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A PTEN translational isoform has PTEN-like activity

Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2015年第5期27卷 524-532页

作者： Xie Zhang Bowei Yin fangfang zhu Guochang Huang Hong Li Department of Gastroenterology Ningbo Medical CenterLiHuiLi Hospital School of Medicine Ningbo University Ningbo Medical Center Ningbo Medical CenterLiHuiLi hospital Minimally Invasive Abdominal Surgery Ningbo Medical CenterLiHuiLi hospital

Background： To identify PTEN isoform and explore its potential role in tumor suppression. Methods： Western blotting, over-expression, shRNA mediated knocking-down, and bioinformatic analysis were used to identify PTEN isoform and test its effect on PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration assays were used to test PTEN isoform＇s biological activities. Results： The PTEN isoform is about 15 kDa bigger than PTEN and its expression is dependent on PTEN status. Immunoprecipitation for PTEN isoform followed by screening with antibodies against ISG15, SUMO1/2/3, Ubiquitin, and Nedd8 showed the identified PTEN isoform is not a general proteinaceous post-translational modification. In addition, overexpression of PTEN cDNA in cells did not generate PTEN isoform whereas knocking-down of PTEN reduced the protein levels of both PTEN and PTEN isoform in a proportional manner. Analysis of PTEN DNA sequence disclosed an alternative translational starting code （CTG） upstream of canonical PTEN coding sequence. Expression of cloned PTEN isoform generated a protein with a size about 15 kDa bigger than PTEN and suppressed PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in cells. Overexpression of PTEN isoform also led to decrease in cell growth and enhanced serum starvation--and UV irradiation--induced apoptosis through activation of Caspase 3. Finally, expression of PTEN isoform inhibited cell migration in scratch assay. Conclusions： PTEN isoform has PTEN-Iike activity and might be a new tumor suppressor.

关键词： PTEN PTEN isoform rumor suppressor PI3K-Akt cell growth apoptosis cell migration

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LETRNG—A Lightweight and Efficient True Random Number Generator for GNU/Linux Systems

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2023年第2期28卷 370-385页

作者： Yucong Chen fangfang zhu Yanshan Tian Shuaixin Xu Lihong Han Qingguo Zhou Nam Ling School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Santa Clara UniversitySanta ClaraCA 95053 USA

Unpredictable and irreproducible digital keys are required to modulate security-related information in secure communication *** random number generators(TRNGs)rather than pseudorandom number generators(PRNGs)are required for the highest level of *** is a significant component in the digital security realm for extracting unpredictable binary ***,most TRNGs extract high-quality“noise”from unpredictable physical random ***,these applications must be equipped with external hardware for collecting entropy and converting them into a random digital *** study introduces a lightweight and efficient true random number generator(LETRNG)that uses the inherent randomness of a central processing unit(CPU)and an operating system(OS)as the source of *** then utilize a lightweight post-processing method based on XOR and fair coin operation to generate an unbiased random binary *** based on two famous test suites(NIST and ENT)show that LETRNG is perfectly capable of generating high-quality random numbers suitable for various GNU/Linux systems.

关键词： GNU/Linux system true random number generator complex system inherent randomness nondeterminism

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Modelling the impact of sea-level rise on urban flood probability in SE China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第2期10卷 363-372页

作者： James Andrew Griffiths fangfang zhu Faith Ka Shun Chan David Laurence Higgitt School of Geographical Sciences University of Nottingham Ningbo China Department of Civil Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China School of Geography University of Leeds WaterLeeds Research Institute University of Leeds Lancaster University College at Beijing Jiaotong University Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University

Urban drainage systems in coastal cities in SE China are characterized by often complex canal and sluicegate systems that are designed to safely drain pluvial flooding whilst preventing tidal ***, the risk of coastal flooding in the region is expected to increase over the next 50-100 years, as urban areas continue to expand and sea-levels are expected to rise. To assess the impact of projected sealevel rise on this type of urban drainage system, a one-dimensional model and decision support tool was developed. The model indicated that although sea-level rise represents a significant challenge, flood probability will continue to be most influenced by rainfall. Events that are significant enough to cause flooding will most likely be minimally impacted by changes to the tidal frame. However, it was found that a sea-level rise of up to 1.2 m by 2010 would result in increased drainage times and higher volumes of over-topping when flooding occurs.

关键词： Coastal Probability Typhoon Scenarios Flood management

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The development of roadside green swales in the Chinese Sponge City Program:Challenges and opportunities

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2023年第4期10卷 566-581页

作者： Lingwen Lu Faith Ka Shun Chan Matthew Johnson fangfang zhu Yaoyang Xu Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Ningbo Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Xiamen361021China School of Geographical Sciences Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100China CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution ControlNingbo315830China Water@Leeds Research Institute University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK School of Geography University of NottinghamNottinghamshireNG72RDUK Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in BeilunNingbo 315830China

Roadside green swales have emerged as popular stormwater management infrastructure in urban areas,serving to mitigate stormwater pollution and reduce urban surface water ***,there is a limited understanding of the various types,structures,and functions of swales,as well as the potential challenges they may face in the *** recent years,China has witnessed a surge in the adoption of roadside green swales,especially as part of the prestigious Sponge City Program(SCP).These green swales play a crucial role in controlling stormwater pollution and conserving urban water resources by effectively removing runoff pollutants,including suspended solids,nitrogen,and *** review critically examines recent research findings,identifies key knowledge gaps,and presents future recommendations for designing green swales for effective stormwater management,with a particular emphasis on ongoing major Chinese infrastructure *** the growing global interest in bioswales and their significance in urban development,China's current classification of such features lacks a clear definition or specific consideration of ***,policymakers have often underestimated the adverse environmental effects of road networks,as reflected in existing laws and planning *** review argues that the construction and maintenance of roadside green swales should be primarily based on three critical factors:Wellthought-out road planning,suitable construction conditions,and sustainable long-term *** integration of quantitative environmental standards into road planning is essential to effectively address the challenge of pollution from rainfall *** combat pollution associated with roads,a comprehensive assessment of potential pollution loadings should be carried out,guiding the appropriate design and construction of green swales,with a particular focus on addressing the phenomenon of first *** of the major challenges faced in su

关键词： grass swale infiltration swale bioswale wet swale spongecity

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Pt-Ru Catalysts Prepared by a Modified Polyol Process for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

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贵金属 2012年第A1期33卷 222-226页

作者： ZHANG Junmin zhu fangfang ZHANG Kunhua LIU Weiping GUAN Weiming State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies for Comprehensive Utilization of Platinum Metals Kunming Institute of Precious MetalsKunming 650106China

Supported PtRu/C catalysts used in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) were prepared by a new modified polyol method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and cyclic voltammograms (CVs) were carried out to characterize the morphology, composition and the electrochemical properties of the PtRu/C catalyst. The results revealed that the PtRu nanoparticles with small average particle size (≈2.5 nm), and highly dispersed on the carbon support. The PtRu/C catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity and anti poisoned performance than that of the JM PtRu/C. It is imply that the modified polyol method is efficient for PtRu/C catalyst preparation.

关键词： PtRu/C catalysts modified polyol method direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs) electrochemical performance

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Circulating tumor cells:biology and clinical significance

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第12期6卷 3510-3533页

作者： Danfeng Lin Lesang Shen Meng Luo Kun Zhang Jinfan Li Qi Yang fangfang zhu Dan Zhou Shu Zheng Yiding Chen Jiaojiao Zhou Department of Breast Surgery the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Cancer Institute(Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education)the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Breast Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina Department of Pathology the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Surgery Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of ZhujiShaoxingChina

Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are tumor cells that have sloughed off the primary tumor and extravasate into and circulate in the *** of the metastatic cascade of CTCs has tremendous potential for the identification of targets against cancer *** these very rare CTCs among the massive blood cells is ***,emerging technologies for CTCs detection have profoundly contributed to deepening investigation into the biology of CTCs and have facilitated their clinical *** technologies for the detection of CTCs are summarized herein,together with their advantages and *** detection of CTCs is usually dependent on molecular markers,with the epithelial cell adhesion molecule being the most widely used,although molecular markers vary between different types of *** associated with epithelial-tomesenchymal transition and stemness have been identified in CTCs,indicating their increased metastatic *** a small proportion of CTCs can survive and eventually initiate metastases,suggesting that an interaction and modulation between CTCs and the hostile blood microenvironment is essential for CTC ***-cell sequencing of CTCs has been extensively investigated,and has enabled researchers to reveal the genome and transcriptome of ***,we also review the clinical applications of CTCs,especially for monitoring response to cancer treatment and in evaluating ***,CTCs have and will continue to contribute to providing significant insights into metastatic processes and will open new avenues for useful clinical applications.

关键词： clinical eventually deepening

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Epigenetic regulation of aging:implications for interventions of aging and diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第12期7卷 4283-4304页

作者： Kang Wang Huicong Liu Qinchao Hu Lingna Wang Jiaqing Liu Zikai Zheng Weiqi Zhang Jie Ren fangfang zhu Guang-Hui Liu State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences100101 BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences100101 BeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 BeijingChina School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University200030 ShanghaiChina CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation100101 BeijingChina Hospital of Stomatology Sun Yat-sen University510060 GuangzhouChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology Guanghua School of StomatologySun Yat-sen University510060 GuangzhouChina Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of Sciences100101 BeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical University100053 BeijingChina Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine 100101 BeijingChina

Aging is accompanied by the decline of organismal functions and a series of prominent hallmarks,including genetic and epigenetic *** aging-associated epigenetic changes include DNA methylation,histone modification,chromatin remodeling,non-coding RNA(ncRNA)regulation,and RNA modification,all of which participate in the regulation of the aging process,and hence contribute to aging-related ***,understanding the epigenetic mechanisms in aging will provide new avenues to develop strategies to delay ***,aging interventions based on manipulating epigenetic mechanisms have led to the alleviation of aging or the extension of the lifespan in animal *** molecule-based therapies and reprogramming strategies that enable epigenetic rejuvenation have been developed for ameliorating or reversing aging-related *** addition,adopting health-promoting activities,such as caloric restriction,exercise,and calibrating circadian rhythm,has been demonstrated to delay ***,various clinical trials for aging intervention are ongoing,providing more evidence of the safety and efficacy of these ***,we review recent work on the epigenetic regulation of aging and outline the advances in intervention strategies for aging and age-associated diseases.A better understanding of the critical roles of epigenetics in the aging process will lead to more clinical advances in the prevention of human aging and therapy of aging-related diseases.

关键词： aging prevention hence

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Employee Transition and Future Outlook： Evolution from Employee 1.0 to Employee 4.0

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China Economist 2018年第3期13卷 78-87页

作者： Li Haijian zhu fangfang Institute of Industrial Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) Beijing China The Graduate School of CASS Beijing

This paper reviews the history and journey of employee transition since the era of industrial economy, and divides the journey of employee transition into four stages according to evolving employee status and roles: Employee 1.0 refers to subordinates who have little initiative and simply obeys orders. Employee 2.0 refers to self-managers who become "strategic business unit(SBU)", "manager" and "CEO". Employee 3.0 refers to entrepreneurs whose role is maker or partner. Employee 4.0 is self-organizers who act as social man and pursues personal imperialism, online development and global sharing.

关键词： Employee 4. O employee status employee role social man

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高管薪酬激励、可用冗余和研发投入——兼谈高管团队稳定的情境影响

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科学学与科学技术管理 2018年第9期39卷 120-136页

作者：朱芳芳中国社会科学院研究生院北京102488

利用我国2011—2015年间沪深两市高新技术企业为样本,分析了高管薪酬激励、可用冗余与研发投入的关系,并基于高管团队稳定状况对以上关系进行深入探讨。结果表明:可用冗余与研发投入正相关;高管薪酬水平与可用冗余正相关,并会负向调节... 详细信息

利用我国2011—2015年间沪深两市高新技术企业为样本,分析了高管薪酬激励、可用冗余与研发投入的关系,并基于高管团队稳定状况对以上关系进行深入探讨。结果表明:可用冗余与研发投入正相关;高管薪酬水平与可用冗余正相关,并会负向调节可用冗余与研发投入的正向关系;可用冗余会降低高管薪酬业绩敏感性;当高管团队较稳定时,高管薪酬水平对可用冗余与研发投入关系所起的负向调节效应更加显著。在区分最终控制人性质后,发现以上结论均在非国企中更为显著。

关键词：可用冗余研发投入高管薪酬水平高管薪酬业绩敏感性高管团队稳定

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股东对创新投入的反应:股权激励异质性的信号作用

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科技进步与对策 2022年第15期39卷 79-88页

作者：朱芳芳南京农业大学经济管理学院江苏南京210095

以我国2017—2019年沪深两市A股实施股权激励的上市企业为样本,基于股东视角分析股东对创新投入信息的反应,探讨这一反应在股权高度集中时的变化,并考察高管团队股权激励异质性因素向股东传递信号的机制。结果表明,创新投入与股东反应... 详细信息

以我国2017—2019年沪深两市A股实施股权激励的上市企业为样本,基于股东视角分析股东对创新投入信息的反应,探讨这一反应在股权高度集中时的变化,并考察高管团队股权激励异质性因素向股东传递信号的机制。结果表明,创新投入与股东反应正相关;股权集中度正向调节创新投入与股东反应的关系;股权激励异质性负向调节创新投入与股东反应的关系,且该效应在民企中更加显著;经营风险是股权激励异质性负向影响股东对创新投入反应的中介变量。

关键词：股东反应创新投入股权集中度股权激励异质性经营风险

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