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Atmospheric carbonyls in a heavy ozone pollution episode at a metropolis in Southwest China:Characteristics,health risk assessment,sources analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 40-54页

作者： Jiemeng Bao Hong Li Zhenhai Wu Xin Zhang Hao Zhang Yunfeng Li Jun Qian Junhui Chen Liqun Deng State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Mathematics China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences Chengdu 610000China

Ambient carbonyls were continuously observed in the field during a heavy ozone pollution episode in Chengdu, China from August 4 to August 19, 2019, and the pollution characteristics, atmospheric photochemical reactivity, human health risk, and sources of carbonyls were analyzed. Fifteen carbonyls were quantified with average total mixing ratios of 20.38 ppbv Formaldehyde(9.86 ppbv), acetone(4.41 ppbv), and acetaldehyde(3.57 ppbv) were the three most abundant carbonyls. During the heavy ozone pollution episode, the concentration of carbonyls was found to be higher on pollution days than on the clean days, and relatively higher in the daytime, especially at noon on the pollution days. This was influenced by the intensity of photochemical reactions and precipitation. The “weekend effect” with the concentration of carbonyls was higher on the weekends than on the weekdays was pointed out. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and hexaldehyde were the dominant oxidative species during the observation. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk values of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were higher on pollution days than on clean days, and these values were higher compared with those of other cities in China and abroad. Long-term exposure to these compounds should therefore be avoided. Diagnostic ratios and correlation analysis together with backward trajectory analysis showed that primary emission and secondary formation accounted 66%-76% and 24%–34% of carbonyls in Chengdu, respectively, with primary emission being the main sources of carbonyls, and carbonyls from the surrounding cities and emission from natural sources also had a significant contribution to the carbonyls in Chengdu.

关键词： Carbonyls Pollution characteristics Atmospheric photochemical reactivity Source analysis Chengdu

安徽安庆铜铁矿床钴的赋存状态、分布与富集规律研究

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岩石学报 2024年第2期40卷 629-641页

作者：钟镇海王世伟周涛发王彪吴硕束勇合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院合肥工业大学矿床成因与勘查技术研究中心合肥230009 安徽省矿产资源与矿山环境工程技术研究中心合肥230009 安徽铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司矿产资源中心铜陵244000 安徽铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司安庆铜矿铜陵246003

长江中下游成矿带是我国东部最重要的成矿带之一,广泛发育矽卡岩型铜铁矿床且伴生Co资源,而成矿带内的矽卡岩型铜铁矿床中关键金属Co元素的赋存状态、分布以及富集规律研究尚未系统开展。本文以矽卡岩型铜铁矿床——安庆铜矿为研究对象... 详细信息

长江中下游成矿带是我国东部最重要的成矿带之一,广泛发育矽卡岩型铜铁矿床且伴生Co资源,而成矿带内的矽卡岩型铜铁矿床中关键金属Co元素的赋存状态、分布以及富集规律研究尚未系统开展。本文以矽卡岩型铜铁矿床——安庆铜矿为研究对象,通过系统采样、显微观察、扫描电子显微镜、全岩化学分析及矿物原位LA-ICP MS微量成分测试手段,初步估算矿床中伴生Co的资源量约为8769t,达到中型规模,查明了伴生Co的平均含量为166×10^(-6),综合利用潜力较大。查明了铜矿石中Co含量(平均含量为166×10^(-6))明显高于铁矿石(平均含量为126×10^(-6)),尤其是含铜磁黄铁矿型矿石中Co元素富集程度最高,且计算得出磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿、磁铁矿和黄铜矿分别赋存矿石Co含量的45.1%、52.8%、0.5%和1.6%。此外,矿床内不同类型矿化蚀变岩中Co含量与磁黄铁矿和黄铁矿总量具有较强的正相关性,Co主要以类质同像的形式赋存于黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿内,黄铁矿中Co的含量变化范围较大,早石英硫化物阶段的黄铁矿(Py1)中Co含量为258×10^(-6)~25920×10^(-6),晚石英硫化物阶段的黄铁矿(Py2)中Co含量为0.3×10^(-6)~594×10^(-6),磁黄铁矿中Co含量变化范围较小,主要集中于311×10^(-6)~1181×10^(-6),Co主要富集于早石英硫化物阶段,晚石英硫化物阶段不富集。含铜磁黄铁矿型矿石中Co元素变化范围大(85×10^(-6)~430×10^(-6))是由于矿石中黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿的含量以及黄铁矿Co含量极不均匀造成的。综合前人研究,本次工作认为大气降水混入引起的成矿流体冷却和稀释可能是导致安庆铜矿中Co元素沉淀富集在黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿内的主要因素。

关键词：关键金属Co 赋存状态富集规律安庆铜矿长江中下游成矿带

EZH2-, CHD4-, and IDH-linked epigenetic perturbation and its association with survival in glioma patients

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2017年第6期9卷 477-488页

作者： Le Zhang Ying Liu Mengning Wang Zhenhai Wu Na Li Jinsong Zhang Chuanwei Yang College of Computer Science Sichuan University Chengdu China College of Computer and Information Science Southwest University Chongqing China The Vivian Smith Department of Neurosurgery Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX USA Harvard Stem Cell Institute Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Department of neurosurgery ShouGuang People's Hospital Shandong China Pharmacological & Physiological Science School of Medicine Saint Louis University St. Louis MO USA Breast Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA Systems Biology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA

Glioma 是有有限治疗选择的复杂疾病。最近的进展在多达 80% 更低的等级 gliomas (LGG ) 并且在 76% 第二等的 glioblastomas (GBM ) 识别了 isocitrate 脱氢酶(IDH ) 变化。IDH 变化也在尖锐 myeloid 白血病(AML ) 的 10%-20% 被看见。... 详细信息

Glioma 是有有限治疗选择的复杂疾病。最近的进展在多达 80% 更低的等级 gliomas (LGG ) 并且在 76% 第二等的 glioblastomas (GBM ) 识别了 isocitrate 脱氢酶(IDH ) 变化。IDH 变化也在尖锐 myeloid 白血病(AML ) 的 10%-20% 被看见。在 AML，包含 epigenetic 规定的 IDH 和另外的基因的变化是早事件，这被决定，出现在 pre 白血病的干细胞(最低有效字符前) 上演，而在宣传 oncogenic 信号的基因的变化是在白血病的迟了的事件。IDH 变化也是在 glioma 的早事件，发生在 TP53 变化前， 1p/19q 删除，等等。尽管有在 glioma 研究的这些进展，进另外的分子的改变的研究更加落后。在这研究，我们分析了当前可得到的数据库。我们除了已知的基因 IDH1/2 在 glioma 识别了 EZH2， KMT2C，和 CHD4 同样重要的基因。我们也证明 PIK3CA， CDKN2A， CDK4， FIP1L1，或 FUBP1 的 genomic 改变与 IDH 变化协作否定地在 LGG 影响病人幸存。在有 TP53 变化或 IDH1/2 变化的 LGG 病人，没有如此的改变， EZH2， KMC2C，和 CHD4 的另外的 genomic 改变个别地或在联合比病人与显著地减少的没有疾病的幸存被联系。在基因水平或蛋白质水平的 EZH2， KMT2C，和 CHD4 的改变能使不安 epigenetic 节目，在 glioma 导致恶意的转变。由在可得到的数据集上在 AML 和 glioma 和表现生物信息学分析上考察当前的文学，我们从 premalignant 干细胞在 tumorigenesis 上开发了一个假想模型到 glioma。

关键词： IDH 蛋白质水平连接协会复杂疾病白血病生物信息 AML

Characteristics of atmospheric volatile organic compounds in urban area of Beijing: Variations, photochemical reactivity and source apportionment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 190-200页

作者： Lihui Zhang Hong Li Zhenhai Wu Weiqi Zhang Kankan Liu Xi Cheng Yujie Zhang Bin Li Yizhen Chen State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China School of Environment and Safety Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shenhua Group Zhungeer Energy Co. LtdGangue Power CompanyOrdos 017100China

Atmospheric volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were observed by an on-line gas chromatography-flame ionization detector monitoring system from November 2016 to August 2017 in Beijing.The average concentrations were winter(40.27±25.25μg/m3)>autumn(34.25±19.90μg/m3)>summer(32.53±17.39μg/m3)>spring(24.72±17.22μg/m3).Although benzene(15.70%),propane(11.02%),ethane(9.32%)and n-butane(6.77%)were the most abundant species,ethylene(14.07%)and propene(11.20%)were the key reactive species to ozone formation potential(OFP),and benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,mxylene+p-xylene and o-xylene(54.13%)were the most reactive species to secondary organic aerosol formation potential(SOAFP).The diurnal and seasonal variations indicated that diesel vehicle emission during early morning,gasoline vehicle emission at the traffic rush hours and coal burning during the heating period might be important sources.Five major sources were further identified by positive matrix factorization(PMF).The vehicle exhaust(gasoline exhaust and diesel exhaust)was found to be contributed most to atmospheric VOCs,with 43.59%,41.91%,50.45%and 43.91%,respectively in spring,summer,autumn and winter;while solvent usage contributed least,with 11.10%,7.13%,14.00%and 19.87%,respectively.Biogenic emission sources(13.11%)were only identified in summer.However,both vehicle exhaust and solvent usage were identified to be the key sources considering contributions to the OFP and SOAFP.Besides,the contributions of combustion during heating period and gasoline evaporation source during warm seasons to OFP and SOAFP should not be overlooked.

关键词： volatile source winter

A review of atmospheric benzene homologues in China: Characterization, health risk assessment, source identification and countermeasures

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 225-239页

作者： Yuanyuan Ji Fuhong Gao Zhenhai Wu Lei Li Dandan Li Hao Zhang Yujie Zhang Jian Gao Yingchen Bai Hong Li College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Academy of Environmental Planning and Design Co.LtdNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Urban Construction Beijing City UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Benzene homologues are important chemical precursors to the formation of ground-level ozone and secondary organic aerosol(SOA) in the atmosphere,in addition,some toxic species are harmful to human health.Strict countermeasures have been taken to fight air pollution since 2013,and total amount control of volatile organic compounds is being promoted in China at present.Therefore,it is important to understand the pollution situation and the control status of ambient benzene homologues in China.This paper reviews research progress from published papers on pollution characteristics,atmospheric photochemical reactivity,health risk assessment and source identification of ambient benzene homologues in recent years in China,and also summarizes policies and countermeasures for the control of ambient benzene homologues and the relevant achievements.The total ambient levels of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylenes(BTEX) shows a declining tendency from 2001 to 2016 in China.The mass concentrations of BTEX are generally higher in southern regions than in northern regions,and they present vertical decreasing variation characteristics with increasing altitude within the height range of about 5500 m.Toluene has the highest ozone formation potential and SOA formation potential both in urban areas and background areas,while benzene poses an obvious carcinogenic risk to the exposed adult populations in urban areas.Source identification of ambient benzene homologues suggested that local governments should adopt differentiated control strategies for ambient benzene homologues.Several recommendations are put forward for future research and policy-making on the control of ambient benzene homologues in China.

关键词： pollution ambient ozone

A large-scale outdoor atmospheric simulation smog chamber for studying atmospheric photochemical processes:Characterization and preliminary application

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第4期33卷 185-197页

作者： Junling Li Hong Li Xuezhong Wang Weigang Wang Maofa Ge Hao Zhang Xin Zhang Kun Li Yan Chen Zhenhai Wu Fahe Chai Fan Meng Yujing Mu Abdelwahid Mellouki Fang Bi Yujie Zhang Lingyan wu Yongchun Liu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute(PSI)5232 VilligenSwitzerland Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institut de Combustion Aérothermique Réactivitéet EnvironnementCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique(ICARE-CNRS)Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers en région Centre(OSUC)CS 5006045071 cedex02 OrléansFrance Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Understanding the formation mechanisms of secondary air pollution is very important for the formulation of air pollution control countermeasures in China.Thus,a large-scale outdoor atmospheric simulation smog chamber was constructed at Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences(the CRAES Chamber),which was designed for simulating the atmospheric photochemical processes under the conditions close to the real atmospheric environment.The chamber consisted of a 56-m^(3) fluorinated ethylene propylene(FEP) Teflon film reactor,an electrically-driven stainless steel alloy shield,an auxiliary system,and multiple detection instrumentations.By performing a series of characterization experiments,we obtained basic parameters of the CRAES chamber,such as the mixing ability,the background reactivity,and the wall loss rates of gaseous compounds(propene,NO,NO_(2),ozone) and aerosols(ammonium sulfate).Oxidation experiments were also performed to study the formation of ozone and secondary organic aerosol(SOA),including α-pinene ozonolysis,propene and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene photooxidation.Temperature and seed effects on the vapor wall loss and SOA yields were obtained in this work:higher temperature and the presence of seed could reduce the vapor wall loss;SOA yield was found to depend inversely on temperature,and the presence of seed could increase SOA yield.The seed was suggested to be used in the chamber to reduce the interaction between the gas phase and chamber walls.The results above showed that the CRAES chamber was reliable and could meet the demands for investigating tropospheric chemistry.

关键词： Outdoor smog chamber Characterization experiments Photo-oxidation reactions Secondary organic aerosol

股骨转子间骨折中头颈骨块“鸟嘴样”向前翘起的形态特征及复位技巧

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中国修复重建外科杂志 2024年第6期38卷 710-715页

作者：辛大江张成成李文亮吴成波赵勇尚衍亮王振海烟台市烟台山医院创伤骨科山东烟台264000

目的总结股骨转子间骨折中头颈骨块在矢状面呈“鸟嘴样”向前翘起的形态特征和复位技巧。方法回顾性分析2021年5月—2023年4月收治的31例头颈骨块在矢状面呈“鸟嘴样”向前翘起的股骨转子间骨折患者临床资料。男13例,女18例;年龄68~83岁... 详细信息

目的总结股骨转子间骨折中头颈骨块在矢状面呈“鸟嘴样”向前翘起的形态特征和复位技巧。方法回顾性分析2021年5月—2023年4月收治的31例头颈骨块在矢状面呈“鸟嘴样”向前翘起的股骨转子间骨折患者临床资料。男13例,女18例;年龄68~83岁,平均76.2岁。受伤至手术时间36~76 h,平均51.2 h。骨折按国际内固定研究协会/美国骨创伤协会(AO/OTA)-2018分型标准分型:A1.2型10例、A1.3型11例、A2.2型6例、A2.3型4例;按中国康复医学会修复重建外科专业委员会“老年髋部骨折”研究小组提出的新综合分类法分型:A1.3型10例,A2.1型11例,A2.2型6例,A2.3型2例,A2.4型2例。术前经X线片、CT扫描及三维重建,将骨折分为两种类型:第1类14例,骨折形态不复杂但有严重骨性交锁和(或)软组织嵌顿;第2类17例,骨折粉碎严重、骨块之间明显分离错位、软组织铰链破坏。患者均经闭合手法复位失败,选择经前方小切口拧入空心螺钉辅助复位头颈骨块,再按常规进行股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定。记录手术时间、术中透视次数、术中显性失血量、住院时间及并发症;术后即刻X线透视下评估骨折复位质量及内固定术后稳定性,定期复查X线片观察骨折愈合情况及愈合时间;术后48 h行疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评定疼痛程度;术后3个月按Parker-Palmer活动能力评分进行功能评定。结果手术时间39~58 min,平均46.3 min;术中透视13~38次,平均23.5次;术中显性失血量45~90 m L,平均65.3 m L。术后即刻影像判断骨折复位质量及内固定术后稳定性评分均为优29例、良2例。术后48 h VAS评分为2~6分,平均3.1分。术后11例发生下肢深静脉血栓形成,无其他并发症发生。患者住院时间6~10 d,平均7.3 d。术后均获随访,随访时间5~8个月,平均6.5个月。X线片复查示骨折均愈合,愈合时间3.5~8.0个月,平均4.5个月。术后3个月Parker-Palmer活动能力评分达9分28例、6分3例。结论股骨转子间骨折中,头颈骨块在矢状面呈“鸟嘴样”向前翘起时手法复位困难,经前方导针结合空心螺钉辅助复位,简单有效,能取得满意疗效。

关键词：股骨转子间骨折难复性骨折头颈骨块 “鸟嘴样”畸形骨折复位内固定

给水式气水混合离子发生装置对颗粒物净化的参数优化研究

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机电工程技术 2024年第2期53卷 89-93页

作者：吴婧怡李春辉李振海同济大学机械与能源工程学院上海200092

铁路隧道内清筛作业中柴油机车排放尾气中含有大量的颗粒物,由于隧道内通风差,颗粒物无法及时有效地排出隧道,严重危害现场作业人员的身体健康。为此,基于气水混合离子技术,利用凝并作用去除颗粒物,设计了一种应用于柴油机车尾气的净化... 详细信息

铁路隧道内清筛作业中柴油机车排放尾气中含有大量的颗粒物,由于隧道内通风差,颗粒物无法及时有效地排出隧道,严重危害现场作业人员的身体健康。为此,基于气水混合离子技术,利用凝并作用去除颗粒物,设计了一种应用于柴油机车尾气的净化装置,探讨不同给水流量、不同放电电压、不同极板间距、不同放置方式和不同针尖个数对装置净化效果的影响。使用气溶胶发生器产生固态颗粒气溶胶作为污染源,在100 L实验舱中对不同影响因素进行了实验研究,结果表明:注射泵水流量为50μL/min、电压为9 200 V、极板间距为55 mm、针头个数为15个是净化装置的最优设计参数,不同放置方式无明显差别。该气水混合离子发生装置可以为净化柴油机尾气颗粒物提供新的方式。

关键词：气水混合离子柴油机车颗粒物净化效果设计参数

Chlorella sp.-ameliorated undesirable microenvironment promotes diabetic wound healing

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第1期13卷 410-424页

作者： Hangyi wu Pei Yang Aiqin Li Xin Jin zhenhai Zhang HuiXia Lv Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suqian 223800China Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023China Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210028China

Chronic diabetic wound remains a critical challenge suffering from the complicated negative microenvironments,such as high-glucose,excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS),hypoxia and malnutrition.Unfortunately,few strategies have been developed to ameliorate the multiple microenvironments simultaneously.In this study,Chlorella sp.(Chlorella)hydrogels were prepared against diabetic wounds.In vitro experiments demonstrated that living Chlorella could produce dissolved oxygen by photosynthesis,actively consume glucose and deplete ROS with the inherent antioxidants,during the daytime.At night,Chlorella was inactivated in situ by chlorine dioxide with human-body harmless concentration to utilize its abundant contents.It was verified in vitro that the inactivated-Chlorella could supply nutrition,relieve inflammation and terminate the oxygen-consumption of Chlorella-respiration.The advantages of living Chlorella and its contents were integrated ingeniously.The abovementioned functions were proven to accelerate cell proliferation,migration and angiogenesis in vitro.Then,streptozotocininduced diabetic mice were employed for further validation.The in vivo outcomes confirmed that Chlorella could ameliorate the undesirable microenvironments,including hypoxia,high-glucose,excessiveROS and chronic inflammation,thereby synergistically promoting tissue regeneration.Given the results above,Chlorella is considered as a tailor-made therapeutic strategy for diabetic wound healing.

关键词： Chlorella sp. Diabetic wound healing Oxygen production Glucose consumption ROS depletion Nutrition supplement Anti-inflammation