomically well-defined model systems for ceria-supported Pt-Co core-shell catalysts. Pt@Co and Co@Pt core-shell nanostructures were grown on well-ordered CeO2(111) films on Cu(111) by physical vapour deposition of Pt and Co metals in ultrahigh vacuum and investigated by means of synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and resonant photoemission spectroscopy. The deposition of Co onto CeO2(111) yields CoCeO2(111) solid solution at low Co coverage(0.5 ML), followed by the growth of metallic Co nanoparticles at higher Co coverages. Both Pt@Co and Co@Pt model structures are stable against sintering in the temperature range between 300 and 500 K. After annealing at 500 K, the Pt@Co nanostructure contains nearly pure Co-shell while the Pt-shell in the Co@Pt is partially covered by metallic Co. Above 550 K, the re-ordering in the near surface regions yields a subsurface Pt-Co alloy and Pt-rich shells in both Pt@Co and Co@Pt nanostructures. In the case of Co@Pt nanoparticles, the chemical ordering in the near surface region depends on the initial thickness of the deposited Pt-shell. Annealing of the Co@Pt nanostructures in the presence of O2 triggers the decomposition of Pt-Co alloy along with the oxidation of Co, regardless of the thickness of the initial Pt-shell. Progressive oxidation of Co coupled with adsorbate-induced Co segregation leads to the formation of thick CoO layers on the surfaces of the supported Co@Pt nanostructures. This process is accompanied by the disintegration of the CeO2(111) film and encapsulation of oxidized Co@Pt nanostructures by CeO2 upon annealing in O2 above 550 K. Notably, during oxidation and reduction cycles with O2 and H2 at different temperatures, the changes in the structure and chemical composition of supported Co@Pt nanostructures were driven mainly by oxidation while reduction treatments had little effect regardless of the initial thickness of the Pt-shell.

关键词： Core-shell nanoparticles Model catalyst Pt-Co Cerium oxide Chemical ordering Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy

固溶和时效处理对铝热法制备Cu-Ti合金组织和性能的影响

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有色金属工程 2024年第5期14卷 1-9页

作者：郑月红何湉楠牛嘉楠高颢洋王娇喇培清兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室兰州730050 兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院兰州730050

Cu-Ti合金作为导电弹簧,互联接插件等重要元器件的制备材料,其大规模工业制备方法和热处理工艺仍是当前铜合金领域亟需开发和推进的重点。采用具有工艺简单、环保节能、成本低廉等优点的铝热法制备了Ti含量分别为1%、4.5%、10%,即成分... 详细信息

Cu-Ti合金作为导电弹簧,互联接插件等重要元器件的制备材料,其大规模工业制备方法和热处理工艺仍是当前铜合金领域亟需开发和推进的重点。采用具有工艺简单、环保节能、成本低廉等优点的铝热法制备了Ti含量分别为1%、4.5%、10%,即成分区间较大的Cu-Ti合金,且进一步采用固溶和时效处理调控合金的综合性能。结果表明,时效态的Cu-1%Ti和Cu-4.5%Ti合金中Ti元素主要呈固溶状态,只有非常少量尺寸较小的析出相,而Cu-10%Ti合金中存在大量尺寸较大的Cu 4 Ti相析出。随着Ti含量的增加,合金的导电率有明显降低的趋势,而硬度和强度则呈现与之相反的趋势。对于成分相同的合金,相较于固溶状态,时效后导电率先略微下降然后上升,450°C时效4 h后,三个成分合金的导电率均高于固溶态合金;450°C时效2 h后,Cu-1%Ti和Cu-4.5%Ti合金均获得了硬度、强度和延伸率的最大值,Cu-10%Ti合金的硬度和延伸率也获得了极大值,其屈服强度和抗拉强度则是随着时效时间呈略微下降的趋势。

关键词： Cu-Ti合金铝热反应法热处理力学性能导电率

Sex-specific life-history strategies among immature jumping spiders:Differences in body parameters and behavior

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Current Zoology 2023年第5期69卷 535-551页

作者： LászlóMezőfi Viktor Markó DóraÁgnes Taranyi Gábor Markó Institute of Plant Protection Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life SciencesBudapest 1118Hungary Institute of Viticulture and Enology Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life SciencesBudapest 1118Hungary

Selection forces often generate sex-specific differences in various traits closely related to *** in adult spiders(Araneae),sexes often differ in coloration,body size,antipredator,or foraging behavior,such sex-related differences are less pronounced among ***,sex-specific life-history strategies may also be adaptive for ***,we hypothesized that among spiders,immature individuals show different life-history strategies that are expressed as sex-specific differences in body parameters and behavioral features,and also in their *** used immature individuals of a protandrous jumping spider,Carrhotus xanthogramma,and examined sex-related *** results showed that males have higher mass and larger prosoma than *** were more active and more risk tolerant than *** activity increased with time,and larger males tended to capture the prey faster than small ones,while females showed no such ***,females reacted to the threatening abiotic stimuli more with the increasing number of test *** both males and females,individuals with better body conditions tended to be more risk *** showed no sex-specific differences in interindividual behavioral consistency and in intraindividual behavioral variation in the measured behavioral ***,we also found evidence for behavioral syndromes(i.e.,correlation between different behaviors),where in males,only the activity correlated with the risk-taking behavior,but in females,all the measured behavioral traits were *** present study demonstrates that *** sexes follow different life-history strategies even before attaining maturity.

关键词： activity behavioral syndrome boldness intraindividual variability repeatability sexual dimorphism