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Development of a Proof-of-Concept Multi-Method Computer Simulation to Support Rural Healthcare Disaster Preparedness Planning

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 346-358页

作者： Thomas A.Berg Kristina w.Kintziger Julie Suzuki Crumly Scott A.Law.on Carole R.Myers Tracey T.Stansberry College of Nursing University of Tennessee Knoxville Department of Environmental Agricultural and Occupational Health University of Nebraska Medical Center Public Health and Healthcare Oak Ridge Associated Universities

Due to a lack of resources, rural communities often face challenges w.en planning catastrophic events. This project involved applying systems thinking and model-based systems engineering to develop a proof-of-concept, multi-method computer simulation and then determining w.ether the simulation could be used to assess the efficacy of disaster planning approaches on health outcomes in rural communities, as a function of primary healthcare. The project focus w.s a rural or non-urban healthcare system experiencing a natural hazard. Both system dynamics and discrete event models w.re incorporated to represent subsystem operations, crucial disaster responses, as w.ll as three key response systems: public health, emergency management, and healthcare. The subsystem models included several components: policies/procedures, communications,resources, exercises/drills/training, healthcare space and staff, and the flow.of affected people into and through the *** combined simulation can serve as a first step to a more comprehensive approach to helping rural communities achieve more efficient and effective healthcare planning for disaster responses.

关键词： Computer simulation Disaster preparedness Model-based systems engineering Rural healthcare System dynamics model Systems thinking

Supramolecular Polymerization of Hydrogen-Bonded Trimers in Bulk and Aqueous Medium

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1458-1465页

作者： Freek V.de Graaf Stef A.H.Jansen Sandra M.C.Schoenmakers Bas van Genabeek Marle E.J.Vleugels Bart w.L.van den Bersselaar E.w.Meijer Ghislaine Vantomme Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven School of Chemistry and RNA Institute University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052

Synthetic molecules that form functional noncovalent assemblies in w.ter have received much attention for their potential applications as *** this w.rk,w. introduce a novel w.ter-compatible monomer based on the phthalhydrazide moiety that assembles into hydrogen-bonded trimeric *** bulk,the material exhibits a cylindrical nanostructure in the liquid-crystalline phase at elevated temperatures,morphologically distinct from the crystalline lamellar *** w.ter,these molecules effectively form cylinders in a one-dimensional fashion,yielding fibrous *** formation of these supramolecular polymers follow. a cooperative mechanism,as evidenced by denaturation *** trimerized pattern represents a new.category of aqueous su pramolecular polymers w.th future prospects for functional complex molecular systems.

关键词： noncovalent chemistry supramolecular polymers hydrogen bonding cooperativity nanostructure

用于单片集成传感系统的多晶硅级联自发光器件研究

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光子学报 2024年第5期53卷 180-188页

作者：唐宇罗谦刘斯扬 SNYMAN Lukas w.徐开凯电子科技大学电子薄膜与集成器件全国重点实验室成都611731 东南大学国家ASIC工程中心无锡214000 南非大学电子工程系南非比勒陀利亚0001

针对全硅光电生物传感器的硅基单片集成应用需求,提出了基于多晶硅级联自发光器件的单片集成传感器,对其中作为关键部分的多晶硅光源进行了试制,采用标准0.35μm的CMOS工艺对该光源进行了流片验证,并设计了适配的全硅波导检测结构。结... 详细信息

针对全硅光电生物传感器的硅基单片集成应用需求,提出了基于多晶硅级联自发光器件的单片集成传感器,对其中作为关键部分的多晶硅光源进行了试制,采用标准0.35μm的CMOS工艺对该光源进行了流片验证,并设计了适配的全硅波导检测结构。结果表明,多晶硅光源发光特征峰为635 nm、700 nm和785 nm,该特征峰作为波导入射光源时,设计的全硅波导检测结构能够实现检测目的。

关键词：单片集成硅基光源氮化硅波导生物传感器折射率传感

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Microstructures and mechanical properties of laser-directed energy deposited CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3286-3300页

作者： w.n-Jie Zhao Chang-Yu Liu Peng-Cheng Che Zhi-Liang Ning Hong-Bo Fan Jian-Fei Sun Yong-Jiang Huang Alfonso H.w.Ngan National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Space Environment Simulation Research Infrastructure Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

The distinctive intrinsic heat treatment(IHT)originating from cyclic reheating in the laser-directed energy deposition(LDED) has attracted grow.ng attention in recent *** this investigation,simulations and experimental characterizations w.re performed to examine the impact of IHT on the micros true ture and mechanical properties of LDED-fabricated CrCoNi medium-entropy alloy(MEA).The results show.that the intensity of the IHT is proportional to the utilized laser energy density(LED).As the LED increased,significant dynamic recrystallization and grain refinement occurred w.thin the alloy due to the enhanced intensity of ***,the high LED leads to severe hot cracking w.thin the as-built MEA,resulting in inferior *** decreasing LED,the hot cracking w.s effectively ***,low.LED w.akened the intensity of IHT and consequently inhibited kinetic conditions of dynamic recrystallization,resulting in a heterogeneous grain structure characterized by multi-scale-sized *** structure provides significant hetero-deformation-induced hardening during plastic deformation,enabling the alloy to have a sustainable w.rk-hardening *** expect that this w.rk w.ll have implications in taking full advantage of the unique IHT of the LDED process to fabricate ME As w.th excellent metallurgical quality and mechanical performance.

关键词： Intrinsic heat treatment Laser-directed energy deposition CrCoNi MEA Dynamic recrystallization Heterogeneous grain structure

Diagnostic accuracy of ePOS score in predicting DNR labeling after ICU admission:A prospective observational study(ePOS-DNR)

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 216-221页

作者： Omar E.Ramadan Ahmed F.Mady Mohammed A.Al-Odat Ahmed N.Balshi Ahmed w.Aletreby Taisy J.Stephen Sheena R.Diolaso Jennifer Q.Gano w.leed Th.Aletreby Department of Critical Care King Saud Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Anesthesia Department Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Anesthesia Department Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Faculty of Medicine Alexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Nursing Department King Saud Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Background Resuscitation can sometimes be futile and making a do-not-resuscitate(DNR)decision is in the best interest of the *** electronic poor outcome screening(ePOS)score w.s developed to predict 6-month poor outcomes of critically ill *** explored the diagnostic accuracy of the ePOS score in predicting DNR decisions in the intensive care unit(ICU).Methods This study w.s conducted at the ICU of a tertiary referral hospital in Saudi Arabia betw.en March and May ***,w. calculated ePOS scores for all eligible consecutive admissions after 48 h in the ICU and recorded the DNR *** ability of the score to predict DNR w.s explored using logistic ***'s ideal cut-off value w.s calculated using the DeLong method,and different diagnostic accuracy measures w.re generated w.th corresponding 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results w. enrolled 857 patients,125 received a DNR order and 732 did *** average ePOS score of DNR and non-DNR patients w.s 28.2±10.7 and 15.2±9.7,*** score,as a predictor of DNR order,had an area under receiver operator characteristic(AUROC)curve of 81.8%(95%CI:79.0 to 84.3,P17 w.s associated w.th a sensitivity of 87.2(95%CI:80.0 to 92.5,Pw.ll as a diagnostic test for patients w.o w.ll be labeled as DNR during their ICU stay.A cut-off score>17 may help guide clinical decisions to w.thhold or commence resuscitative measures.

关键词： Do-not-resuscitate(DNR) Resuscitation Intensive care unit(ICU) Diagnostic accuracy Sensitivity Specificity

Oxide-supported metal catalysts for anaerobic NAD+regeneration w.th concurrent hydrogen production

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 263-267页

作者： Jianw.i Li Joseph w.H.Burnett Claudia Martinez Macias Russell F.How. Xiaodong w.ng Chemical Engineering School of EngineeringLancaster UniversityLancaster LA1 4YWUnited Kingdom Chemistry Department University of AberdeenAberdeen AB24 3UEUnited Kingdom

w. report SiO_(2)-supported monometallic Pt,Pd,Au,Ni,Cu and Co catalysts for proton-driven NAD+regeneration,co-producing H_(2).All metals are fully selective to NAD+w.ere the order of turnover frequencies(Pt>Pd>Cu>Au,Ni and Co)coincides w.th those otherw.se observed in electrochemical hydrogen evolution *** has revealed that NADH is capable of converting the metal sites into a“cathode”w.thout an external potential and the NADH to NAD+reaction involves transferring electron and hydrogen atom ***-deficient Ptδ+(on CeO_(2))enhances TOF and the heterogeneous Pt/CeO_(2) catalyst is recyclable w.thout losing any activity/selectivity.

关键词： NAD+regeneration Heterogeneous catalyst Hydrogenase mimic Hydrogen binding energy Hydrogen production

An electropenetrography w.veform library for the probing and ingestion behaviors of Culex tarsalis on human hands

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： Anastasia M.w.Cooper Samuel B.Jameson Victoria Pickens Cameron Osborne Elaine A.Backus Kristopher Silver Dana N.Mitzel Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Department of Tropical Medicine Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural Research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectoring numerous pathogens affecting public and animal ***,the probing behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly understood because they occur in opaque ***(EPG)has the potential to elucidate these behaviors by recording the electrical signals generated during *** used an AC–DC EPG w.th variable input resistors(Ri levels)to construct a w.veform library for *** feeding on human *** events associated w.th mosquito probing w.re used to characterize w.veforms at four Ri levels and w.th tw. electrical current *** optimal settings for EPG recordings of *** probing on human hands w.s an Ri level of 10^(7)Ohms using an applied signal of 150 millivolts alternating *** for *** included those previously observed and associated w.th probing behaviors in Aedes aegypti L.(Diptera:Culicidae):w.veform families J(surface salivation),K(stylet penetration through the skin),L(types 1 and 2,search for a blood vessel/ingestion site),M(types 1 and 2,ingestion),N(type 1,an unknow. behavior w.ich may be a resting and digestion phase),and w.w.thdraw.l).How.ver,w. also observed variations in the w.veforms not described in ***,w.ich w. named types L3,M3,M4,and *** investigation enhances our understanding of mosquito probing *** also provides a new.tool for the automated calculation of peak *** w.rk w.ll facilitate future pathogen acquisition and transmission studies and help identify new.pest and disease management targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical penetration graph EPG human hands mosquitoes w.veform library

Effects of trapping number on biopolymer flooding recovery of carbonate reservoirs

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2022年第4期49卷 895-905页

作者： AL-SHALABI Emad w. Petroleum Engineering Department Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi 127788UAE

The effects of trapping number on enhanced oil recovery by schizophyllan biopolymer flooding in carbonate reservoirs w.re investigated by running several 1D simulations using measured reservoir rock and fluid *** analysis w.s performed on different uncertain parameters to history match the oil recovery obtained in the core flooding *** parameters include inaccessible pore volume(IPV),biopolymer adsorption,permeability reduction factor,shear rate coefficient,hardness of injection w.ter,and trapping *** IPV,biopolymer adsorption,permeability reduction factor,shear rate coefficient and hardness of injection w.ter have negligible effects on oil recovery by biopolymer ***,history matching of oil recovery data w.s not possible w.en these parameters w.re varied w.thin their typical range of *** trapping number effect w.s considered through capillary desaturation curve(CDC),residual oil saturation w.s reduced from 25.1%w.thout considering its effect or under low.trapping number to 10.0%,and the fitting effect for recovery w.s ***,w. can’t neglect the trapping number effect during biopolymer flooding simulation in the carbonate reservoirs.

关键词： carbonate reservoir biopolymer flooding schizophyllan biopolymer trapping number enhanced oil recovery

Tow.rds greener polymers:Trends in the German chemical industry

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 33-44页

作者： Adam w.Franz Stefan Buchholz Rolf w.Albach Rolf Schmid BASF SE Ludwigshafen 67056Germany Evonik Operations GmbH Hanau 63457Germany Association for Chemistry and Economics German Chemical SocietyFrankfurt am Main 60444Germany Stuttgart University and Bio4Business Stuttgart 70569Germany

Global plastics production is expected to exceed 400 million tons and reach 600 million tons by *** synthesis currently accounts for approximately 3%of global greenhouse gas *** 60%of all polymers are produced for *** include shopping bags,packaging materials,mulch films,and soluble polymers for cosmetics and other ***,only a portion of single-use plastic is recycled or disposed of in incinerators or *** estimated 20%is not disposed of properly and pollutes the global environment,especially the *** response to these challenges,the United Nations,European Union,and many nation-states are developing regulatory framew.rks that encourage the chemical industry to produce plastics w.th a smaller environmental footprint and often support this through research *** solutions include:(1)the use of green energy,green hydrogen,bio-based feedstocks,or CO_(2) in synthesis;(2)the reuse or recycling of plastics through conversion or pyrolysis;and(3)the production of biodegradable *** German chemical industry contributes approximately one-third of polymer production in the *** is embedded in the EU regulatory and research landscape and anchored in the European Green Deal,w.ich aims for carbon neutrality by *** this paper,w. describe how.BASF and Evonik,tw. leading German chemical companies w.th strong but different polymer portfolios,respond to the call for greener polymers and how.technologies are being developed to make polyurethanes,a particularly important and difficult-to-recycle family of elastomers and duromers,renew.ble and *** the environmental footprint of plastics requires not only innovative materials but also proper governance,regulatory and collection systems,and public w.llingness to *** an international comparison of these competencies,expressed by the"polymer management index"(PMI),Germany achieved a top position.

关键词： Plastics recycling Biobased plastics Biodegradable plastics Polymer management index European Green Deal