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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第7期40卷 1025-1027页

作者： Yaxin Ye Boxing jin Hao w.Zhang Nengyin Sheng State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China

with the efforts in developmental biology and neuroscience during the past several decades,our knowledge has been significantly advanced about the genetic,cellular,and molecular mechanisms underlying brain development and ***,we should keep in mind that the human brain is the product of complex evolutionary processes,and there is a trade-off between brain evolution and neurological disorders[1].

关键词： function. neurological knowledge

Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Past, present, and future directions

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 129-138页

作者： Sudha Kodali Ashton A Connor Souhail Thabet Elizabeth w Brombosz R Mark Ghobrial Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA jC walter jr Transplant Center Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA Department of Surgery Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Surgery Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA School of Medicine New Giza UniversityGizaEgypt

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)is a rare biliary tract cancer with high mortality *** resection of the iCCA lesion is the first choice of treatment,with good prognosis after margin-negative ***,only 12%-40% of patients are eligible for resection at presentation due to cirrhosis,portal hypertension,or large tumor *** transplantation(LT)offers margin-negative iCCA extirpation for patients with unresectable ***,iCCA was a contraindication for LT until size-based selection criteria were introduced to identify patients with satisfied post-LT *** studies have shown that tumor biology-based selection can yield high post-LT survival in patients with locally advanced *** selection criterion is the tumor response to neoadjuvant *** with response to neoadjuvant therapy have better outcomes after LT compared with those without tumor response to neoadjuvant *** index that helps predict the treatment outcome is the *** survival outcomes have also opened the door for living donor LT for *** undergoing LT for iCCA now have statistically similar survival rates as patients undergoing *** combination of surgery and locoregional and systemic therapies improves the prognosis of iCCA patients.

关键词： Liver transplantation Cholangiocarcinoma Hepatectomy Transplant oncology Liver neoplasm

Necrotic enteritis and antibiotic-free production of broiler chickens:Challenges in testing and using alternative products

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 288-298页

作者： Robert j.Moore School of Science RMIT University

The global trend towards raising broiler chickens without the use of in-feed antibiotics(IFAs) means that there is an ongoing need to develop alternative treatments capable of delivering the benefits that IFAs previously provided. IFAs supported the productivity performance of chickens and played a key role in maintaining their health. Necrotic enteritis(NE) is an important disease of broilers that affects health,productivity, and welfare, and was previously well controlled by IFAs. However, with the reduction in IFA use, NE is resurgent in some countries. Vaccines and various feed additives, including pre-, pro-, and postbiotics, phytobiotics, fatty acids, and phage therapies have been introduced as alternative methods of NE control. while some of these feed additives have specific activity against the NE pathogen, Clostridium perfringens, most have the more general goal of reinforcing gut health. Extensive reviews of the effects of many of these feed additives on gut health have been published recently. Hence, rather than cover previously well reviewed areas of research this review focuses on the challenges and pitfalls in undertaking experimental assessment of alternative NE treatments and translating laboratory research to real world commercial production settings. The review is based on the author's particular experience,reading, thoughts, and analysis of the available information and inevitably presents a particular understanding that is likely to be at odds with others thinking on these issues. It is put forward to stimulate thinking and discussion on the issues covered.

关键词： Necrotic enteritis Clostridium perfringens Vaccines Feed additive Farm management

Food intolerance and the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)diet in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Food Science and Human wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1729-1738页

作者： Klaus w.Lange Andreas Reissmann Yukiko Nakamura Katharina M.Lange Faculty of Human Sciences University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany Department of Psychology University of BathBath BA27AYUnited Kingdom

The hypothesis that some children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)may show sensitivity or allergic reactions to various food items has led to the development of the the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)*** rationale of the diet is to eliminate certain foods from the diet in order to exclude potential allergens contained either naturally in food or in artificial ingredients with allergenic *** oligoantigenic diet attempts to identify individual foods to which a person might be ***,ADHD symptoms are monitored while multiple foods are excluded from the ***,if symptoms remit,foods are re-introduced,while observing the individual for the return of *** advantage of the oligoantigenic diet is that it can be tailored to the individual.A growing body of evidence suggests that behavioral symptoms of subgroups of children with ADHD may benefit from the elimination of certain *** effect sizes of an oligoantigenic diet regarding improvement of ADHD symptoms have been found to be medium to *** evidence suggests that the investigation of the role of food hypersensitivities in ADHD is a promising avenue worthy of further *** large-scale,randomized controlled studies including assessment of long-term outcome are therefore warranted.

关键词： Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Food intolerance Few-foods diet Etiology Treatment

Are hydrides under high-pressure-high-temperature superconductors?

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 9-12页

作者： j.E.Hirsch Department of Physics University of California

Contrary to the current consensus, I argue that the existing evidence for high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides under high pressure is not compelling. I suggest that the focus of the field should urgently shift to establish unequivocally experimentally whether or not superconductivity in pressurized hydrides exists, instead of continuing to search for new materials that might show elusive signals of unproven superconductivity at ever higher temperatures. The implications of a negative finding for the theoretical understanding of superconductivity are discussed.

关键词： Hydrides

Reversed charge transfer induced by nickel in Fe-Ni/Mo_(2)C@nitrogen-doped carbon nanobox for promoted reversible oxygen electrocatalysis

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 202-212,I0005页

作者： Zhicheng Nie Lei Zhang Qiliang Zhu Zhifan Ke Yingtang Zhou Thomas wågberg Guangzhi Hu School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001AnhuiChina Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650504YunnanChina National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture Marine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316004ZhejiangChina Department of Physics UmeåUniversityUmeåS-90187Sweden

The interaction between metal and support is critical in oxygen catalysis as it governs the charge transfer between these two entities,influences the electronic structures of the supported metal,affects the adsorption energies of reaction intermediates,and ultimately impacts the catalytic *** this study,we discovered a unique charge transfer reversal phenomenon in a metal/carbon nanohybrid ***,electrons were transferred from the metal-based species to N-doped carbon,while the carbon support reciprocally donated electrons to the metal domain upon the introduction of *** led to the exceptional electrocatalytic performances of the resulting Ni-Fe/Mo_(2)C@nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst,with a half-wave potential of 0.91 V towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and a low overpotential of 290 m V at 10 mA cm^(-2)towards oxygen evolution reaction(OER)under alkaline ***,the Fe-Ni/Mo_(2)C@carbon heterojunction catalyst demonstrated high specific capacity(794 mA h g_(Zn)~(-1))and excellent cycling stability(200 h)in a Zn-air *** calculations revealed that Mo_(2)C effectively inhibited charge transfer from Fe to the support,while secondary doping of Ni induced a charge transfer reversal,resulting in electron accumulation in the Fe-Ni alloy *** local electronic structure modulation significantly reduced energy barriers in the oxygen catalysis process,enhancing the catalytic efficiency of both ORR and ***,our findings underscore the potential of manipulating charge transfer reversal between the metal and support as a promising strategy for developing highly-active and durable bi-functional oxygen electrodes.

关键词： Metal-support interaction Charge transfer reversal Oxygen reduction reaction Oxygen evolution reaction Zinc-air battery

Out-of-Equilibrium Assembly Based on Host-Guest Interactions

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 27-40页

作者： Guotai Li Reece w.Lewis Rienk Eelkema School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266071 Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology2629 HZ Delft

The field of supramolecular chemistry is rapidly progressing,transitioning from the creation of thermodynamically stable systems found in local or global minima on the free energy landscape to the development of out-of-equilibrium systems that rely on chemical reactions to establish and maintain their *** the past decade,numerous artificial out-of-equilibrium systems have been devised in various domains of supramolecular chemistry,many of which have been extensively ***,one area that has received limited attention thus far is the use of out-of-equilibrium processes to regulate host-guest *** minireview aims to address this gap by exploring the construction of out-ofequilibrium systems based on host-guest complexation,which likely employs similar strategies to those employed in analogous noncovalent *** review begins with a summary of these shared ***,it discusses representative publications that exemplify these strategies and classifies thembased onwhich component is being modulated-host,guest,or competitive *** this examination,our objective is to shed light on the design of out-of-equilibrium systems relying on host-guest interactions and provide valuable insights into the preparation strategies for various transient materials.

关键词： out-of-equilibrium host-guest chemistry self-assembly supramolecular materials chemical fuel

Efficient fidelity estimation:alternative derivation and related applications

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 16-20页

作者： Diego S Starke Marcos L w Basso jonas Maziero Physics Department Center for Natural and Exact SciencesFederal University of Santa MariaRoraima Avenue 1000Santa MariaRS97105-900Brazil Center for Natural and Human Sciences Federal University of ABCAvenue of the StatesSanto AndréSão Paulo09210-580Brazil

In[***.A 107012427(2023)],Baldwin and jones prove that Uhlmann–jozsa’s fidelity between two quantum statesρandσ,i.e.,F(ρ,σ)=(Tr√√ρσ√ρ)^(2),can be written in a simplified form as F(ρ,σ)=(Tr√ρσ)^(2).In this article,we give an alternative proof of this result,using a function power series expansion and the properties of the trace *** approach not only reinforces the validity of the simplified expression but also facilitates the exploration of novel dissimilarity functions for quantum states and more complex trace functions of density operators.

关键词： Ulhmann–jozsa fidelity Rényi entropy efficient fidelity estimation Chebyshev polynomials

Towards a lightweight security framework using blockchain and machine learning

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第1期5卷 107-118页

作者： Shereen Ismail Muhammad Nouman Diana w.Dawoud Hassan Reza School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of North DakotaND 58202USA Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 44000Pakistan College of Engineering and Information Technology University of DubaiDubaiUnited Arab Emirates

Cyber-attacks pose a significant challenge to the security of Internet of Things(IoT)sensor networks,necessitating the development of robust countermeasures tailored to their unique characteristics and *** prevention and detection techniques have been proposed to mitigate these *** this paper,we propose an integrated security framework using blockchain and Machine Learning(ML)to protect IoT sensor *** framework consists of two modules:a blockchain prevention module and an ML detection *** blockchain prevention module has two lightweight mechanisms:identity management and trust *** management employs a lightweight Smart Contract(SC)to manage node registration and authentication,ensuring that unauthorized entities are prohibited from engaging in any tasks,while trust management uses a lightweight SC that is responsible for maintaining trust and credibility between sensor nodes throughout the network’s lifetime and tracking historical node *** and transaction validation are achieved through a Verifiable Byzantine Fault Tolerance(VBFT)mechanism to ensure network reliability and *** ML detection module utilizes the Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM)algorithm to classify malicious nodes and notify the blockchain network if it must make decisions to mitigate their *** investigate the performance of several off-the-shelf ML algorithms,including Logistic Regression,Complement Naive Bayes,Nearest Centroid,and Stacking,using the wSN-DS *** is selected following a detailed comparative analysis conducted using accuracy,precision,recall,F1-score,processing time,training time,prediction time,computational complexity,and Matthews Correlation Coefficient(MCC)evaluation metrics.

关键词： Blockchain Machine learning IoT Security Integration Smart contracts

A harmonisation approach to traditional Chinese medicine registration in Asian countries

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journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第2期11卷 143-147页

作者： Vivian S.w.Chan Fung Independent Scholar 2 Woodward PlaceSt IvesNSW 2075Australia

The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)industry is critical to not only for public health but also for economic *** to the European Union(EU)directives,under the EU framework for(traditional)herbal medicinal products,herbal medicines with long history of use can be registered in ***,there is a condition in this directive in which only those that have at least 10e15 years in the EU market are accepted for registration and/or marketing *** author opinion,the condition of 10-15 years of use in EU countries set within the EU regulatory framework is with consideration of the genetic differences which can result in variation in adverse drug responses among different world *** this concept in mind,it is reasonable to project the principal of the EU directive to the Asian countries where TCM is *** like China,Singapore,japan and South Korea that have well established drug registration framework are in best position in executing the best practice and facilitate harmonization of registration for TCM within the ***,the registration process itself allows more safety and efficacy data to be collected systemically before and after product registration/marketing *** are valuable information for future drug *** therapeutic value of TCM is limitless,it has been left out in the EU regulatory framework,and the opportunity for it to be expanded and carried forward in modern medicines is shadowed by the limited number of TCM that are qualified to be registered under the EU regulatory *** early establishment of a harmonized risk-based registration process for TCM in Asian countries is *** will strengthen the database to substantiate the history of safe use and further preserving and expanding the therapeutic values of TCM within and beyond the Asian region.

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicines Population genetic Harmonization Registration Asian countries