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The energy response of LaBr_(3)(Ce),LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr),and NaI(Tl)crystals for GECAM

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 110-122页

作者： Pei-Yi Feng Xi-Lei Sun Zheng-Hua An Yong Deng Cheng-Er Wang Huang Jiang Jun-Jie li Da-li Zhang xin-qiao li Shao-lin Xiong Chao Zheng Ke Gong Sheng Yang Xiao-Jing liu Min Gao Xiang-Yang Wen Ya-Qing liu Yan-Bing Xu Xiao-Yun Zhao Jia-Cong liu Fan Zhang Hong Lu Particle and Astrophysics Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Experimental Physics Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Grirem Advanced Materials Co.Ltd.and General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing 100088China

The GECAM series of satellites utilizes LaBr_(3)(Ce),LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr),and NaI(Tl)crystals as sensitive materials for gamma-ray detectors(GRDs).To investigate the nonlinearity in the detection of low-energy gamma rays and address the errors in the calibration of the E-C relationship,comprehensive tests and comparative studies of the three aforementioned crystals were conducted using Compton electrons,radioactive sources,and mono-energetic *** nonlinearity test results of the Compton electrons and X-rays demonstrated substantial differences,with all three crystals presenting a higher nonlinearity for X/-rays than for Compton *** the LaBr_(3)(Ce)and LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr)crystals having higher absolute light yields,they exhibited a noticeable nonlinear decrease in the light yield,especially at energies below 400 *** NaI(Tl)crystal demonstrated an"excess"light output in the 6-200 keV range,reaching a maximum"excess"of 9.2%at 30 keV in the X-ray testing and up to 15.5%at 14 keV during Compton electron testing,indicating a significant advantage in the detection of low-energy gamma ***,we explored the underlying causes of the observed nonlinearity in these *** study not only elucidates the detector responses of GECAM,but also initiates a comprehensive investigation of the nonlinearity of domestically produced lanthanum bromide and sodium iodide crystals.

关键词： LaBr_(3)(Ce)detector LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr)detector NaI(Tl)detector GECAM Energy response light yield nonlinearity

Observation of spectral lines in the exceptional GRB 221009A

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 187-206页

作者： Yan-Qiu Zhang Shao-lin Xiong Ji-Rong Mao Shuang-Nan Zhang Wang-Chen Xue Chao Zheng Jia-Cong liu Zhen Zhang Xi-Lu Wang Ming-Yu Ge Shu-Xu Yi li-Ming Song Zheng-Hua An Ce Cai xin-qiao li Wen-Xi Peng Wen-Jun Tan Chen-Wei Wang Xiang-Yang Wen Yue Wang Shuo Xiao Fan Zhang Peng Zhang Shi-Jie Zheng Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650011China Center for Astronomical Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China College of Physics and Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

As the brightest gamma-ray burst ever observed,GRB 221009A provided a precious opportunity to explore spectral line *** this article,we performed a comprehensive spectroscopy analysis of GRB 221009A jointly with GECAM-C and Fermi/GBM data to search for emission and absorption *** the first time we investigated the line feature throughout this GRB including the most bright part where many instruments suffered problems,and identified prominent emission lines in multiple time *** central energy of the Gaussian emission line evolves from about 37 to 6 MeV,with a nearly constant ratio(about 10%)between the line width and central ***,we find that both the central energy and the energy flux of the emission line evolve with time as a power law decay with power law index of–1 and–2,*** suggest that the observed emission lines most likely origin from the blue-shifted electron positron pair annihilation 511 ke V *** find that a standard high latitude emission scenario cannot fully interpret the observation,thus we propose that the emission line comes from some dense clumps with electron positron pairs traveling together with the *** this scenario,we can use the emission line to directly,for the first time,measure the bulk Lorentz factor of the jet(Γ)and reveal its time evolution(i.e.,Γ~t^(-1))during the prompt ***,we find that the flux of the annihilation line in the co-moving frame keeps *** discoveries of the spectral line features shed new and important lights on the physics of GRB and relativistic jet.

关键词： GRB GRB 221009A emission line

Proton loss of inner radiation belt during geomagnetic storm of 2018 based on CSES satellite observation

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第12期30卷 664-670页

作者： Zhen-Xia Zhang Xu-Hui Shen xin-qiao li Yong-Fu Wang National Institute of Natural Hazards MEMCBeijing 100085China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The proton distribution in inner radiation belt is often affected by strong geomagnetic storm *** on the data of the sun-synchronous CSES satellite,which carries with several high energy particle payloads and was launched in February 2018,we analyzed the extensive proton variations in the inner radiation belt in a wide energy range of 2 MeV-220 MeV during 2018 major geomagnetic *** result indicates that the loss mechanism of protons was energy dependence which is consistent with some previous *** protons at low energy 2 MeV-20 MeV,the fluxes were decreased during main phase of the storm and did not come back quickly during the recovery phase,which is likely to be caused by Coulomb collision due to neutral atmosphere density *** higher energy 30 MeV-100 MeV,it was confirmed that the magnetic field line curvature scattering plays a significant role in the proton loss phenomenon during this *** highest energies>100 MeV,the fluxes of protons kept a stable level and did not exhibit a significant loss during this storm.

关键词： proton loss the inner radiation belt CSES satellite field line curvature scattering

Integrated Frequency-constrained Scheduling Considering Coordination of Frequency Regulation Capabilities from Multi-source Converters

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 261-274页

作者： Jiaming li Ying qiao Zongxiang Lu Wei Ma xin Cao Rongfu Sun the Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China the China Suntien Green Energy limited Company Shijiazhuang 050011China the State Grid Jibei Electric Power Company Beijing 100054China

As the proportion of renewable energy(RE)increases,the inertia and the primary frequency regulation(FR)capability of the power system ***,ensuring frequency security in the scheduling model has become a new technical requirement in power systems with a high share of *** to a shortage of conventional synchronous generators,the frequency support of multi-source converters has become an indispensable part of the system frequency resources,especially variable-speed wind turbine generation(WTG)and battery energy storage(BES).Quantitative expression of the FR capability of multi-source converters is necessary to construct frequency-constrained scheduling ***,the frequency support performance of these converter-interfaced devices is related to their working states,operation modes,and parameters,and the complex coupling of these factors has not been fully exploited in existing *** this study,we propose an integrated frequency-constrained scheduling model considering the coordination of FR capabilities from multi-source *** FR control strategies and variable FR parameters for WTG with or without reserved power are modeled,and multi-target allocation of BES capacity between tracking dispatch instruction and emergency FR is ***,the variable FR capabilities of WTG and BES are embedded into the integrated frequency-constrained scheduling *** nonlinear constraints for frequency security are precisely linearized through an improved iteration-based *** effectiveness of the proposed model is verified in a modified IEEE 24-bus standard *** results suggest that the coordinated participation of BES and WTG in FR can effectively reduce the cost of the scheduling model while meeting frequency security constraints.

关键词： Battery energy storage(BES) wind turbine generation(WTG) frequency regulation(FR) frequency security power system scheduling

Non-transcriptional regulatory activity of SMAX1 and SMXL2 mediates karrikin-regulated seedling response to red light in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1054-1072页

作者： Wenwen Chang qiao qiao Qingtian li xin li Yanyan li Xiahe Huang Yingchun Wang Jiayang li Bing Wang Lei Wang Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation Center for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuangHebei050021China Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Yazhouwan National Laboratory SanyaHainan 572024China

Karrikins and strigolactones govern plant development and environmental responses through closely related signaling *** transcriptional repressor proteins SUPPRESSOR OF MAX21(SMAX1),SMAX1-like2(SMXL2),and D53-like SMXLs mediate karrikin and strigolactone signaling by directly binding downstream genes or byinhibiting the activities of transcription *** this study,we characterized the non-transcriptional regulatory activities of SMXL proteins in *** discovered that SMAX1 and SMXL2 with mutations in their ethylene-responsefactor-associated amphiphilic repression(EAR)motif had undetectable or weak transcriptional repression activities but still partially rescued the hypocotyl elongation defects and fully reversed the cotyledon epinasty defects of the smax1 smxl2 ***1 and SMXL2 directly interact with PHYTOCHROME INTERACTION FACTOR4(PIF4)and PIF5 to enhance their protein stability by interacting with phytochrome B(phyB)and suppressing the association of phyB with PIF4 and *** karrikin-responsive genes were then identified by treatment with GR24ent-ssa,GR24 analog showing karrikin ***,INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 29(IAA29)expression was repressed by GR24^(ent-5D)streatment in a PIF4-and PIF5-dependent and EARindependent manner,whereas KARRIKIN UPREGULATED F-BOX 1(KUF1)expression was induced in a PIF4-and PIF5-independent and EAR-dependent ***,the non-transcriptional regulatory activity of SMAX1,which is independent of the EAR motif,had a global effect on gene *** together,these results indicate that non-transcriptional regulatory activities of SMAX1 and SMXL2 mediate karrikin-regulated seedling response to red light.

关键词： karrikin signaling SMAX1 and SMXL2 non-transcriptional repression activity PIF4 and PIF5 gene expression red light

Numerical simulation of chorus-driving acceleration of relativistic electrons at extremely low L-shell during geomagnetic storms

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第10期30卷 711-718页

作者： Zhen-Xia Zhang Ruo-Xian Zhou Man Hua xin-qiao li Bin-Bin Ni Ju-Tao Yang National Institute of Natural Hazards MEMCBeijing 100085China Department of Space Physics School of Electronic InformationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment China Research Institute of Radiowave PropagationQingdao 266107China

During 2018 major geomagnetic storm,relativistic electron enhancements in extremely low L-shell regions(reaching L∼3)have been reported based on observations of ZH-1 and Van Allen probes satellites,and the storm is highly likely to be accelerated by strong whistler-mode waves occurring near very low L-shell regions where the plasmapause was *** is very interesting to observe the intense chorus-accelerated electrons locating in such low L-shells and filling into the slot *** this paper,we further perform numerical simulation by solving the two-dimensional Fokker-Planck equation based on the bounce-averaged diffusion *** results demonstrate the evolution processes of the chorus-driven electron flux and confirm the flux enhancement in low pitch angle ranges(20◦-50◦)after the wave-particle interaction for tens of *** simulation result is consistent with the observation of potential butterfly pitch angle distributions of relativistic electrons from both ZH-1 and Van Allen probes.

关键词： chorus acceleration extremely low L-shell numerical simulation ZH-1 satellite Van Allen probes

The size effect and analogous boundary states in a circular non-Hermitian chain

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 157-165页

作者： xin-Yu Ma Yi-Han Guan qiao-Nan li Ai-Lei He Lu Qi School of Physical Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002China

We investigate the size effect and boundary states based on a circular non-Hermitian chain under the nonreciprocal intra-cell coupling and inter-cell coupling *** find that the circular non-Hermitian chain exhibits an even–odd effect on the unit cell corresponding to a large chain,which is different from the open non-Hermitian chain only exhibiting the same effect for a small ***,we find that the originally localized bulk states become totally extended via designing the boundary coupling strength *** extended bulk states reveal the fact of the disappearance of the non-Hermitian skin *** particular,we show that the circular non-Hermitian chain also possesses the analogous edge states under some parameter regimes,which is pretty counterintuitive since the circular chain usually cannot define a *** investigations supply the different non-Hermitian phenomena in a circular non-Hermitian chain.

关键词： boundary states non-Hermitian chain topological state

Adolescent suicide risk factors and the integration of socialemotional skills in school-based prevention programs

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 494-506页

作者： xin-qiao liu xin Wang School of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Adolescents are considered one of the most vulnerable groups affected by *** changes in adolescents’physical and mental states,as well as in their lives,significantly and undeniably increase the risk of ***,social,family,individual,and environmental factors are important risk factors for suicidal behavior among teenagers and may contribute to suicide risk through various direct,indirect,or combined ***-emotional learning is considered a powerful intervention measure for addressing the crisis of adolescent *** deliberately cultivated,fostered,and enhanced,selfawareness,self-management,social awareness,interpersonal skills,and responsible decision-making,as the five core competencies of social-emotional learning,can be used to effectively target various risk factors for adolescent suicide and provide necessary mental and interpersonal *** numerous suicide intervention methods,school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence have shown great potential in preventing and addressing suicide risk factors in *** characteristics of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence,including their appropriateness,necessity,cost-effectiveness,comprehensiveness,and effectiveness,make these interventions an important means of addressing the crisis of adolescent *** further determine the potential of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence and better address the issue of adolescent suicide,additional financial support should be provided,the combination of socialemotional learning and other suicide prevention programs within schools should be fully leveraged,and cooperation between schools and families,society,and other environments should be *** efforts should be considered future research directions.

关键词： Adolescent suicide Risk factors Social-emotional skills Social and emotional learning School Prevention

Unlocking the power of physical activity in easing psychological distress

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 1-7页

作者： xin-qiao liu xin Wang School of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

The severity of the current global mental health situation and the importance of maintaining psychological well-being call for more powerful,convenient,and efficient solutions for addressing psychological issues and relieving mental *** activity not only effectively improves physical fitness and reduces negative emotions such as anxiety and depression but also increases the improvement of psychological health and sense of *** the same time,physical activity interventions for mental health have unique advantages,including reducing the side effects of psychological interventions and increasing necessity,convenience,and cost-effectiveness,as well as flexible adaptability across multiple methods,groups,and age ranges,providing stronger support for relieving psychological stress and addressing psychological *** physical activity is an important intervention measure in relieving psychological stress,its value and role in mental health care seem to have not yet received sufficient attention,and its potential remains to be further *** the significant advantages and effectiveness of physical activity in mental health intervention practices,it is necessary to stimulate its potential in relieving psychological stress through various means in future studies to better safeguard the public’s physical and mental *** guidelines for physical activity for improved mental health,enhancing organic integration with other intervention measures,and providing necessary respect,encouragement,and support are important directions to consider.

关键词： Physical activity Psychological distress Mental health Artificial intelligence Guidance