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Risk assessment of agricultural green water security in Northeast China under climate change

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2178-2194页

作者： Jingxuan SUN Guangxin ZHANG Yanfeng WU Liwen CHEN Peng qi Boting HU yijun XU Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of Sciences School of Renewable Natural Resources Louisiana State University Agricultural Center

Northeast China is an important base for grain production, dominated by rain-fed agriculture that relies on green water. However, in the context of global climate change, rising regional temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and increasing drought frequency pose threats and challenges to agricultural green water security. This study provides a detailed assessment of the spatiotemporal characteristics and development trends of green water security risks in the Northeast region under the base period(2001–2020) and the future(2031–2090) climate change scenarios(SSP245 and SSP585) using the green water scarcity(GWS) index based on raster-scale crop spatial distribution data, Delta downscaling bias-corrected ERA5 data,and CMIP6 multimodal data. During the base period, the green water risk-free zone for dry crops is mainly distributed in the center and east of the Northeast region(72.4% of the total area), the low-risk zone is primarily located in the center(14.0%), and the medium-risk(8.3%) and high-risk(5.3%) zones are mostly in the west. Under SSP245 and SSP585 future climate change scenarios, the green water security risk shows an overall expansion from the west to the center and east, with the low-risk zone increasing to 21.6% and 23.8%, the medium-risk zone increasing to 16.0% and 17.9%, and the high-risk zone increasing to 6.9%and 6.8%, respectively. Considering dry crops with GWS greater than 0.1 as in need of irrigation, the irrigated area increases from 27.6%(base period) to 44.5%(SSP245) and 48.6%(SSP585), with corresponding increases in irrigation water requirement(IWR) of 4.64 and 5.92 billion m3, respectively, which further exacerbates conflicts between supply and demand of agricultural water resources. In response to agricultural green water security risks, coping strategies such as evapotranspiration(ET)-based water resource management for dry crops and deficit irrigation are proposed. The results of this study can provide scientific basis and decision support for the development of Northeast i

关键词： Climate change Food security Green water security risk Irrigation water requirement Green water scarcity

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Metal-Free Photocatalytic[4+2]Annulation of Acrylamides with 2-Benzyl-2-bromocarbonyls to Assemble Tetralin-1-carboxamides

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第2期42卷 157-163页

作者： Weicai Li Lu Tan yijun Chen Rui Liu Zhongyu qi Shixuan Yuan Zhanwen Huang Siping Wei Xi Du Dong Yi Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province School of PharmacySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan 646000China Department of Chemistry School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan 646000China Department of Pharmacy Affiliated HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan 646000China

Tetralin-1-carboxamides are frequently incorporated in myriad medicinally important molecules.However,their existing synthetic routes not only suffer from some drawbacks such as tedious procedures,harsh reaction conditions,narrow substrate scope,low yields,and environmental problems,but are also based upon the elaboration of uneasily available non-linear tetralin derivatives.Herein,we describe a metal-and additive-free visible light-induced[4+2]annulation of two simple linear starting materials,namely acrylamides and 2-benzyl-2-bromocarbonyls,through a cascade C(sp^(3))-Br/C(sp^(2))-H bond cleavage,double C-C bond formation,and aromatization sequence.The developed protocol provides a convenient,efficient,and green approach to a variety of tetralin-1-carboxamide derivatives with good functional group compatibility.Importantly,the resulting products could also undergo the Licl-mediated mono-decarboxylative cyclization process to further furnish the architecturally novel bridged polycyclic imides with excellentcis-diastereoselectivities.

关键词： Annulation Metal-free Photoredox catalysis Tetralin-1-carboxamide Cyclic imides Synthetic methods C-C coupling Radical reactions Reaction mechanisms

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Evolution of lmiRNAs and their targets from MITEs for rice adaptation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第12期64卷 2411-2424页

作者： Tianxiao Huang Yan Li Wei Wang Le Xu Jingrui Li Yijun Qi Center for Plant Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua University.Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Twenty-four nucleotide long microRNAs(ImiRNAs)direct DNA methylation at target genes and regulate their transcription.The evolutionary origin of ImiRNAs and the range of ImiRNA-mediated regulation remain obscure.Here,we reannotated ImiRNAs and their targets in rice by applying stringent criteria.We found that the majority of ImiRNAs are derived from Miniature Inverted-repeat Transposable Elements(MITEs)and most sites targeted by MITE-derived ImiRNAs reside within MITEs,suggesting co-evolution of ImiRNAs and their targets through MITE amplification.ImiRNAs undergo dynamically changes under stress conditions and the genes targeted by ImiRNAs show an enrichment for stress-responsive genes,suggesting that ImiRNAs are widely involved in plant responses to stresses.We constructed the evolutionary histories of ImiRNAs and their targets.Nearly half of ImiRNAs emerged before or when the AA genome was diverged,while the emergence of ImiRNA targets coincided with or followed the emergence of ImiRNAs.Furthermore,we found that the sequences of a ImiRNA target site underwent variations,coincident with the divergence of rice accessions and the distribution of rice accessions in different geographical locations and climatic conditions.Our findings highlight MITEs as an important origin of ImiRNAs and suggest that the evolution of ImiRNA-target regulatory modules may contribute to rice adaptation to environmental changes.

关键词： DNA methylation evolution miRNA stress

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A 5′tRNA-Ala-derived small RNA regulates anti-fungal defense in plants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 1-15页

作者： Hanqing Gu Bi Lian Yuxiang Yuan Ci Kong Yan Li Chang Liu Yijun Qi Center for Plant Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Apart from their primordial role in protein synthesis,t RNAs can be cleaved to produce t RNA-derived small RNAs(ts RNAs).The biological functions of ts RNAs in plants remain largely unknown.In this study,we developed Rtc B ligation-based small RNA(s RNA)sequencing,a method that captures and distinguishes between 3′-2′,3′-cyclic-phosphate(c P)/phosphate(P)-terminated s RNAs and 3′-OH-terminated s RNAs,and profiled 5′ts RNAs and 5′t RNA halves in Arabidopsis thaliana.We found that Arabidopsis 5′ts RNAs and 5′t RNA halves predominantly contain a c P at the 3′end and require S-like RNase 1(RNS1)and RNS3 for their production.One of the most abundant 5′ts RNAs,5′ts R-Ala,by associating with AGO1,negatively regulates Cytochrome P45071 A13(CYP71 A13)expression and camalexin biosynthesis to repress anti-fungal defense.Interestingly,5′ts R-Ala is downregulated upon fungal infection.Our study provides a global view of 5′ts RNAs and 5′t RNA halves in Arabidopsis and unravels an important role of a 5′ts RNA in regulating anti-fungal defense.

关键词： tRNA-derived small RNAs small RNA sequencing RNase T2 CYP71A13 disease resistance

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Corrigendum to“3Cpro of FMDV inhibits type II interferon-stimulated JAK-STAT signaling pathway by blocking STAT1 nuclear translocation”[Virol Sin 38(2023)387–397]

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 351-354页

作者： Xiangju Wu Lei Chen Chao Sui Yue Hu Dandan Jiang Fan Yang Laura C.Miller Juntong Li Xiaoyan Cong Nataliia Hrabchenko Changhee Lee yijun Du Jing qi Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARAInstitute of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineInstitute of Crop Germplasm ResourcesShandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan250100China College of Life Science Shandong Normal UniversityJinan250358China State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference LaboratoryKey Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of AgricultureLanzhou Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou730050China Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology College of Veterinary MedicineKansas State UniversityManhattanKS66506USA College of Veterinary Medicine and Virus Vaccine Research Center Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju52828Republic of Korea

Due to our negligence,the original version of this article,published online on Mar 14,2023,contained some mistakes in several Figs.In Fig.2D,the positions of the bands for protein 3A and 3B were incorrectly shifted.Th... 详细信息

关键词： STAT1 FMDV bands

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RNA biology and therapeutics

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Fundamental Research 2023年第5期3卷 655-656页

作者： Puyue Wang Yuanchao Xue Yijun Qi Runsheng Chen Department of Life Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of RNA Biology Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Plant Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Eukaryotic genomes undergo pervasive transcription,generating vast amounts of noncoding RNAs alongside protein-coding mRNAs[1].These noncoding RNAs,including small noncoding RNAs,long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs),and circular RNAs,have been shown to play critical roles in gene regulation,chromatin remodeling,assembly of membraneless organelles,and other essential biological processes.They function through a diverse range of mechanisms[2],[3],[4],[5].Dysregulation of noncoding RNAs contributes to human disease pathogenesis and affects plant development and stress response[6],[7],[8].Over the past decade,significant progress has been made in unraveling the functions of noncoding RNAs and elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which they operate.The involvement of noncoding RNAs in human disease pathogenesis and agronomic trait regulation has garnered increasing attention.

关键词： involvement pathogenesis remodeling

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Rational design of oral drugs targeting mucosa delivery with gut organoid platforms

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第12期30卷 116-128页

作者： Tianjian Tong Yijun Qi Derrick Rollins Luke D.Bussiere Debarpan Dhar Cathy L.Miller Chenxu Yu Qun Wang Department of Agricultural Biosystem and Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Interdepartmental Microbiology Program Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Department of Statistics Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA

Effective oral drugs and vaccines require high delivery efficiency across the gastrointestinal epithelia and protection of medically effective payloads(i.e.,immunogens)against gastric damage.In this study,hollowed nanocarriers(NCs:silica nanospheres and gold nanocages)with poly-l-lysine(PLL)coating and mammalian orthoreovirus cell attachment proteinσ1 functionalization(NC-PLL-σ1)were explored as functional oral drug delivery vehicles(ODDVs).The transport of these ODDVs to mucosal lymphoid tissues could be facilitated by microfold cells(M-cells)mediated transcytosis(viaσ1-α2–3-linked sialic acids adherence)across gastrointestinal epithelia.PLL coating provided protection and slow-release of rhodamine 6 G(R6G),a model payload.The transport effectiveness of these ODDVs was tested on intestinal organoid monolayers in vitro.When compared with other experimental groups,the fully functionalized ODDV system(with PLL-σ1)demonstrated two significant advantages:a significantly higher transport efficiency(198%over blank control at 48 h);and protection of payloads which led to both better transport efficiency and extended-release of payloads(61%over uncoated carriers at 48 h).In addition,it was shown that the M cell presence in intestinal organoid monolayers(modulated by Rank L stimulation)was a determining factor on the transport efficiency of the ODDVs:more M-cells(induced by higher Rank L)in the organoid monolayers led to higher transport efficiency for ODDV-delivered model payload(R6G).The fully functionalized ODDVs showed great potential as effective oral delivery vehicles for drugs and vaccines.

关键词： Oral drug delivery vehicles Organoids Biomimetic virus Sigma 1 protein Gold and silica nanoparticles

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Mechanism of K/Ni Etching for Biochar-H_(2)O Gasification

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第3期31卷 1-18页

作者： Zhenyu Cheng Dongdong Feng qi Shang yijun Zhao Wenda Zhang and Shaozeng Sun School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Biomass-H_(2)O gasification is a complex thermochemical reaction,including three processes of volatile removal:homogeneous/heterogeneous reforming,biochar gasification and etching.The rate-determining step is biochar-H_(2)O gasification and etching so the DFT is carried out to see the catalytic role of different metal elements(K/Ni)in the zigzag biochar model.The calculation results show that the gasification of biochar-H_(2)O needs to go through four processes:dissociative adsorption of water,hydrogen transfer(hydrogen desorption,hydrogen atom transfer),carbon dissolution and CO desorption.The energy barrier indicated that the most significant step in reducing the activation energy of K is reflected in the hydrogen transfer step,which is reduced from 374.14 kJ/mol to 152.41 kJ/mol;the catalytic effect of Ni is mainly reflected in the carbon dissolution step,which is reduced from 122.34 kJ/mol to 84.8 kJ/mol.The existence of K causes the edge to have a stronger attraction to H and does not destroy theπbonds of biochar molecules.The destruction ofπbonds is mainly due to the role of H free radicals,while the destruction ofπbonds will lead to easier C-C bond rupture.Ni shows a strong attraction to O in OH,which forms strong Ni-O chemical bonds.Ni can also destroy the aromatic structure directly,making the gasification easier to happen.This study explored the catalytic mechanism of K/Ni on the biochar-H_(2)O gasification at the molecular level and looked forward to the potential synergy of K/Ni,laying a foundation for experimental research and catalyst design.

关键词： Biochar Potassium-nickel catalysis H_(2)O gasification etching Quantum chemistry Transition state theory

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Plant non-coding RNAs and epigenetics

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第2期61卷 135-137页

作者： Jia-Wei Wang Yijun Qi National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG) CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE) Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS) Shanghai 200032 China Shanghai Tech University Shanghai 200031 China Center for Plant Biology School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084 China

Epigenetics plays a large role in various aspects of plant biology,including development,response to biotic and abiotic stresses,silencing of transposable elements,and maintenance of genome stability.In plants,epigenetic regulation involves histone and DNA modifications and noncoding RNAs including small RNAs(s RNAs)and long noncoding RNAs(lnc RNAs).This issue of Science China Life Sciences includes five review articles and eight

关键词： RNA 非编码生命科学生物学染色体 DNA 工厂

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An expression atlas of miRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第2期61卷 178-189页

作者： Le Xu Yugang Hu Ying Cao Jingrui Li Ligeng Ma Yan Li Yijun Qi Center for Plant Biology School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084 China College of Biologieal Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China College of Life Sciences-Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate a variety of biological processes. miRNA expression often exhibits spatial and temporal specificity. However, genome-wide miRNA expression patterns in different organs during development of Arabidopsis thaliana have not yet been systemically investigated. In this study, we sequenced small RNA libraries generated from 27 different organ/tissue types, which cover the entire life cycle of Arabidopsis. Analysis of the sequencing data revealed that most miRNAs are ubiquitously expressed, whereas a small set of miRNAs display highly specific expression patterns. In addition, different miRNA members within the same family have distinct spatial and temporal expression patterns. Moreover, we found that some miRNAs are produced from different arms of their hairpin precursors at different developmental stages. This work provides new insights into the regulation of miRNA biogenesis and a rich resource for future investigation of miRNA functions in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Arabidopsis miRNAs 地图集生物过程织物类型生命周期表示模非编码

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