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fast efficient photon deceleration in plasmas by using two laser pulses at different frequencies

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 11-18页

作者： Y.x.Wang x.l.Zhu S.M.Weng P.li x.f.li H.Ai H.R.Pan Z.M.Sheng Key laboratory for laser Plasmas(moe) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Center of IfSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Research Center of laser fusion of China Academy of Engineering Physics MianyangSichuan 621900China State key laboratory of High field laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Tsung-dao lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The generation of ultrashort high-power light sources in the mid-infrared(mid-IR)to terahertz(THz)range is of interest for applications in a number of fields,from fundamental research to biology and *** conventional laser technology,photon deceleration in plasma wakes provides an alternative approach to the generation of ultrashort mid-IR or THz ***,we present a photon deceleration scheme for the efficient generation of ultrashort mid-IR or THz pulses by using an intense driver laser pulse with a relatively short wavelength and a signal laser pulse with a relatively long *** signal pulse trails the driver pulse with an appropriate time delay such that it sits at the front of the second wake bubble that is driven by the driver *** to its relatively long wavelength,the signal pulse will be subjected to a large gradient of the refractive index in the plasma wake ***,the photon deceleration in the plasma wake becomes faster and more efficient for signal pulses with longer *** greatly enhances the capacity and efficiency of photon deceleration in the generation of ultrashort high-power light sources in the long-wavelength IR and THz spectral ranges.

关键词： laser ultrashort photon

Precipitation of multi-type nano-quasicrystals in a Mg-Zn-Y alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 997-1008页

作者： W.Z.Wang x.Z.Zhou l.f.Zhang H.Q.Ye Z.Q.Yang Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of ScienceShenyang 110016China Ji Hua laboratory Foshan 528251China foshan University Foshan 528231China

Mg-6Zn-1Y(at.%)ribbons with strengthening precipitates of multi-type nanoquasicrystals were prepared by melt-spinning followed by aging *** evolution of the rapidly solidified ribbons during isothermal aging was comprehensively studied using various electron microscopy *** new kinds of decagonal quasicrystals were formed in aged ribbons,in addition to precipitation of nanometer icosahedral ***-resolution observations reveal that both decagonal quasicrystals can be modeled by quasiperiodic tiling with decagonal clusters of 2.5 nm in diameter,but overlap of neighboring clusters in both decagonal quasicrystals is different from the Gummelt model observed in other quasicrystals.A shell composed of complex laves Mg-Zn domains was formed surrounding each decagonal quasicrystal precipitate upon prolonged *** addition,all kinds of nanoprecipitates exhibit excellent structure and size stability at 573 *** findings may have implications for not only fundamental studies about quasicrystals,but also microstructural manipulation of high-performance Mg alloys.

关键词： Quasicrystal Mg alloys Rapid solidification Scanning-transmission electron microscopy.

Adsorption of yttrium(Y^(3+)) and concentration of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum using chitin and chitin aerogel

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 775-782页

作者： Glaydson S.dos Reis Diana Pinto Sabrina f.lütke Eder C.lima luis f.o.Silva Irineu A.S.De Brum Guilherme l.Dotto Department of forest Biomaterials and Technology Biomass Technology Centre Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeaE13Swedn Universidad De la Costa Calle 58#55-66080002BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering(ENGEPAC) Federal University of Santa MariaAv.Roraima100079705900Santa MariaRSBrazil Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul90040060Porto AlegreBrazil

Chitin powder and chitin-aerogel were prepared from shrimp wastes and used to uptake Y^(3+)from aqueous solutions and concentrate this rare earth element from phosphogypsum(PG).Chitin aerogel displays a specific surface area of 945 m^(2)/g,while chitin powder is 3.6 m^(2)/g,which largely influences its adsorption *** the adsorption in synthetic solutions,the effect of pH on Y^(3+)removal is strong for chitin powder *** contrast,no big pH influence was detected for chitin *** interactions and chelation can highlight the proposed mechanism of Y^(3+)on chitin adsorbents for the powder and ***,in addition to these interactions,pore filling/pore diffusion is the main mechanism of Y^(3+)removal in the chitin *** aerogel is efficient in concentrating 8 times the Y^(3+)from PG,a very complex *** complex chitin aerogel-Y^(3+)can be a secondary source of rare earth elements for other applications.

关键词： Rare earths Sustainable material Chitin powder Chitin porous aerogel Yttrium adsorption and recovery

In situ TEM investigation of electron irradiation and aging-induced high-density nanoprecipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1841-1853页

作者： M.lv H.l.Ge Q.Q.Jin x.H.Shao Y.T.Zhou B.Zhang x.l.Ma Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China

In-situ electron irradiation and aging are applied to introduce high-density precipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr(GWZ1031K,wt.%)alloy to improve the *** results show that the hardness of the Mg alloy after irradiation for 10 h and aging for 9 h at 250℃ is 1.64 GPa,which is approximately 64% higher than that of the samples before being *** is mainly attributed to γ'precipitates on the basal plane after irradiation and the high-density nanoscale β'precipitates on the prismatic plane after aging,which should be closely related to the irradiation-induced homogenous *** latter plays a key role in precipitation *** result paves a way to improve the mechanical properties of metallic materials by tailoring the precipitation through irradiation and aging.

关键词： Mg alloy Electron beam irradiation Hardening Precipitates In-situ TEM

four late-type Galaxies with Double Radio lobes and Properties of Such Galaxies

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 84-90页

作者： Z.S.Yuan x.Y.Gao Z.l.Wen J.l.Han National Astronomical observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Key laboratory of fAST National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The triggering mechanism for radio lobes from late-type galaxies is not fully *** samples are desired for a thorough investigation and *** utilizing the optical data from the newly released Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument imaging surveys and the radio sources from the NRAo VlA Sky Survey and the faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeter,we identify four late-type Galaxies with double Radio lobes(la GRls):J0217-3645,J0947+6220,J1412+3723 and J1736+*** previously known la GRls,we confirm the correlation between radio power P_(1.4GHz)and stellar mass M_(*)of host ***(25/35)la GRls belong to the blue cloud galaxies,while the newly identified cases in this work are located within the region of the red *** find a clear correlation between the differential radio power,i.e.,the offset from the P_(1.4GHz)-M_(*)relation,and the galaxy color,indicating that bluer galaxies at a fixed M_(*)tend to host more powerful radio ***,the majority(31/36)of la GRls are either located in a galaxy group or displaying a disturbed *** suggest that all of the galaxy mass,color and surrounding environment could play important roles in triggering radio lobes in late-type galaxies.

关键词： galaxies:active galaxies:jets galaxies:spiral radio continuum:galaxies

Investigation of the effects of radial clearance on the screw conveyor performances for different inclinations

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 72-80页

作者： Berna Bolat Birgül Aşçıoğlu Temiztaş Enes Sezer Department of Mechanical Engineering Yıldız Technical University34349BeşiktaşİstanbulTurkey

Screw conveyors are widely used for bulk material *** study investigates the critical role of radial clearance,the gap between the screw and the conveyor body,on performance across various inclination *** Discrete Element Method(DEM)is employed to analyze the effects of different radial clearances on conveyor performance for concrete aggregate and sand as bulk *** efficiencies and capacity losses serve as key performance indicators,quantitatively assessed for each radial clearance and inclination *** validation is conducted to corroborate the *** the study,the optimal radial clearance was identified as 1.5 to 3 times of the particle *** optimal clearance minimizes the material jamming and increases the performance for screw conveyors with different inclinations and bulk material types as a result.

关键词： Screw conveyors Radial clearance Discrete element method(DEM) Volumetric efficiency Conveyor performance

Phase composition,conductivity,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： M.I.Ikim G.N.Gerasimov V.f.Gromov o.J.Ilegbusi l.I.Trakhtenberg N.N.Semenov federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS MoscowRussia University of Central florida OrlandoFLUSA Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(State University) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia lomonosov Moscow State University MoscowRussia

The hydrothermal synthesis of In_(2)o_(3)and Ceo_(2)–In_(2)o_(3)is investigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these *** the synthesis of In_(2)o_(3),intermediate products In(oH)_(3)and InooH are formed,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-In_(2)o_(3))and metastable rhombohedral(rh-In_(2)o_(3))phases,respectively.A transition from c-In_(2)o_(3)to rh-In_(2)o_(3)is observed with the addition of Ceo_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-In_(2)o_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in composites based on c-In_(2)o_(3).The data on the sensor activity of the composites correlate with xPS results in which Ceo_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies in rh-In_(2)o_(3).The reverse situation is observed in composites based on c-In_(2)o_(3).Compared to In_(2)o_(3)and Ceo_(2)–In_(2)o_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to H_(2)at low temperatures by 70–100℃,and have short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recovery time(6–7 s),and long-term stability.A model is proposed for the dependence of sensitivity on the direction of electron transfer between In_(2)o_(3)and Ceo_(2).

关键词： Cerium oxide Indium oxide Nanocomposite Hydrothermal method Cubic phase Rhombohedral phase Sensor response Conductivity Hydrogen Response/recovery time

Cognition and movement in neurodegenerative disorders:a dynamic duo

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2101-2102页

作者： Marit f.l.Ruitenberg Department of Health Medical and NeuropsychologyLeiden UniversityLeidenthe Netherlands leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Leidenthe Netherlands

People with neurodegenerative disorders often experience problems across a variety of functional domains,including cognition,movement,and psychosocial *** classification of these disorders is based on the phenotypical manifestations that represent the most prominent clinical *** example,Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease are typically regarded as movement disorders,whereas Alzheimer's disease(AD) and other dementias are regarded as cognitive disorders.

关键词： disorders Huntington degenerative

Glyphosate as a direct or indirect activator of pro-inflammatory signaling and cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Kazuko A.o'Dell Charles f.Zorumski Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used around the world, making it likely that most humans have significant exposure. Because of habitual exposure, there are concerns about toxicity including neurotoxicity that could result in neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive impairment. We recently found that a single injection of glyphosate inhibits long-term potentiation, a cellular model of learning and memory, in rat hippocampal slices dissected 1 day after injection, indicating that glyphosate-based herbicides can alter cognitive function. Glyphosate-based herbicides could adversely affect cognitive function either indirectly and/or directly. Indirectly, glyphosate could affect gut microbiota, and if dysbiosis results in endotoxemia(leaky gut), infiltrated bacterial by-products such as lipopolysaccharides could activate pro-inflammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also directly trigger pro-inflammatory cascades. Indeed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibition of long-term potentiation by glyphosate appears to be similar to that of lipopolysaccharides. There are several possible measures to control dysbiosis and neuroinflammation caused by glyphosate. Dietary intake of polyphenols, such as quercetin, which overcome the inhibitory effect of glyphosate on long-term potentiation, could be one effective strategy. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss possible mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity following glyphosate exposure as a means to identify potential treatments.

关键词： cognitive impairment glyphosate microglia neuroinflammation roundup toll-like receptor 4 zinc chelation