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Differences in Precipitation and Related Wind Dynamics and Moisture and Heat Features in Separate Areas of the South China Sea before and after Summer Monsoon Onset

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1643-1660页

作者： Chunyan ZHANG Donghai WANG Kaifeng ZHANG Wanwen HE yanping ZHENG yan xu Guangdong Meteorological Data Center Guangdong Meteorological BureauGuangzhou 510640China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesKey Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean SystemMinistry of EducationZhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China National Observation and Research Station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao Macao Environmental Research InstituteMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao SAR 999078China Foshan Meteorological Service Foshan 528000China Ningjiang District Meteorological bureau Songyuan 138000China

Using surface and balloon-sounding measurements, satellite retrievals, and ERA5 reanalysis during 2011–20, this study compares the precipitation and related wind dynamics, moisture and heat features in different areas of the South China Sea(SCS) before and after SCS summer monsoon onset(SCSSMO). The rainy sea around Dongsha(hereafter simply referred to as Dongsha) near the north coast, and the rainless sea around Xisha(hereafter simply referred to as Xisha) in the western SCS, are selected as two typical research subregions. It is found that Dongsha, rather than Xisha, has an earlier and greater increase in precipitation after SCSSMO under the combined effect of strong low-level southwesterly winds, coastal terrain blocking and lifting, and northern cold air. When the 950-h Pa southwesterly winds enhance and advance northward, accompanied by strengthened moisture flux, there is a strong convergence of wind and moisture in Dongsha due to a sudden deceleration and rear-end collision of wind by coastal terrain blocking. Moist and warm advection over Dongsha enhances early and deepens up to 200 h Pa in association with the strengthened upward motion after SCSSMO, thereby providing ample moisture and heat to form strong precipitation. However, when the 950-h Pa southwesterly winds weaken and retreat southward, Xisha is located in a wind-break area where strong convergence and upward motion centers move in. The vertical moistening and heating by advection in Xisha enhance later and appear far weaker compared to that in Dongsha, consistent with later and weaker precipitation.

关键词： Dongsha Xisha South China Sea summer monsoon onset precipitation wind dynamics moisture heat

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bET inhibitors enhance the anti-cancer effect of etoposide by suppressing the MRN-ATM axis in the DNA damage response

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 19-22页

作者： Zhenhai Li Wenchao xu Feng Chen Jun Zhang Wei-Guo Zhu Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhenGuangdong 518055China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenGuangdong 518055China base for International Science and Technology Cooperation:Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center International Cancer CenterShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Shenzhen bay Laboratory Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Marshall Laboratory of biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhenGuangdong 518055China

Etoposide is widely used for cancer chemotherapy in the ***,long-term etoposide treatment can lead to adverse effects or drug *** improve the situation,we evaluated the therapeutic efficiency of etoposide combined with inhibitors of bromodomain and extraterminal(bET)family proteins,which have recently emerged as novel anti-cancer targets due to their critical roles in cancer ***,we showed bRD4,one of the main targets of bET inhibitors,was involved in DNA damage response(DDR)via the homologous recombination(HR)repair pathway.

关键词： etoposide damage cancer

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Synthetic host-guest pairs as novel bioorthogonal tools for pre-targeting

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 44-56页

作者： yan-Long Ma Shi yan Xiong-Jie xu Hua Cao Ruibing Wang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityZhongshan 528458China State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and the Institute of Chinese Medical ScienceUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China

Due to its simplicity, high efficiency, and chemo-selectivity, bioorthogonal chemistry has shown a great application potential in ***, four bioorthogonal pairs as targeting tools, including (strept)avidin/biotin, antibody/antigen, oligonucleotide hybridization and IEDDA tools, have been developed and applied in targeted ***, all of these tools still suffer from some limitations, such as difficult modification, biochemical fragility and larger molecular weight for biological association tools, as well as chemical instability for IEDDA *** host-guest pairs with relatively small molecular sizes not only possess strong chemical stability, but also have the features of fast conjugation rate, tunable binding affinity , easy modification, and high ***, they can be used as a novel non-covalent bioorthogonal tool for *** order to further promote the development of host-guest pairs as novel bioorthogonal tools for pre-targeted delivery, we firstly calculate their conversion rate to make researcher aware of their unique advantages;next, we summarize the recent research progress in this *** future perspectives and limitations of these unique tools will be *** review will provide a systemic overview of the development of synthetic host-guest pairs as novel bioorthogonal tools for pre-targeting, and may serve as a “go for” resort for researchers who are interested in searching for new synthetic tools to improve pre-targeting.

关键词： bioorthogonal chemistry Synthetic host-guest pairs Pre-targeting Molecular recognition biomedical applications

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Atomic-scale mechanism of effect of co-separation of elements at interface of ferrite and austenite on Cr-depleted zone of duplex stainless steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第3期31卷 710-718页

作者： yan-hui Hou Ze-kun xu Shi-long Zhou Guang-qiang Li The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

Three-dimensional atom-probe tomography and first-principles calculation combined with density functional theory were used to study the effect of the co-segregation of different elements formed during the solidification process of S32205 duplex stainless steel on the Cr-depleted zone at the interface between ferrite and *** was found that the co-segregation of different elements formed during the solidification process of duplex stainless steel can also form Cr-depleted zone at the interface between ferrite and ***,Mo,Si,b,C and P atoms promote co-segregation with Cr atoms,which promotes the formation of Cr-depleted zone at the interface between ferrite and austenite in duplex stainless *** and Si strongly promote the segregation of Cr at the interface between ferrite and austenite,thereby promoting the formation of Cr-depleted zone.b,C and P elements also promote the segregation of Cr element at the interface between ferrite and austenite and the formation of Cr-depleted zone,but their effect is weaker than that of Mo and Si *** conclusions provide a new theoretical basis for improving the intergranular corrosion performance of duplex stainless steel.

关键词： Duplex stainless steel Cr-depleted zone Intergranular corrosion Co-segregation First-principles calculation

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Regulating the Electron-Deficient Component in A-DA1D-A Typed Small-Molecule Acceptors for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 623-630页

作者： Weifei Wei Ruijie Ma Zhanxiang Chen Tongle xu Gang Li Zhenghui Luo Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518060 China Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077 China

Fine-tuning of the electron-deficient unit in A-DA1D-A typed small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) plays a crucial role in developing efficient SMAs for organic solar cells (OSCs).Here,we developed a SMA based on benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-b]quinoxaline,designated as QW1,as well as three SMAs based on 1-methylindoline-2,3-dione,identified as QW2,QW3,and *** with QW2,QW1 displays slightly blue-shifted absorption spectra and a lower LUMO energy level due to the stronger electron-withdrawing capability of bTQx in contrast to *** the other hand,the introduction of a bromine atom in QW3 and QW4 causes a blue shift in absorption and a reduction in the LUMO energy level compared to *** functional theory analysis reveals that QW1 exhibits the best molecular planarity,which endows QW1 with larger electron mobility and tighter molecular ***,PM6:QW1 device affords a better efficiency of 15.63% than those of the devices based on QW2 (14.25%),QW3 (13.21%) and QW4 (15.03%).Moreover,the QW4-based device yields the highest open-circuit voltage of 0.933 V,and the PM6:L8-bO:QW4 ternary device realizes a PCE of 19.03%.Overall,our work demonstrates that regulation of electron-deficient central units is an effective strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of the resulting A-DA1D-A SMAs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Small-molecule acceptor Electron-deficient unit Energy conversion efficiency Renewable resources π-πstacking Green chemistry

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Recent progress in bio-inspired macrostructure array materials with special wettability—from surface engineering to functional applications

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 208-256页

作者： Zhongxu Lian Jianhui Zhou Wanfei Ren Faze Chen Jinkai xu yanling Tian Huadong yu School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022People’s Republic of China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022People’s Republic of China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350People’s Republic of China School of Engineering University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUnited Kingdom

bio-inspired macrostructure array(MAA,size:submillimeter to millimeter scale)materials with special wettability(MAAMs-SW)have attracted significant research attention due to their outstanding performance in many applications,including oil repellency,liquid/droplet manipulation,anti-icing,heat transfer,water collection,and oil–water *** this review,we focus on recent developments in the theory,design,fabrication,and application of bio-inspired *** first review the history of the basic theory of special wettability and discuss representative structures and corresponding functions of some biological surfaces,thus setting the stage for the design and fabrication of bio-inspired *** then summarize the fabrication methods of special wetting MAAs in terms of three categories:additive manufacturing,subtractive manufacturing,and formative manufacturing,as well as their diverse functional applications,providing insights into the development of these ***,the challenges and directions of future research on bio-inspired MAAMs-SW are briefy *** efforts,progress,and breakthroughs from surface engineering to functional applications elaborated herein will promote the practical application of bio-inspired MAAMs-SW.

关键词： macrostructure arrays superhydrophobic 3D printing laser droplet manipulation

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b-COPNA resin formation from ethylene tar light fractions:Process development and mechanical exploration by molecular simulation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第6期70卷 118-129页

作者： Hongyan Shen Lingrui Cui Xingguo Wei yuanqin Zhang Lian Cen Jun xu Fahai Cao Engineering Research Center of Large Scale Reactor East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

An efficient utilization strategy of ethylene tar(ET),the main by-product of the ethylene cracking unit,is urgently required to meet demands for modern petrochemical *** the other hand,condensed polynuclear aromatic resin of moderate condensation degree(b-COPNA)is a widely used carbon material due to its superb processability,the production of which is,however,seriously limited by the high cost of raw *** such context,an interesting strategy was proposed in this study for producing b-COPNA resin using crosslinked light fractions of ethylene tar(ETLF,boiling pointby molecular simulation.1,4-benzenedimethanol(PXG)was first selected as the crosslinking agent according to the findings of molecular *** effects of operating conditions,including reactions temperature,crosslinking agent,and catalyst content on the softening point and yield of b-COPNA resin products were then investigated to optimize the *** reaction mechanism of resin production was studied by analyzing the molecular structure and transition state of ETLF and crosslinking *** was shown that PXG exhibited a superior capacity of withdrawing electrons and a higher electrophilic reactivity than other crosslinking *** addition to the highest yield and greatest heat properties,PXG-prepared resin contained the most condensed *** corresponding optimized conditions of resin preparation were 180℃,1:1.9(PXG:ETLF),and 3%(mass)of catalyst content with a resin yield of 78.57%.It was the electrophilic substitution reaction that occurred between the ETLF and crosslinking agent molecules that were responsible for the resin formation,according to the experimental characterization and molecular ***,it was confirmed that the proposed strategy and demonstrated process can achieve a clean and high value-added utilization of ETLF via b-COPNA resin preparation,bringing huge economic value to the current petrochemical industry.

关键词： Ethylene tar Crosslinking COPNA resin Molecular simulation Transient state

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Hydrodynamic resistance of pore–throat structures and its effect on shale oil apparent permeability

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 101-110页

作者： Wendong Wang Qian Zhang Jilong xu Da Zheng Lifeng Liu yuliang Su Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Development Ministry of EducationQingdao 266580China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina PetroChina Oil Gas and New Energies CompanyBeijing 100083China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China

Oil transport is greatly affected by heterogeneous pore–throat structures present in *** is therefore very important to accurately characterize pore–throat ***,it remains unclear how pore–throat structures affect oil transport *** this paper,using finite element(FE)simulation and mathematical modeling,we calculated the hydrodynamic resistance for four pore–throat *** addition,the influence of pore throat structure on shale oil permeability is *** to the results,the hydrodynamic resistance of different pore throat structures can vary by 300%.The contribution of additional resistance caused by streamline bending is also in excess of 40%,even without slip ***-thermore,Pore–throat structures can affect apparent permeability by more than 60%on the REV scale,and this influence increases with heterogeneity of pore size distribution,organic matter content,and organic matter ***,modeling shale oil flow requires consideration of porous–throat structure and additional resistance,otherwise oil recovery and flow capacity may be overestimated.

关键词： Pore–throat structure Hydrodynamic resistance Apparent permeability REV-scale Shale oil

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Interpretability of Neural Networks based on Game-theoretic Interactions

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 718-739页

作者： Huilin Zhou Jie Ren Huiqi Deng xu Cheng Jinpeng Zhang Quanshi Zhang School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China XLAb The Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry CorporationBeijing 100854China

This paper introduces the system of game-theoretic interactions,which connects both the explanation of knowledge encoded in a deep neural networks(DNN)and the explanation of the representation power of a *** this system,we define two gametheoretic interaction indexes,namely the multi-order interaction and the multivariate *** crucially,we use these interaction indexes to explain feature representations encoded in a DNN from the following four aspects:(1)Quantifying knowledge concepts encoded by a DNN;(2)Exploring how a DNN encodes visual concepts,and extracting prototypical concepts encoded in the DNN;(3)Learning optimal baseline values for the Shapley value,and providing a unified perspective to compare fourteen different attribution methods;(4)Theoretically explaining the representation bottleneck of ***,we prove the relationship between the interaction encoded in a DNN and the representation power of a DNN(e.g.,generalization power,adversarial transferability,and adversarial robustness).In this way,game-theoretic interactions successfully bridge the gap between“the explanation of knowledge concepts encoded in a DNN”and"the explanation of the representation capacity of a DNN"as a unified explanation.

关键词： Model interpretability and transparency explainable AI game theory interaction deep learning.

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Alternative Splicing of OsCyL4 Controls Drought Resistance via Regulating Water Loss and Reactive Oxygen Species-Scavenging in Rice

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 1-5,I0001-I0008页

作者： SHA Gan SHEN Xin WU Zini xu Xiaocan xu Xin TAN yanping LIU Xinqiong TANG Xianyin WANG Chuntai QIN yonghua Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area College of Life SciencesSouth Central Minzu UniversityWuhan 430074China Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070China

A rice cyclase gene,OsCyL4b,identified as an alternative splice variant of the cyclase gene OsCyL4a,is involved in the regulation of drought stress and oxidative *** with OsCyL4a,OsCyL4b lacks the second exon,which is located in the conserved motif 3,and may be a functionally important *** results suggested that OsCyL4b was responsive to multiple abiotic stresses,and was localized to both the cytoplasm and plasma *** overexpression of OsCyL4b resulted in significantly enhanced drought and osmotic stress tolerance,reduced water loss,and increased abscisic acid(AbA)content compared with the wild type(WT).

关键词： drought Oxygen stress

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