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Real-time in-situ monitoring of chiral changes during a reaction at single-molecule level

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 422-423页

作者： Min Tan dong xiang Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyNankai UniversityTianjin300350China School of Materials Science and Engineering Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science CenterNankai UniversityTianjin300350China TongLu FeiRan Garment–Nankai University Joint Laboratory Nankai UniversityTianjin300350China

Molecular chirality is a widespread phenomenon in nature,playing a critical role in various fields such as chemistry [1],life sciences [2], and materials science [3], and has therefore attracted significant attention and research by scholars [4–6].However, the chirality in chemical reactions is often dynamic, making real-time monitoring of chiral changes during chemical reactions at the single-molecule level extremely challenging.

关键词： chiral chirality critical

Fabrication of micro-nano patterned materials mimicking the topological structure of extracellular matrix for biomedical applications

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4244-4258页

作者： Yifeng Nie dong Han xiang Li CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

With the advent of tissue engineering and biomedicine,the creation of extracellular matrix(ECM)biomaterials for in vitro applications has become a prominent and promising strategy.These ECM materials provide physical,biochemical,and mechanical properties that guide cellular behaviors,such as proliferation,differentiation,migration,and apoptosis.Because micro-and nano-patterned materials have a unique surface topology and low energy replication process that directly affect cellular biological behaviors at the interface,the fabrication of micro-nano pattern biomaterials and the regulation of surface physical and chemical properties are of great significance in the fields of cell regulation,tissue engineering,and regenerative medicine.Herein,we provide a comprehensive review of the progress in the fabrication and application of patterned materials based on the coupling of mechanical action at the micro-and nano-meter scale,including photolithography,micro-contact printing,electron beam lithography,electrospinning,and 3D printing technology.Furthermore,a summary of the fabrication process,underlying principles,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various technologies are reviewed.We also discuss the influence of material properties on the fabrication of micro-and nano-patterns.

关键词： micro/nano hybrid materials patterning fabrication techniques extracellular matrix substrate-cell interaction biomedical engineering

Angiosperm-wide analysis of fruit and ovary evolution aided by a new nuclear phylogeny supports association of the same ovary type with both dry and fleshy fruits

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 228-251页

作者： Yezi xiang Taikui Zhang Yiyong Zhao Hongjin dong Hongyi Chen Yi Hu Chien-Hsun Huang Jun xiang Hong Ma State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of Plant BiologyCenter of Evolutionary BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Department of Biology Howard Hughes Medical InstituteDuke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Biology the Eberly College of Scienceand the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciencesthe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization College of Biology and Agricultural ResourcesHuanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China

Fruit functions in seed protection and dispersal and belongs to many dry and fleshy types,yet their evolutionary pattern remains unclear in part due to uncertainties in the phylogenetic relationships among several orders and families.Thus we used nuclear genes of 502 angiosperm species representing 231 families to reconstruct a well supported phylogeny,with resolved relationships for orders and families with previously uncertain placements.Using this phylogeny as a framework,molecular dating supports a Triassic origin of the crown angiosperms,followed by the emergence of most orders in the Jurassic and Cretaceous and their rise to ecological dominance during the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution.The robust phylogeny allowed an examination of the evolutionary pattern of fruit and ovary types,revealing a trend of parallel carpel fusions during early diversifications in eudicots,monocots,and magnoliids.Moreover,taxa in the same order or family with the same ovary type can develop either dry or fleshy fruits with strong correlations between specific types of dry and fleshy fruits;such associations of ovary,dry and fleshy fruits define several ovaryfruit"modules"each found in multiple families.One of the frequent modules has an ovary containing multiple ovules,capsules and berries,and another with an ovary having one or two ovules,achenes(or other single-seeded dry fruits)and drupes.This new perspective of relationships among fruit types highlights the closeness of specific dry and fleshy fruit types,such as capsule and berry,that develop from the same ovary type and belong to the same module relative to dry and fleshy fruits of other modules(such as achenes and drupes).Further analyses of gene families containing known genes for ovary and fruit development identified phylogenetic nodes with multiple gene duplications,supporting a possible role of whole-genome duplications,in combination with climate changes and animal behaviors,in angiosperm fruit and ovary diversification.

关键词： angiosperm fruit evolution MADS-box molecular clock nuclear phylogeny ovary and fruit developmental genes

Learning the imaging mechanism directly from optical microscopy observations

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 7-26页

作者： ZE-HAO WANG LONG-kun SHAN TONG-TIAN WENG TIAN-LONG CHEN xiang-dong CHEN ZHANG-YANG WANG GUANG-CAN GUO FANG-WEN SUN CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China University of Texas at Austin AustinTexas 78705USA Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

The optical microscopy image plays an important role in scientific research through the direct visualization of the nanoworld,where the imaging mechanism is described as the convolution of the point spread function(PSF)and emitters.Based on a priori knowledge of the PSF or equivalent PSF,it is possible to achieve more precise exploration of the nanoworld.However,it is an outstanding challenge to directly extract the PSF from microscopy images.Here,with the help of self-supervised learning,we propose a physics-informed masked autoencoder(PiMAE)that enables a learnable estimation of the PSF and emitters directly from the raw microscopy images.We demonstrate our method in synthetic data and real-world experiments with significant accuracy and noise robustness.PiMAE outperforms DeepSTORM and the Richardson–Lucy algorithm in synthetic data tasks with an average improvement of 19.6%and 50.7%(35 tasks),respectively,as measured by the normalized root mean square error(NRMSE)metric.This is achieved without prior knowledge of the PSF,in contrast to the supervised approach used by DeepSTORM and the known PSF assumption in the Richardson–Lucy algorithm.Our method,PiMAE,provides a feasible scheme for achieving the hidden imaging mechanism in optical microscopy and has the potential to learn hidden mechanisms in many more systems.

关键词： optical emitter mechanism

Macrocyclic peptides:up-and-coming weapons to combat antimicrobial resistance

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1786-1787页

作者： Wen-Jing Wang xiang-Min dong Guo-Bo L Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education Department of Medicinal ChemistryWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina

Recently,two companion papers published in Nature reported a first-in-class tethered macrocyclic peptide antibiotic targeting carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii(CRAB)and unveiled their unique antibacterial mechanism,whi... 详细信息

关键词： outer macrocyclic Macrocyclic

ResNeSt-biGRU: An Intrusion Detection Model Based on Internet of Things

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1005-1023页

作者： Yan xiang Daofeng Li Xinyi Meng Chengfeng dong Guanglin Qin School of Computer and Electronics Information Guangxi UniversityNanning530004China Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Information Processing Guangxi UniversityNanning530004China

The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) devices across various sectors is driven by steadily increasingdemands for interconnected and smart technologies. Nevertheless, the surge in the number of IoT device hascaught the attention of cyber hackers, as it provides them with expanded avenues to access valuable data. Thishas resulted in a myriad of security challenges, including information leakage, malware propagation, and financialloss, among others. Consequently, developing an intrusion detection system to identify both active and potentialintrusion traffic in IoT networks is of paramount importance. In this paper, we propose ResNeSt-biGRU, a practicalintrusion detection model that combines the strengths of ResNeSt, a variant of Residual Neural Network, andbidirectionalGated RecurrentUnitNetwork (biGRU).Our ResNeSt-biGRUframework diverges fromconventionalintrusion detection systems (IDS) by employing this dual-layeredmechanism that exploits the temporal continuityand spatial feature within network data streams, a methodological innovation that enhances detection accuracy.In conjunction with this, we introduce the PreIoT dataset, a compilation of prevalent IoT network behaviors, totrain and evaluate IDSmodels with a focus on identifying potential intrusion traffics. The effectiveness of proposedscheme is demonstrated through testing, wherein it achieved an average accuracy of 99.90% on theN-BaIoT datasetas well as on the PreIoT dataset and 94.45% on UNSW-NB15 dataset. The outcomes of this research reveal thepotential of ResNeSt-biGRU to bolster security measures, diminish intrusion-related vulnerabilities, and preservethe overall security of IoT ecosystems.

关键词： Internet of Things cyberattack intrusion detection internet security

Clinical practice of sepsis-induced immunosuppression:Current immunotherapy and future options

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第2期27卷 63-70页

作者： Fei Pei Bin Gu Shu-Min Miao xiang-dong Guan Jian-Feng Wu Department of Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China Guangdong Clinical Research Center for Critical Care Medicine Guangzhou510080China

Sepsis is a potentially fatal condition characterized by the failure of one or more organs due to a disordered host response to infection.The development of sepsis is closely linked to immune dysfunction.As a result,immunotherapy has gained traction as a promising approach to sepsis treatment,as it holds the potential to reverse immunosuppression and restore immune balance,thereby improving the prognosis of septic patients.However,due to the highly heterogeneous nature of sepsis,it is crucial to carefully select the appropriate patient population for immunotherapy.This review summarizes the current and evolved treatments for sepsis-induced immunosuppression to enhance clinicians'understanding and practical application of immunotherapy in the management of sepsis.

关键词： Sepsis Sepsis-induced immunosuppression Immunotherapy Enrichment Classifier

Alternative relay regulates the adenosine triphosphatase activity of Locusta migratoria striated muscle myosin

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 435-447页

作者： Jie Hao Chang Liu Ning Zhang Jing Li Tong Ni Mingbo Qu xiang-dong Li State Key Laboratory oflntegrated Management of lnsect Pests and Rodents Insttute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BejingChina School of Bioengeering Dalian University of TechnologyDalianChina

Locust(Locusta migratoria)has a single striated muscle myosin heavy chain(Mhc)gene,which contains 5 clusters of alternative exclusive exons and 1 differently included penultimate exon.The alternative exons of Mhc gene encode 4 distinct regions in the myosin motor domain,that is,the N-terminal SH3-like domain,one lip of the nucleotide-binding pocket,the relay,and the converter.Here,we investigated the role of the alternative regions on the motor function of locust muscle myosin.Using Sf9-baculovirus protein expression system,we expressed and purified 5 isoforms of the locust muscle myosin heavy meromyosin(HMM),including the major isoform in the thorax dorsal longitudinal flight muscle(FL1)and 4 isoforms expressed in the abdominal intersegmental muscle(AB1 to AB4).Among these 5 HMMs,FL1-HMM displayed the highest level of actin-activated adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase)activity(hereafter referred as ATPase activity).To identify the alternative region(s)responsible for the elevated ATPase activity of FL1-HMM,we produced a number of chimeras of FL1-HMM and AB4-HMM.Substitution with the relay of AB4-HMM(encoded by exon-14c)substantially decreased the ATPase activity of FL1-HMM,and conversely,the relay of FL1-HMM(encoded by exon-14a)enhanced the ATPase activity of AB4-HMM.Mutagenesis showed that the exon-14a-encoded residues Gly474 and Asn509 are responsible for the elevated ATPase activity of FL1-HMM.Those results indicate that the alternative relay encoded by exon-14a/c play a key role in regulating the ATPase activity of FL1-HMM and AB4-HMM.

关键词： alternative splicing ATPase Locusta migratoria molecular motor muscle myosin

Haploinsufficiency of Lipin3 leads to hypertriglyceridemia and obesity by disrupting the expression and nucleocytoplasmic localization of Lipin1

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 180-191页

作者： Fang Wang Yuxing Liu Yi dong Meifang Zhao Hao Huang Jieyuan Jin Liangliang Fan Rong xiang Department of Endocrinology The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha410013China Department of Cellular Biology School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Pediatric Rare DiseasesMinistry of EducationCentral South UniversityChangsha410013China

Lipin proteins including Lipin 1–3 act as transcriptional co-activators and phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase enzymes,which play crucial roles in lipid metabolism.However,little is known about the function of Lipin3 in triglyceride(TG)metabolism.Here,we identified a novel mutation(NM_001301860:p.1835A>T/p.D612V)of Lipin3 in a large family with hypertriglyceridemia(HTG)and obesity through whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing.Functional studies revealed that the novel variant altered the half-life and stability of the Lipin3 protein.Hence,we generated Lipin3 heterozygous knockout(Lipin3-heKO)mice and cultured primary hepatocytes to explore the pathophysiological roles of Lipin3 in TG metabolism.We found that Lipin3-heKO mice exhibited obvious obesity,HTG,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disorder.Mechanistic study demonstrated that the haploinsufficiency of Lipin3 in primary hepatocytes may induce the overexpression and abnormal distribution of Lipin1 in cytosol and nucleoplasm.The increased expression of Lipin1 in cytosol may contribute to TG anabolism,and the decreased Lipin1 in nucleoplasm can reduce PGC1α,further leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced TG catabolism.Our study suggested that Lipin3 was a novel disease-causing gene inducing obesity and HTG.We also established a relationship between Lipin3 and mitochondrial dysfunction.

关键词： Lipin3 Lipin1 hypertriglyceridemia obesity mitochondrial dysfunction