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Macroscopic model and statistical model to characterize electromagnetic information of a digital coding metasurface

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National Science Review 2024年第03期11卷 159-171页

作者： Rui Wen Shao Jun Wei Wu Zheng Xing Wang Hui xu Han Qing Yang Qiang Cheng Tie Jun cui Institute of Electromagnetic Space Southeast University State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University Peng Cheng Laboratory Pazhou Laboratory(Huangpu)

A digital coding metasurface is a platform connecting the digital space and electromagnetic wave space, and has therefore gained much attention due to its intriguing value in reshaping wireless channels and realizing new communication architectures. Correspondingly, there is an urgent need for electromagnetic information theory that reveals the upper limit of communication capacity and supports the accurate design of metasurface-based communication systems. To this end, we propose a macroscopic model and a statistical model of the digital coding metasurface. The macroscopic model uniformly accommodates both digital and electromagnetic aspects of the meta-atoms and predicts all possible scattered fields of the digital coding metasurface based on a small number of simulations or measurements. Full-wave simulations and experimental results show that the macroscopic model is feasible and accurate. A statistical model is further proposed to correlate the mutual coupling between meta-atoms with covariance and to calculate the entropy of the equivalent currents of digital coding metasurface. These two models can help reconfigurable intelligent surfaces achieve more accurate beamforming and channel estimation, and thus improve signal power and coverage. Moreover, the models will encourage the creation of a precoding codebook in metasurface-based direct digital modulation systems, with the aim of approaching the upper limit of channel capacity. With these two models, the concepts of current space and current entropy, as well as the analysis of information loss from the coding space to wave space, is established for the first time, helping to bridge the gap between the digital world and the physical world, and advancing developments of electromagnetic information theory and new-architecture wireless systems.

关键词： electromagnetic information theory current entropy current space digital coding metasurface macroscopic model statistical model

Current and Potential Roles of Ferroptosis in Bladder Cancer

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Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 51-63页

作者： Wen-xin AN Radheshyam Gupta Kun ZHAI Ya-ru WANG Wan-hai xu Yan cui Department of Urology Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbin 150081China Department of Internal Medical Oncology Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbin 150081China

Ferroptosis,a type of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation,is mainly initiated by extramitochondrial lipid peroxidation due to the accumulation of iron-dependent reactive oxygen *** is a prevalent and primitive form of cell *** cellular metabolic processes regulate ferroptosis,including redox homeostasis,iron regulation,mitochondrial activity,amino acid metabolism,lipid metabolism,and various disease-related signaling *** plays a pivotal role in cancer therapy,particularly in the eradication of aggressive malignancies resistant to conventional *** studies have explored the connection between ferroptosis and bladder cancer,focusing on its incidence and treatment *** biomolecules and tumor-associated signaling pathways,such as p53,heat shock protein 1,nuclear receptor coactivator 4,RAS-RAF-MEK,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin,and the Hippo-tafazzin signaling system,exert a moderating influence on ferroptosis in bladder *** inducers,including erastin,artemisinin,conjugated polymer nanoparticles,and quinazolinyl-arylurea derivatives,hold promise for enhancing the effectiveness of conventional anticancer medications in bladder cancer *** conventional therapeutic drugs and treatment methods related to ferroptosis offers a promising approach for the treatment of bladder *** this review,we analyze the research on ferroptosis to augment the efficacy of bladder cancer treatment.

关键词： ferroptosis bladder cancer ferroptosis-associated tumor signaling pathway ferroptosis inducer

{1012}twin–twin intersection-induced lattice rotation and dynamic recrystallization in Mg–6Al–3Sn–2Zn alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1529-1539页

作者： Bin-Jiang Lv Sen Wang Fu-Hao Gao Ning cui Yi-Nan Li Tie-Wei xu Feng Guo School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of Technology266520China Key Lab of industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control Qingdao University of Technology266520China

This study investigated the formation mechanism of new grains due to twin–twin intersections in a coarse-grained Mg–6Al–3Sn–2Zn alloy during different strain rates of an isothermal *** results of electron backscattered diffraction investigations showed that the activated twins were primarily{1012}tension twins,and 60°boundaries formed due to twin–twin intersections under different strain *** twin variants with 60°boundaries transformed into new grains through lattice rotations at a low strain rate(0.01 s^(−1)).At a high strain rate(10 s^(−1)),the regions surrounded by subgrain boundaries through high-density dislocation arrangement and the 60°boundaries transformed into new grains via dynamic recrystallization.

关键词： Mg alloy Twin-twin intersection Lattice rotation Dynamic recrystallization

Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease:Updated examination of mechanisms,pathophysiology,treatment,and association with gastroesophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2209-2219页

作者： Na cui Ting Dai Yang Liu Ya-Yu Wang Jia-Yu Lin Qing-Fan Zheng dong-dong Zhu xue-Wei Zhu Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasound China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina

Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease(LPRD)is an inflammatory condition in the laryngopharynx and upper aerodigestive tract mucosa caused by reflux of stomach contents beyond the *** commonly presents with symptoms such as hoarseness,cough,sore throat,a feeling of throat obstruction,excessive throat *** complex condition is thought to involve both reflux and reflex mechanisms,but a clear understanding of its molecular mechanisms is still ***,there is no standardized diagnosis or treatment *** strategies for LPRD mainly include lifestyle modifications,proton pump inhibitors and endoscopic *** paper seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature regarding the mechanisms,pathophysiology and treatment of *** also provide an in-depth exploration of the association between LPRD and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

关键词： Laryngopharyngeal reflux Gastroesophageal reflux Head neck surgery Laryngitis Otolaryngology

Insights into the dwarfing mechanism of pear(Pyrus betulaefolia) based on anatomical and structural analysis using X-ray scanning

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 355-366页

作者： Lili dong Chuxuan Yang Jing Wang Jingjing Li Mei Zhao Dingli Li Zhiyun Qiu Chunhui Ma Zhenhua cui College of Horticulture Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266109China College of Landscape and Forestry Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266109China

The lack of a suitable rootstock to control scion growth has limited the development of high-density plantations in pear production, which is partly attributed to poor understanding of the dwarfing mechanism. In the present study, the rootstock of the dwarf-type pear (Pyrus betulaefolia)PY-9’ was identified and used as the material for anatomical ***-9’ grew to half the tree height of the normal cultivar Zhengdu’, along with fewer internodes and shorter length. Significant differences in growth rate betweenPY-9’ andZhengdu’ were detected at approximately 30 days after full bloom, which corresponded with the time of the greatest difference in water potential between the dwarf and normal ***-9’ showed a higher photosynthetic rate thanZhengdu’. Anatomical analysis showed thatPY-9’ had higher area ratios of both phloem and xylem and more developed vascular tissues thanZhengdu’. The three-dimensional reconstructed skeleton of the xylem from X-ray computed tomography scanning revealed greater intervessel connectivity inZhengdu’ than inPY-9’, which could contribute to the more vigorous growth ofZhengdu’. This study thus provides the first comparison of the microstructural properties of xylem elements between a dwarfing-type and vigorous-type pear rootstock, providing new insights into the dwarfing mechanism in pear and facilitating breeding of dwarf pear rootstocks to increase crop productivity.

关键词： Pyrus betulaefolia Anatomical analysis Dwarfing mechanism Intervessel connectivity Rootstock

Distribution and dynamics of niche and interspecific association of dominant phytoplankton species in the Feiyun River basin,Zhejiang,China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第4期42卷 1157-1172页

作者： Shengnan ZHU Zengchuan dong Guobin FU Shujun WU Jinyu MENG Weilin LIU Yupeng LIU xun cui Yuejiao ZHOU College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China CSIRO Environment Private Bag 5Wembley WA 6913Australia Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Indian River Research and Education CenterUniversity of FloridaFort Pierce 34945USA Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Water Environment Nanchang Institute of TechnologyNanchang 330099China

To investigate the dominant species and interspecific association in the phytoplankton community of the Feiyun River basin in Zhejiang Province,East China,the main stream and the Shanxi Zhaoshandu Reservoir in the downstream were chosen as the study area,for which 22 sampling sites were *** was conducted in September 2021,January,May,and July *** species were identified from both quantitative samples and in-vivo *** was quantified by direct *** show that there were 98 species belonging to 6 phyla and 78 *** addition,to clarify the niches of the dominant phytoplankton species and their interspecific association,the dominance index was calculated,and a comprehensive analysis was conducted including niche width,niche overlap value,ecological response rate,overall association,chi-square test,and the *** phytoplankton community exhibited characteristics of a Cyanobacteria-Chlorophyta-Diatom type community,showing higher diversity in spring and lower diversity in *** 11 dominants phytoplankton species from 3 phyla,both frequency and dominance degree varied seasonally,of which Microcystis *** the dominant species in Spring,Autumn,and *** niche widths of the dominant species ranged from 0.234 to 0.933,and were categorized into three *** niche overlap values of the 11 dominant species ranged from 0.359 to 0.959,exhibiting significant seasonal differences-highest in winter followed by autumn,spring,and summer in *** overall correlation among dominant species in all four seasons revealed a non-significant negative association,resulting in an unstable community structure.A significant portion(84.2%)of species pairs displayed positive associations,suggesting a successional pattern where Diatoms dominated while other dominant species shared resources and *** this pattern,stability measurements indicated that the dominant species community remained unstable.T

关键词： phytoplankton dominant species niche interspecific association Feiyun River basin

Additive-free synthesis of β-keto phosphorodithioates via geminal hydro-phosphorodithiolation of sulfoxonium ylides with P_(4)S_(10)and alcohols

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 165-168页

作者： Jindong Hao Yufen Lv Shuyue Tian Chao Ma Wenxiu cui Huilan Yue Wei Wei dong Yi Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165China Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyXining 810008China Green Pharmaceutical Technology Key Laboratory of Luzhou City School of PharmacySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000China

A simple and additive-free protocol has been developed for the preparation ofβ-keto phosphorodithioates through the three-component reaction of easily available sulfoxonium ylides,P_(4)S_(10),and *** present geminal hydro-phosphorodithiolation reaction was performed at room temperature to construct a series ofβ-keto phosphorodithioates in the absence of any metal reagents,bases,or additives.

关键词： β-Keto phosphorodithioates Phosphorodithiolation Sulfoxonium ylides P_(4)S_(10) Alcohols

Decoding the inconsistency of six cropland maps in China

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 281-294页

作者： Yifeng cui Ronggao Liu Zhichao Li Chao Zhang Xiao-Peng Song Jilin Yang Le Yu Mengxi Chen Jinwei dong Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA College of Grassland Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Ministry of Education Ecological Field Station for East Asian Migratory Birds Department of Earth System ScienceInstitute for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Ministry of Education Ecological Field Station for East Asian Migratory Birds Beijing 100084China Tsinghua University(Department of Earth System Science)-Xi’an Institute of Surveying and Mapping Joint Research Center for Next-Generation Smart Mapping Beijing 100084China Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCV6T 1Z4Canada

Accurate cropland information is critical for agricultural planning and production,especially in foodstressed countries like *** widely used medium-to-high-resolution satellite-based cropland maps have been developed from various remotely sensed data sources over the past few decades,considerable discrepancies exist among these products both in total area and in spatial distribution of croplands,impeding further applications of these *** factors influencing their inconsistency are also *** this study,we evaluated the consistency and accuracy of six cropland maps widely used in China in circa 2020,including three state-of-the-art 10-m products(i.e.,Google Dynamic World,ESRI Land Cover,and ESA WorldCover)and three 30-m ones(i.e.,GLC_FCS30,GlobeLand 30,and CLCD).We also investigated the effects of landscape fragmentation,climate,and agricultural *** using a ground-truth sample revealed that the 10-m-resolution WorldCover provided the highest accuracy(92.3%).These maps collectively overestimated Chinese cropland area by up to 56%.Up to 37%of the land showed spatial inconsistency among the maps,concentrated mainly in mountainous regions and attributed to the varying accuracy of cropland maps,cropland fragmentation and management practices such as *** work shed light on the promotion of future cropland mapping efforts,especially in highly inconsistent regions.

关键词： Consistency and accuracy 10-and 30 m Cropland mapping Agricultural management China

A review on numerical studies of airflow dynamics and particle deposition in human respiratory system Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 351-377页

作者： Hao Jing Xinguang cui School of Aerospace Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Accurate assessment and prediction of airflow dynamics and particle deposition in the human respiratory tract are essential for human health,involving inhaled drugs for treating various diseases and toxic particles that can cause *** intricate process involves complex multiphase flow with distinct respiratory *** fluid dynamics(CFD)acts as a bridge,overcoming the limitations of in vivo and in vitro experiments and providing a means to fully comprehend and reveal the fundamental mechanisms of respiratory flow and particle behavior on a microscopic *** paper provides a comprehensive overview and concise summary of recent advancements in the numerical simulation of airflow and particle deposition in the human respiratory ***,it summarizes the transition of respiratory tract models from segmented models to emerging physiological characteristic models and whole-lung airway models,and the latest developments on the effects of key factors such as geometric variations,respiratory patterns,and particle physical/chemical properties on respiratory flow and particle deposition.A notable focus of this review is on emerging physiological characteristics models and their associated complex airflow and particle dynamics inside *** paper concludes with recommendations for future research to further advance the development of this field.

关键词： Airflow dynamics Particle deposition Human respiratory system Numerical modeling