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Implications for fault reactivation and seismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1081-1098页

作者： zi-Han Sun Ming-Guang Che Li-hong Zhu Shu-Juan Zhang Ji-Yuan Lu Chang-Yu Jin Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines School of Resources and Civil Engineering and Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Deep Engineering and Intelligent TechnologyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development PetroChina Company LimitedBeijing100084China The Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Limited Company Daqing163458HeilongjiangChina

Evaluating the physical mechanisms that link hydraulic fracturing(HF) operations to induced earthquakes and the anticipated form of the resulting events is significant in informing subsurface fluid injection operations. Current understanding supports the overriding role of the effective stress magnitude in triggering earthquakes, while the impact of change rate of effective stress has not been systematically addressed. In this work, a modified critical stiffness was brought up to investigate the likelihood, impact,and mitigation of induced seismicity during and after hydraulic fracturing by developing a poroelastic model based on rate-and-state fraction law and linear stability analysis. In the new criterion, the change rate of effective stress was considered a key variable to explore the evolution of this criterion and hence the likelihood of instability slip of fault. A coupled fluid flow-deformation model was used to represent the entire hydraulic fracturing process in COMSOL Multiphysics. The possibility of triggering an earthquake throughout the entire hydraulic fracturing process, from fracturing to cessation, was investigated considering different fault locations, orientations, and positions along the fault. The competition between the effects of the magnitude and change rate of effective stress was notable at each fracturing stage. The effective stress magnitude is a significant controlling factor during fracturing events, with the change rate dominating when fracturing is suddenly started or stopped. Instability dominates when the magnitude of the effective stress increases(constant injection at each fracturing stage) and the change rate of effective stress decreases(the injection process is suddenly stopped). Fracturing with a high injection rate, a fault adjacent to the hydraulic fracturing location and the position of the junction between the reservoir and fault are important to reduce the Coulomb failure stress(CFS) and enhance the critical stiffness as

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing Coulomb failure stress Rate-and-state fraction model Linear stability analysis Critical stiffness Seismically induced fault

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The occurrence characteristics of oil in shales matrix from organic geochemical screening data and pore structure properties:An experimental study Author links open overlay panel

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 1-13页

作者： zi-Zhi Lin Jun-Qian Li Shuang-Fang Lu Qin-hong Hu Peng-Fei Zhang Jun-Jie Wang Qi Zhi hong-Sheng Huang Na Yin Yue Wang Tian-Chen Ge National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina Sanya Offshore Oil&Gas Research Institute Northeast Petroleum UniversitySanya 572025HainanChina College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590ShandongChina

The occurrence characteristics of shale oil are of great significance to the movability of shale *** this study,the occurrence characteristics of oil in the shale matrix at Funing Formation shale in Subei Basin were quantitatively evaluated by organic geochemistry and microscopic pore structure characterization *** Multiple Isothermal Stages Pyrolysis(MIS)experiment results show that the content of total oil,adsorbed oil,and free oil in the shales are 3.15-11.25 mg/g,1.41-4.95 mg/g,and 1.74-6.51 mg/g,*** which the silicon-rich shale has the best *** relative content of free oil shows an increasing trend in pores with pore diameters greater than 3 *** the relative content of free oil reaches 100%,the pore size of silicon-rich shale is about 200 nm,while that of calcium-rich shale,clay-rich shale,and siliceous mixed shale is about 10 *** occurrence law of adsorbed oil is opposite to that of free oil,which indicates that shale oil will occur in the pores and fractures in a free state in a more extensive pore size range(>200 nm).This study also enables us to further understand the occurrence characteristics of shale oil under the interaction of occurrence state and occurrence space.

关键词： Shale oil Occurrence characteristics Sequential solvent extraction Low-temperature nitrogen adsorption Funing Formation Dongtai Depression

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Necroptosis contributes to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease pathoetiology with promising diagnostic and therapeutic functions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1968-1981页

作者： hong-Ju Sun Bo Jiao Yan Wang Yue-Hua Zhang Ge Chen zi-Xuan Wang hong Zhao Qing Xie Xiao-Hua Song Department of General Medicine Qingdao Central HospitalUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences(Qingdao Central Medical Group)Qingdao 266042Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Qingdao Central HospitalUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences(Qingdao Central Medical Group)Qingdao 266042Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Medical Administration Qingdao Central HospitalUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences(Qingdao Central Medical Group)Qingdao 266042Shandong ProvinceChina Qingdao Medical College Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266042Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most prevalent type of chronic liver ***,the disease is underappreciated as a remarkable chronic disorder as there are rare managing *** studies have focused on determining NAFLD-caused hepatocyte death to elucidate the disease pathoe-tiology and suggest functional therapeutic and diagnostic ***,ferroptosis,and necroptosis are the main subtypes of non-apoptotic regulated cell deaths(RCDs),each of which represents particular *** the complexity of the findings,the present study aimed to review these types of RCDs and their contribution to NAFLD progression,and subsequently discuss in detail the role of necroptosis in the pathoetiology,diagnosis,and treatment of the *** study revealed that necroptosis is involved in the occurrence of NAFLD and its progression towards steatohepatitis and cancer,hence it has potential in diagnostic and therapeutic ***,further studies are necessary.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Apoptosis Necroptosis Cell death Diagnosis Treatment

Climate warming is likely to weaken the performance of two-phase closed thermosyphon on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 90-100页

作者： Guan-Li JIANG zi-Teng FU Xin-Yu MEN hong-Ting ZHAO Si-Ru GAO Yong-Zhi LI Qing-Bai WU State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Beiluhe Observation and Research Station on Frozen Soil Engineering and Environment in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Muli Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Gas Hydrate China Geological SurveyBeijing 100083China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Jiaxing Nanhu UniversityJiaxing 314001China

Over the years,numerous geotechnical approaches have been implemented to mitigate the adverse effects of climate warming on various infrastructures in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP),such as the Qinghai-Tibet Highway and Railway,and achieved the expected engineering ***,little attention has been given to whether the performance of these geotechnical approaches has changed during the ongoing process of climate *** investigate the performance variation of one of these geotechnical approaches,which is two-phase closed thermosyphon(TPCT),during sustained climate warming,we conducted a statistical analysis of soil temperature monitoring data in 2003-2020 from eight regular embankments and six TPCT embankments in our permafrost monitoring *** results indicate that TPCT undeniably has a cooling effect on the permafrost beneath embankments,even rapidly eliminated previously formed taliks beneath ***,further analysis reveals that the performance of TPCT has been weakening during sustained climate warming,which has confirmed by the re-forming of the taliks beneath embankment where they had been previously *** on the current understanding,we attributed the weakening of thermosyphon performance to a significant reduction in the air temperature freezing index caused by ongoing climate *** this study,we aimed to draw attention to the evolving performance of geotechnical approaches in permafrost regions amid climate warming,prompting necessary engineering innovations to address this situation and ensure the sustainable development of the permafrost region on the QTP.

关键词： Two-phase closed thermosyphon Climate warming Supra-permafrost talik Permafrost degradation Qinghai-Tibet Highway

Information Heterogeneity: Implications for Liquidity and Price Efficiency

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年

作者： Zhi-hua LI hong LIU Qing-shan YANG Northeast Normal University KLAS and School of Mathematics and Statistics

This paper discusses a model about information heterogeneity. The market size, information attention and information asymmetry affect market liquidity and price information. Larger market size can lead to an increase in market liquidity and the release of price information; however, traders who possess higher information attention can quickly affect price efficiency through their trading, leading to increased price *** addition, the increase in asymmetry scale will lead to a decrease in liquidity and a reduction in the release of price information. Under information asymmetry, large trading groups attract followers, thereby increasing market liquidity and trading intensity.

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Prevalence of hypertension and its associations with body composition across Chinese and American children and adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 392-403页

作者： Li-Wang Gao Yi-Wen Huang hong Cheng Xi Wang hong-Bo Dong Pei Xiao Yin-Kun Yan Xin-Ying shan Xiao-Yuan Zhao Jie Mi Center for Non-Communicable Disease Management Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthNo.56 Nanlishi RoadXicheng DistrictBeijing100045China Department of Epidemiology Capital Institute of PediatricsNo.2 Yabao RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing100020China Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children Ministry of EducationBeijingChina

Background The age of onset of hypertension(HTN)is decreasing,and obesity is a significant risk *** prevalence and racial disparities in pediatric HTN and the association between body composition and blood pressure are insufficiently *** study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HTN in Chinese and American children and adolescents and to assess the relationship between various body composition indices and *** Seven thousand,five hundred and seventy-three Chinese and 6239 American children and adolescents aged 8–18 years from the 2013–2015 China Child and Adolescent Cardiovascular Health study and the 2011–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were *** pressure and body composition(fat and muscle)were measured by trained *** crude prevalence and age-standardized prevalence rate(ASPR)of primary HTN and its subtypes[isolated systolic hypertension(ISH)and isolated diastolic hypertension(IDH)]were calculated based on 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics ***-adjusted linear regression coefficients and odds ratios(ORs)were calculated to assess the associations of body composition indicators with HTN,ISH and *** The ASPR of HTN was 18.5%in China(CN)and 4.6%in the United States(US),whereas the obesity prevalence was 7.4%and 18.6%,and the population attributable risk of HTN caused by overweight and obesity was higher in the US than in *** fat mass,muscle mass and body fat percentage mass were associated with a higher risk of HTN in both *** percent of muscle body mass had a protective effect on HTN and ISH in both countries[HTN(CN:OR=0.83,95%CI=0.78–0.88;US:OR=0.72,95%CI=0.64–0.81);ISH(CN:OR=0.87,95%CI=0.80–0.94;US:OR=0.71,95%CI=0.62–0.81)],and the protective effect was more common among children and adolescents with high levels of physical *** The burden of HTN in Chinese children and adolescents was substantial and much greater than that in the US,and th

关键词： Body composition Children and adolescents China Child and Adolescent Cardiovascular Health Hypertension National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Design,synthesis,and biological evaluation of novel chrysin derivatives as poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1)inhibitors for the treatment of breast cancer

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第5期22卷 455-465页

作者： YANG Yao TONG Jing XIE Xianshun CAO hong FU Yong LUO Yong LIU shan CHEN Wen YANG Ning Hengyang Medical School University of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Emergency Department Hengyang Medical SchoolThe Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Hengyang Medical School The Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Hemato-oncology Department Hengyang Medical SchoolThe Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery Hengyang Medical SchoolThe Second Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421200China

In this study,we reported the discovery and structure-activity relationship analysis of chrysin derivatives as a new class of inhibitors targeting poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1).Among these derivatives,compound 5d emerged as the most effective chrysin-based inhibitor of PARP1,with an IC50 value of 108 nmol·L^(-1).This compound significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cell lines HCC-1937 and MDA-MB-436 by inducing DNA ***,5d induced apoptosis and caused an extended G1/S-phase in these cell *** docking studies revealed that 5d possesses a strong binding affinity toward *** vivo,in a xenograft model,5d effectively reduced tumor growth by downregulating PARP1 ***,compound 5d shows promise as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of BRCA wild-type breast cancer.

关键词： Chrysin derivatives PARP1 Antitumor DNA damage Small molecules

New phenylbutenoids and terpene glycosides from Ginkgo biloba leaves

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第2期22卷 161-170页

作者： SUN Zeshi LIN shan WU Zhi-Li DONG hong-Yuan XU Xi-Ke LI Hui-Liang WANG Jinxin School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical IndustryChina State Institute of Pharmaceutical IndustryShanghai 201203China

Our continued works on the chemical constituents of Ginkgo biloba(***)leaves has led to the isolation of two novel phenylbutenoids(1,2),along with five previously unidentified terpene glycosides(3−7).Among them,compounds 1 and 2 represent unique(Z)-phenylbutenoids,3−6 are megastigmane glycosides,and 7 is identified as a rare bilobanone glycoside(Fig.1).This study marks the first reported isolation of phenylbutenoid and bilobanone glycoside from *** chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis,including HR-ESI-MS and various 1D and 2D NMR ***,the absolute configurations of these molecules were determined using Mosher’s method,ECD experiments,and Cu-KαX-ray crystallographic analyses.

关键词： Ginkgo biloba Phenylbutenoid Megastigmane glycoside Bilobanone glycoside

Interface sites on vanadia-based catalysts are highly active for NO_(x) removal under realistic conditions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 523-536页

作者： Zhihui Lv Guangzhi He Wenshuo Zhang Jingjing Liu Zhihua Lian Yang Yang zidi Yan Guangyan Xu Wenpo shan Yunbo Yu hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment and Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou 341000China Ningbo Research Center for Urban Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315800China

TiO_(2)-supported V_(2)O_(5)catalysts are commonly used in NO_(x)reduction with ammonia due to their robust catalytic *** these catalysts,it is generally considered that the active species are mainly derived from the vanadia species rather than the intrinsic structure of V-O-Ti entities,namely the interface *** reveal the role of V-O-Ti entities in NH_(3)-SCR,herein,we prepared TiO_(2)/V_(2)O_(5)catalysts and demonstrated that V-O-Ti entities were more active for NO_(x)reduction under wet conditions than the V sites(V=O)working *** the V-O-Ti entities,kinetic measurements and first principles calculations revealed that NH_(3)activation exhibited a much lower energy barrier than that on V=O *** wet conditions,the V-O-Ti interface significantly inhibited the transformation of V=O to V-OH sites thus benefiting NH_(3)*** wet conditions,meanwhile,the migration of NH_(4)^(+)from Ti site neighboring the V-O-Ti interface to Ti site of the V-O-Ti interface was exothermic;thus,V-O-Ti entities together with neighboring Ti sites could serve as channels linking NH_(3)pool and active centers for activation of NH_(4)^(+).This finding reveals that the V-O-Ti interface sites on V-based catalysts play a crucial role in NO_(x)removal under realistic conditions,providing a new perspective on NH_(3)-SCR mechanism.

关键词： NO_(x)removal Vanadia-based catalysts V-O-Ti entities Interface sites Reaction mechanism

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