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enslaved Phase-Separation Fronts and Liesegang Pattern Formation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第5期9卷 1081-1093页

作者： e.m.Foard A.j.Wagner Department of Physics North Dakota State UniversityFargoND 58105USA

We show that an enslaved phase-separation front moving with diffusive speeds U=C/√T can leave alternating domains of increasing size in their *** find the size and spacing of these domains is identical to Liesegang *** equal composition of the components we are able to predict the exact form of the pattern *** our knowledge this is the first fully analytical derivation of the Liesegang *** also show that there is a critical value for C below which only two domains are *** analytical predictions are verified by numerical simulations using a lattice Boltzmann method.

关键词： Liesegang phase separation front reaction diffusion pattern formation lattice Boltzmann matalon-Packter

Synchronization criteria for coupled Hopfield neural networks with time-varying delays

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Chinese Physics B 2011年第11期20卷 140-150页

作者： m.j.Park O.m.Kwon ju H.Park S.m.Lee e.j.Cha School of electrical engineering Chungbuk National University Department of electrical engineering Yeungnam University School of electronic engineering Daegu University Department of Biomedical engineering School of MedicineChungbuk National University

This paper proposes new delay-dependent synchronization criteria for coupled Hopfield neural networks with time-varying delays. By construction of a suitable Lyapunov Krasovskii＇s functional and use of Finsler＇s lemma, novel synchronization criteria for the networks are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities （LmIs） which can be easily solved by various effective optimization algorithms. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

关键词： Hopfield neural networks coupling delay synchronization Lyapunov method

Leader-following consensus criteria for multi-agent systems with time-varying delays and switching interconnection topologies

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第11期21卷 144-153页

We consider multi-agent systems with time-varying delays and switching interconnection topologies. By con- structing a suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and using the reciprocally convex approach, new delay-dependent consensus criteria for the systems are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities （LmIs）, which can be easily solved by using various effective optimization algorithms. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

关键词： consensus multi-agent systems time delay Lyapunov method

Potential Contribution of Combined Atmospheric Ca^(2+) and mg^(2+) Wet Deposition Within the Continental U.S. to Soil Inorganic Carbon Sequestration

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Pedosphere 2013年第6期23卷 808-814页

作者： e.A.mIKHAILOVA m.A.GODDARD C.j.POST m.A.SCHLAUTmAN j.m.GALBRAITH School of Agricultural Forestand Environmental SciencesClemson University Department of environmental engineering and earth Sciences Clemson University Department of Crop and Soil environmental Sciences Virginia Tech

Soil inorganic carbon （SIC） stocks continuously change from the formation of pedogenic carbonates, a process requiring inputs of Ca2＋ and mg2＋ ions. This study ranked the soil orders in terms of potential inorganic carbon sequestration resulting from wet Ca2＋ and mg2＋ deposition from 1994 to 2003 within the continental United States. The analysis revealed that average annual atmospheric wet deposition of Ca2＋ and mg2＋ was the highest in the Central midwest-Great Plains region, likely due to soil particle input from loess-derived soils. The soil orders receiving the highest total average annual atmospheric wet Ca2＋ and mg2＋ deposition, expressed as potential inorganic carbon formation （barring losses from erosion and leaching）, were： 1） mollisols （1.1 × 10^8 kg C）, 2） Alfisols （8.4 × 10^7 kg C）, 3） entisols （3.8 × 10^7 kg C）, and 4） Aridisols （2.8 × 10^7 kg C）. In terms of area-normalized result, the soil orders were ranked： 1） Histosols （73 kg C km-2）, 2） Alfisols and Vertisols （64 kg C km-2）, 3） mollisols （62 kg C km-2）, and 4） Spodosols （52 kg C kin-2）. The results of this study provide an estimate of potential soil inorganic carbon sequestration as a result of atmospheric wet Ca2＋ and mg2＋ deposition, and this information may be useful in assessing dynamic nature of soil inorganic carbon pools.

关键词： calcite carbon cycle dolomite pedogenic

Acute phase reaction and acute phase proteins

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journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第11期6卷 1045-1056页

作者： GRUYS e. TOUSSAINT m.j.m. NIeWOLD T.A. KOOPmANS S.j. Department of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the NetherlandsDepartment of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht the NetherlandsAnimal Sciences Group Wageningen University Research Lelystad the NetherlandsAnimal Sciences Group Wageningen University Research Lelystad the Netherlands

A review of the systemic acute phase reaction with major cytokines involved, and the hepatic metabolic changes, negative and positive acute phase proteins (APPs) with function and associated pathology is given. It appears that APPs represent appropriate analytes for assessment of animal health. Whereas they represent non-specific markers as biological effect reactants, they can be used for assessing nutritional deficits and reactive processes, especially when positive and negative acute phase variables are combined in an index. When such acute phase index is applied to separate healthy animals from animals with some disease, much better results are obtained than with single analytes and statistically acceptable results for culling individual animals may be reached. Unfortunately at present no cheap, comprehensive and easy to use system is available for assessing various acute phase proteins in serum or blood samples at the same time. Protein microarray or fluid phase microchip technology may satisfy this need; and permit simultaneous analysis of numerous analytes in the same small volume sample and enable integration of information derived from systemic reactivity and nutrition with disease specific variables. Applying such technology may help to solve health problems in various countries not only in animal husbandry but also in human populations.

关键词： Acute phase protein Acute phase reaction Animal health Assessment Cytokine Index Nutrition

Analysis of antisym metric cross-ply laminates using high-order shear deformation theories:a meshless approach

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Acta mechanica Sinica 2020年第5期36卷 1078-1098,I0003页

作者： D.e.S.Rodrigues j.Belinha L.m.j.S.Dinis R.m.Natal jorge Institute of Science and Innovation in mechanical and Industrial engineering 4200-465 PortoPortugal Department of mechanical engineering School of EngineeringPolytechnic of Porto(ISEP)4200-072 PortoPortugal Department of mechanical engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Porto(FEUP)4200-465 PortoPortugal

For many years finite element method(Fem)was the chosen numerical method for the analysis of composite ***,in the last 20 years,the scientific community has witnessed the birth and development of several meshless methods,which are more flexible and equally accurate numerical *** meshless method used in this work is the natural neighbour radial point interpolation method(NNRPIm).In order to discretize the problem domain,the NNRPIm only requires an unstructured nodal ***,using the Voronoi mathematical concept,it enforces the nodal connectivity and constructs the background integration *** NNRPIm shape functions are constructed using the radial point interpolation *** this work,the displacement field of composite laminated plates is defined by high-order shear deformation *** the end,several antisymmetric cross-ply laminates were analysed and the NNRPIm solutions were compared with the *** obtained results show the efficiency and accuracy of the NNRPIm formulation.

关键词： Antisymmetric cross-ply laminates High-order shear deformation theories meshless methods Naturalneighbour radial point interpolation method(NNRPIm)

Nanoscale viscoelastic properties and adhesion of polydimethylsiloxane for tissue engineering

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Acta mechanica Sinica 2014年第1期30卷 2-6页

作者： j.Chen K.e.Wright m.A.Birch School of mechanical & Systems engineering Newcastle University Arthritis Research UK (ARUK) Tissue engineering Centre Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityUK Research UK (ARUK) Tissue engineering Centre Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityUK St james’ University Hospital University of Leeds UK

It has shown that altering crosslink density of biopolymers will regulate the morphology of mesenchymal Stem Cells （mSCs） and the subsequent mSCs differentia- tion. These observations have been found in a wide range of biopolymers. However, a recent work published in Nature materials has revealed that mSCs morphology and differen- tiation was unaffected by crosslink density of polydimethyl- siloxane （PDmS）, which remains elusive. To understand such unusual behaviour, we use nanoindentation tests and modelling to characterize viscoelastic properties and sur- face adhesion of PDmS with different base：crosslink ratio varied from 50：1 （50D） to 10：1 （10D）. It has shown that lower crosslink density leads to lower elastic moduli. De- spite lower nanoindentation elastic moduli, PDmS with lowest crosslink density has higher local surface adhesion which would affect cell-biomaterials interactions. This work suggests that surface adhesion is likely another important physical cue to regulate cell-biomaterials interactions.

关键词： Bioploymer- Nanoindentation- Viscoelasticity Surface adhesion

Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries as a sustainable solution to obtain raw materials for different applications

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journal of energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 118-134页

作者： V.m.Leal j.S.Ribeiro e.L.D.Coelho m.B.j.G.Freitas Federal University of espírito Santo Department of ChemistryLaboratory of Electrochemistry and ElectrochemistryAv.Fernando Ferrari514VitóriaES 29075-910Brazil

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)containing graphite as anode material and LiCoO_(2),Limn_(2)O_(4),and LiNi_(x)mn_(y)Co_(z)O_(2) as cathode materials are the most used worldwide because of their high energy density,capacitance,durability,and ***,such widespread use implies the generation of large amounts of electronic *** is estimated that more than 11 million ton of LIBs waste will have been generated by *** recycling can contribute to minimizing environmental contamination and reducing production costs through the recovery of high-value raw materials such as lithium,cobalt,and *** most common processes used to recycle spent LIBs are pyrometallurgical,biometallurgical,and *** the current scenario,it is necessary to develop environmentally friendly methods to recycle batteries and synthesize materials with multiple technological *** study presents a review of industrial and laboratory processes for recycling spent LIBs and producing materials that can be used in new batteries,energy storage devices,electrochemical sensors,and photocatalytic reactions.

关键词： Li-ion batteries Recycling Cathode Battery Hydrometallurgical Pyrometallurgical

Study of fluctuations in the martian magnetosheath using a kurtosis technique:mars express observations

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earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第1期6卷 28-41页

作者： A.m.S.Franco e.echer m.j.A.Bolzan m.Fraenz National Institute for Space Research(INPe) Sao Jose dos CamposBrazil Federal University of jatai JataiBrazil max Planck Institute for Solar System Research GöttingenGermany

Planetary magnetosheaths are characterized by high plasma wave and turbulence *** martian magnetosheath is no exception;both upstream and locally generated plasma waves have been observed in the region between its bow shock and magnetic boundary layer,its induced *** statistical study of wave activity in the martian magnetosheath is based on 12 years(2005-2016)of observations made during mars express(meX)crossings of the planet’s magnetosheath-in particular,data on electron density and temperature data collected by the electron spectrometer(eLS)of the plasma analyzer(ASPeRA-3)experiment on board the meX spacecraft.A kurtosis parameter has been calculated for these plasma *** value indicates intermittent behavior in the data when it is higher than 3(the value for a normal or Gaussian distribution).The variation of wave activity occurrence has been analyzed in relation to solar cycle,martian orbit,and distance to the bow ***-Gaussian properties are observed in the magnetosheath of mars on all analyzed scales,especially in those near the proton gyrofrequency in the upstream region of the martian *** also report that non-Gaussian behavior is most prominent at the smaller scales(higher frequencies).A significant influence of the solar cycle was also observed;the kurtosis parameter is higher during declining and solar maximum phases,when the presence of disturbed solar wind conditions,caused by large scale solar wind structures,*** kurtosis decreases with increasing distance from the bow shock,which indicates that the intermittence level is higher near the bow *** the electron temperature data the kurtosis is higher near the perihelion due to the higher incidence of eUV when the planet is closer to the Sun,which causes a more extended exosphere,and consequently increases the wave activity in the magnetosheath and its upstream *** extended exosphere seems to play a lower effect in the electron den

关键词： mars magnetosheath kurtosis ULF waves