Study of fluctuations in the Martian magnetosheath using a kurtosis technique:Mars Express observations

作     者：A.M.S.Franco E.Echer M.J.A.Bolzan M.Fraenz A.M.S.Franco;E.Echer;M.J.A.Bolzan;M.Fraenz

作者机构：National Institute for Space Research(INPE)Sao Jose dos CamposBrazil Federal University of JataiJataiBrazil Max Planck Institute for Solar System ResearchGöttingenGermany 

出 版 物：《Earth and Planetary Physics》 (地球与行星物理（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第6卷第1期

页      面：28-41页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 08[工学] 0708[理学-地球物理学] 070401[理学-天体物理] 082503[工学-航空宇航制造工程] 0704[理学-天文学] 0825[工学-航空宇航科学与技术] 

基　　金：FAPESP for PhD fellowship support(projects 2016/10794-2 and 2017/00516-8) the CNPq agency(projects PQ-300969/2020-1,PQ-301542/2021-0)for their support the Brazilian FAPESP(2018/21657-1) CNPq(PQ-301883/2019-0)agencies for financial support supported by CNPq agency contract number(PQ-305692/2018-6) FAPEG agency contract number 2012.1026.7000905 supported by German Space Agency grant 50QM1703 

主　　题：Mars magnetosheath kurtosis ULF waves 

摘      要：Planetary magnetosheaths are characterized by high plasma wave and turbulence *** Martian magnetosheath is no exception;both upstream and locally generated plasma waves have been observed in the region between its bow shock and magnetic boundary layer,its induced *** statistical study of wave activity in the Martian magnetosheath is based on 12 years(2005-2016)of observations made during Mars Express(MEX)crossings of the planet’s magnetosheath-in particular,data on electron density and temperature data collected by the electron spectrometer(ELS)of the plasma analyzer(ASPERA-3)experiment on board the MEX spacecraft.A kurtosis parameter has been calculated for these plasma *** value indicates intermittent behavior in the data when it is higher than 3(the value for a normal or Gaussian distribution).The variation of wave activity occurrence has been analyzed in relation to solar cycle,Martian orbit,and distance to the bow ***-Gaussian properties are observed in the magnetosheath of Mars on all analyzed scales,especially in those near the proton gyrofrequency in the upstream region of the Martian *** also report that non-Gaussian behavior is most prominent at the smaller scales(higher frequencies).A significant influence of the solar cycle was also observed;the kurtosis parameter is higher during declining and solar maximum phases,when the presence of disturbed solar wind conditions,caused by large scale solar wind structures,*** kurtosis decreases with increasing distance from the bow shock,which indicates that the intermittence level is higher near the bow *** the electron temperature data the kurtosis is higher near the perihelion due to the higher incidence of EUV when the planet is closer to the Sun,which causes a more extended exosphere,and consequently increases the wave activity in the magnetosheath and its upstream *** extended exosphere seems to play a lower effect in the electron den