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局部降温对输水渠道水华抑制的影响分析

水资源与水工程学报 2024年第2期35卷 130-138,148页

作者：张雅卓宋芷萱姚烨闫琳琳徐楚涵天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室天津300350 天津理工大学海洋能源与智能建设研究院天津300384

南水北调中线工程自通水以来,发挥着巨大的社会和经济效益,已成为京津地区的主力水源。中线工程输水的水质理化指标相对稳定,但局部渠段存在藻类异常增殖现象,有水华爆发的风险。针对出现的藻类异常增殖问题,在通冷风这一改变局部气象... 详细信息

南水北调中线工程自通水以来,发挥着巨大的社会和经济效益,已成为京津地区的主力水源。中线工程输水的水质理化指标相对稳定,但局部渠段存在藻类异常增殖现象,有水华爆发的风险。针对出现的藻类异常增殖问题,在通冷风这一改变局部气象条件的工程措施基础上,建立了澎河—沙河渡槽段平面二维水动力和水质模型,研究了通风位置、通风温度和通风时长等因素对输水渠道水温和藻类的影响。研究表明:水温和叶绿素a浓度均与通风位置、通风温度和通风时长有关,通风温度越低、通风时长越长,平均水温和叶绿素a浓度下降幅度越大,平均水温最高可下降约2℃,叶绿素a浓度最大可降低约54.5%,且仅上游和全渠段通风均可有效降低水温和抑制藻类生长,仅下游通风对水温和藻类的影响较小。因此,采取局部降温的方式可以起到一定的降低叶绿素a浓度的作用,综合考虑藻类抑制效果和工程成本,在水华易爆发渠段的上游通冷风是行之有效的工程措施。

关键词：输水渠道水华局部降温通冷风叶绿素a 水温数值模拟南水北调中线工程

Effects of fulvestrant on biological activity and Wnt expression in rat GH3 cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第4期7卷 283-289页

作者： Jiwei Bai Yan Wang Chuzhong Li yazhuo zhang Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China Center of Clinical Genetics Affiliated Bayi Children＇s Hospital General Hospital of Beijing Military Command of Chinese PLA Beijing 100700 China

The present study investigated the influence of anti-estrogen treatment （fulvestrant） on pituitary adenoma cell line GH3 biological activity, the estrogen receptor a pathway, the WnT pathway, and mechanisms of decreased Wnt inhibitory factor-1 expression in GH3 cells. Results showed that fulvestrant suppressed GH3 cell proliferation and reduced hormone secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Estrogen receptor a and Wnt4 expression decreased, but Wnt inhibitory factor-1 expression increased in a dose-dependent manner following fulvestrant treatment, and β-catenin expression remained unchanged. Inhibitors of DNA methylation and histone modification upregulated Wnt inhibitory factor-1 expression. Results suggested that fulvestrant suppressed biological activity of GH3 cells via the estrogen receptor a and Wnt pathways. These results suggested that decreased Wnt inhibitory factor-1 expression in GH3 cells played a role in epigenetic mechanisms. Anti-estrogen therapies could provide novel treatments for growth hormone adenomas.

关键词： β-catenin estrogen estrogen receptor a GH3 cell line Wnt inhibitory factor-1 Wnt4

Effects of Shuyusan on monoamine neurotransmitters expression in a rat model of chronic stress-induced depression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第33期6卷 2582-2588页

作者： Yuanyuan zhang Jianjun Jia Liping Chen Zhitao Han Yulan Zhao Honghong zhang yazhuo Hu Department of Neurology South Building of Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China

Shuyusan, a traditional Chinese medicine, was shown to improve depression symptoms and behavioral scores, as well as increase 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and 5-hydroxytryptophan levels, in a rat model of chronic stress-induced depression. However, dopamine, noradrenalin, and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol expressions remained unchanged following Shuyusan treatment. Compared with the model group, the number of 5-HT-positive neurons in layers 4-5 of the frontal cortex, as well as hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions, significantly increased following Shuyusan treatment. These results suggested that Shuyusan improved symptoms in a rat model of chronic stress-induced depression with mechanisms that involved 5-HT, 5-HT metabolite, 5-HT precursor expressions.

关键词： 5-hydroxytryptamine chronic stress depression neurotransmitter Shuyusan traditional Chinese medicine

μ-and m-calpain expression and activity changes following diethylstilbestrol injection in the rat anterior pituitary

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第1期6卷 60-65页

作者： Weijiang Zhao Zhongfang Shi Fang Yuan Guilin Li yazhuo zhang Zhongcheng Wang Neuroscience Center Shantou University Medical College Shantou 51504 I Guangdong Province China Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China

Little is known about changes in calpain activity in the pituitary gland. In the present study,μ- and m-calpain activity changes were detected in the rat anterior pituitary following intraperitoneal injection of diethylstilbestrol. Double-immunofluorescence labeling confirmed colocalization of μ- and m-calpain in prolactin-secreting cells （lactotrophs）. Western blot analysis revealed significantly increased expression of both calpains, which accompanied upregulated cytosol and membrane zymographic activities at 12 weeks following diethylstilbestrol injection, compared with rats injected with sunflower oil. Moreover, following estrogen injection, pituitary gland pathological damage gradually worsened with increasing time. Results demonstrated that estrogen regulated calpain expression and activity, and both calpains participated in the pathophysiological processes of the pituitary gland. Ubiquitous calpain expression could serve as an effective target for anti-estrogen drugs.

关键词： diethylstilbestrol ubiquitous calpain anterior pituitary prolactinoma Wistar rats

Role of EGFL7/EGFR-signaling pathway in migration and invasion of growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第8期61卷 893-901页

作者： Qian Liu Junwen zhang Hua Gao Taoyang Yuan Jie Kang Lu Jin Songbai Gui yazhuo zhang Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Capital Medical University Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Capital Medical University Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University

Currently, the primary therapeutic strategy for most growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas （GHPA） is surgery. Due to the invasiveness of GHPA, high recurrence has limited the benefit of complete adenoma removal surgery. Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 （EGFL7） is a secreted factor implicated in tumor angiogenesis, growth, invasiveness and metastasis in GHPA. Herein, we observed that the expression level of EGFL7 and p-EGFR in invasive GHPA was much higher than that ofnon-invasive GHPA. The overexpression of EGFL7 was positively correlated with activation of EGFR （p-EGFR）. Noticeably, EGFL7 knockdown sig- nificantly inhibited activation of EGFR signaling cascades, including p-ERGR, p-AKT and p-ERK. Further studies showed that EGFL7 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of EGFR-pathway, using EGFR inhibitor Tyrphostin AG-1478, significantly suppressed migration and invasion of GH3 and GTI-1 cells. In summary, our findings suggest that EGFL7 is a key factor for regulation of EGFR signaling pathway and plays an important role in migration and invasion of invasive GHPA.

关键词： EGFL7 EGFR growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas (GHPA) invasion tumorigenesis

Long-term application of diethylstilbestrol upregulates expressions of μ-and m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe of female Wistar rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2007年第5期2卷 276-280页

作者： Weijiang Zhao Fang Yuan Guilin Li Zhongfang Shi Yun Cui yazhuo zhang Zhongcheng Wang Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Beijing 100050 China Graduate School. Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100069 China

BACKGROUND： During formation of prolactin neoplasia, how cells and its structure in adenohypophysis affect prolactin cells should be further studied. Intermediate lobe can be regarded as a driving region to release prolactin （PRL） and may promote formation of prolactin neoplasia in pituitary anterior lobe. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effect of diethylstilbestrol （DES） on the expressions of μ and m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe of female Wistar rats. DESIGN： Observational contrast animal study. SETTING： Beijing Neurosurgical Institute. MATERIALS： A total of 21 female Wistar rats, 3 weeks old weighing 70-80 g were housed with free access to tap water and standard pellet food. They were kept in a CL-grade condition, at （24±1）℃ and a humidity of （55±5）%, and with a 12 hours day-night cycle. Caprine anti-μ- and m-calpains antibodies were provided by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, USA; rabbit-anti-PRL antibodies by Dako, Denmark; rabbit-anti-ACTH antibody by Boster Company, Wuhan. METHODS： The experiment was carried out in Pathophysiological Department and Animal Laboratory, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute from August 2006 to January 2007. ① Rats were randomly divided into groups with 7 in each group, including vehicle control group, in which rats were injected intraperitoneally with sun-flower seed oil （1 mL/kg, twice a week） for 16 weeks; DES group, where animals were administered with DES （5 mg/kg, twice a week） for 16 weeks; DES ＋ vehicle control group, in which DES was administered for 12 weeks at the same dose with those in DES group, and then was discontinued and replaced by sun-flower seed oil （1 mL/kg, twice a week） for the following 4 weeks. ② At 16 weeks later, pituitary tissue was dealt with HE staining and PRL immunohistochemical examination to observe evoke of tumor; meanwhile, immunohistochemical examination was used to observe expression of PRL of pituitary anterior lobe, expressions of μ- and m-calpains of pituitary intermediate lobe and distributi

关键词： diethylstilbestrol prolactinoma calpains prolactin intermediate lobe

Cretaceous-Neogene Exhumation of the Daqing Shan,North China Constrained by Apatite Fission Track Thermochronology

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 99-111页

作者： Junlin Zhou Yuhong Li Wei Han Yunpeng zhang Gaochao Chen Qiao zhang Jianshe Wei yazhuo Niu Xi'an Center of China Geological Survey Xi an 710054China Northwest China Center for Center Geoscience Innovation Xi'an 710054China

The Daqing Shan(DQS)located in the Yinshan-Yanshan Orogenic Belt plays an important role in the Mesozoic to Cenozoic evolution of the North China ***,the cooling and exhumation history since the Cretaceous is still *** the apatite fission track(AFT)data in both this study and previous works,a three-stage exhumation history from Cretaceous to Neogene of the DQS is proposed.(1)The first stage is composed of the early exhumation during Early Cretaceous driven by the collision between the North China and Siberia cratons(ca.148-132 Ma)and the far-field effect of the subduction of the Pacific Plate(ca.132-114 Ma).(2)Due to the subsidence of the Hetao Basin and the subsequent compensation between the DQS and the Hetao Basin,the DQS experienced the second rapid exhumation from Early Eocene to Early Oligocene(ca.54-29 Ma).(3)Since the Late Miocene(ca.13.5 Ma),the third rapid cooling and exhumation of the DQS occurred due to the far-field effect of the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the subduction of the Pacific Plate.

关键词： Daqing Shan Hetao Basin Cretaceous-Neogene apatite geochronology apatite fission track cooling and exhumation

Pressure balance and imbalance in the optic nerve chamber： The Beijing Intracranial and Intraocular Pressure (iCOP) Study

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第5期59卷 495-503页

作者： Ruowu Hou Zheng zhang Diya Yang Huaizhou Wang Weiwei Chen Zhen Li Jinghong Sang Sumeng Liu Yiwen Cao Xiaobin Xie Ruojing Ren yazhuo zhang Bernhard A. Sabel Ningli Wang Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100730 China Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing 100730 China Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100730 China Department of Ophthalmology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China Department of Ophthalmology Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100040 China Eye center New York Eye and Ear Infirmary New York 10003 USA Department of Endoscopic and Microinvasive Neurosurgery Beijing Neurosurgery Institute Beijing Tiantian Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China Institute of Medical Psychology Medical Faculty Otto-v.-Guericke University of Magdeburg Magdeburg 39120 Germany

To determine the interdependence of intracranial pressure(ICP) and intraocular pressure(IOP) and how it affects optic nerve pressures, eight normal dogs were examined using pressure-sensing probes implanted into the left ventricle, lumbar cistern, optic nerve subarachnoid space in the left eye, and anterior chamber in the left eye. This allowed ICP, lumbar cistern pressure(LCP), optic nerve subarachnoid space pressure(ONSP) and IOP to be simultaneously recorded. After establishing baseline pressure levels, pressure changes that resulted from lowering ICP(via shunting cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) from the ventricle) were recorded. At baseline, all examined pressures were different(ICP>LCP>ONSP), but correlated(P<0.001). As ICP was lowered during CSF shunting, IOP also dropped in a parallel time course so that the trans-lamina cribrosa gradient(TLPG) remained stable(ICP-IOP dependent zone). However, once ICP fell below a critical breakpoint, ICP and IOP became uncoupled and TLPG changed as ICP declined(ICP-IOP independent zone). The optic nerve pressure gradient(ONPG) and trans-optic nerve pressure gradient(TOPG) increased linearly as ICP decreased through both the ICP-IOP dependent and independent zones. We conclude that ICP and IOP are coupled in a specific pressure range, but when ICP drops below a critical point, IOP and ICP become uncoupled and TLPG increases. When ICP drops, a rise in the ONPG and TOPG creates more pressure and reduces CSF flow around the optic nerve. This change may play a role in the development and progression of various ophthalmic and neurological diseases, including glaucoma.

关键词： glaucoma optic neuropathy trans-lamina cribrosa pressure gradient (TLPG) trans-optic canal pressure gradient(TCPG) trans-optic nerve pressure gradient (TOPG) optic nerve pressure gradient (ONPG)

Application of endoscopic endonasal approach in skull base surgeries: summary of 1886 cases in a single center for 10 consecutive years

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2020年第3期6卷 133-140页

作者： Chuzhong Li Haibo Zhu Xuyi Zong Xinsheng Wang Songbai Gui Peng Zhao Chunhui Liu Jiwei Bai Lei Cao yazhuo zhang Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center BeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases No.119 South 4th Ring West RoadFengtai DistrictBeijing 100050China

Background:Endonasal endoscopic skull base surgery has undergone rapid technological developments and is now widely performed,but its strengths and weaknesses deserve further investigation and *** study was performed to investigate the surgical indications,complications,and technical advantages and disadvantages of endonasal endoscopic skull base ***:The clinical data of 1886 endoscopic endonasal skull base surgeries performed in our ward at Beijing Tiantan Hospital from June 2006 to June 2016 were retrospectively ***:One thousand ninety-three(73.4%,1490)pituitary adenomas,54(24.9%,217)chordomas,28(80.0%,35)craniopharyngiomas,and 15(83.3%,18)meningiomas underwent total *** patients died postoperatively,both having pituitary *** postoperative complications included olfactory disorders(n=226,11.9%),postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage(n=78,4.1%),hypopituitarism(n=74,3.9%),diabetes insipidus(n=64,3.4%),intracranial infection(n=36,1.9%),epistaxis(n=24,1.3%),vascular injury(n=8,0.4%),optic nerve injury(n=8,0.4%),and oculomotor movement impairment(n=4,0.2%).In total,1517(80.4%)patients were followed up for 6 to 126 months(average,42.5 months)postoperatively.A total of 196(13.2%)pituitary adenomas and 13(37.1%)craniopharyngiomas recurred but no meningiomas *** recurred in 97(44.7%)patients,in whom 5-year survival rate was 65%.Conclusion:Endoscopic surgery is an innovative surgical technique and the first choice for most midline extradural lesions such as chordomas,and an excellent choice for pituitary *** probably will be a good technique for many kinds of craniopharyngiomas and a common technique for most of skull base meningiomas,so the surgical indications of these cases should be chosen carefully to make good use of its respective advantages.

关键词： Complication Indication Neuroendoscopy Skull base surgery Endonasal approach