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NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE EFFECT OF MALDISTRIBUTION IN A FIXED BED ADSORBER

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chinese Journal of chemical Engineering 1997年第4期5卷 22-33页

作者：宁平谷俊杰 Hans-Jrg bart Department of chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Lehrstuhl fur Thermische Verfahrenstechnik Universitat Kaiserslautern

The paper deals with the modeling of the effect of maldistribution in pollutant abatementtrichloroethylene（TCE）concerning low concentration(10-5-10-8kg·m-3)adsorption in an adsorber.Such a concentration range is rather typical in many an environmental application.Isotherms andbreakthrough curves for TCE adsorption are obtained both for a commercial activated carbonSorbonorit 4 and a laboratory adsorber of dB/dP=11.Two two-dimensional nonequilibrium isothermalmodels are developed to describe the mass transfer in the fixed bed taking into account the effect ofmaldistribution.It is found the simulation results with maldistribution are in very good agreementwith the experimental findings.Low concentration TCE adsorption in a fixed bed of activated carbonis found to be strongly influenced by maldistribution.The non-uniform distributions of concentrationand loading of the pollutant in the adsorber are predicted by the model.Maldistribution and its ef-fect on the initial breakthrough of TCE in

关键词： adsorption models fixed bed adsorber maldistribution trichloroethylene.

From Single Droplet to Column Design

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2006年第2期11卷 212-216页

作者： Hans-Jrg bart Institute of Thermal Process Engineering TU Kaiserslautern D-67653 Kaiserslautern Germany

The technique state to design counter-current extraction columns is based on the performance of pilot plant experiments. The modelling is then either with the equilibrium or dispersion model, whereas in the latter the dispersion coefficient accounts for all hydrodynamic non-idealities. A new approach uses single droplet experiments to obtain the basic laws and functions governing droplet breakage, coalescence, relative velocity, and axial dispersion when using droplet populance balance models （DPBM）. The hydrodynamics simulation results show that the mean Sauter diameter, hold-up, and concentration profiles could be well predicted, which promotes the use of DPBM models for further applications in industrial scale.

关键词： single droplet column design countercurrent extraction droplet populance balance model

How small could a pup sound？ The physical bases of signaling body size in harbor seals

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Current Zoology 2017年第4期63卷 457-465页

作者： Andrea RAVIGNANI Stephanie GROSS Maxime GARCIA Ana RUBIO-GARCIA bart DE BOER Veterinary & Research Department Sealcentre Pieterburen Hoofdstraat 94a Pieterburen AG 9968 The Netherlands Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 Brussels 1050 Belgium Language and Cognition Department Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Wundtlaan 1 Nijmegen XD 6525 The Netherlands Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation Werftstrasse 6 Buesum 25761 Germany ENES Lab/Neuro-PSI CNRS UMR9197 University of Lyon/Saint Etienne 23 rue Paul Michelon 42023 Saint-Etienne cedex 2 France

Vocal communication is a crucial aspect of animal behavior. The mechanism which most mammals use to vocalize relies on three anatomical components. First, air overpressure is generated inside the lower vocal tract. Second, as the airstream goes through the glottis, sound is produced via vocal fold vibration. Third, this sound is further filtered by the geometry and length of the upper vocal tract. Evidence from mammalian anatomy and bioacoustics suggests that some of these three components may covary with an animal's body size. The framework provided by acoustic allometry suggests that, because vocal tract length (VTL) is more strongly constrained by the growth of the body than vocal fold length (VFL), VTL generates more reliable acoustic cues to an animal's size. This hypothesis is often tested acoustically but rarely anatomically, especially in pinnipeds. Here, we test the anatomical bases of the acoustic allometry hypothesis in harbor seal pups . We dissected and measured vocal tract, vocal folds, and other anatomical features of 15 harbor seals post-mortem. We found that, while VTL correlates with body size, VFL does not. This suggests that, while body growth puts anatomical constraints on how vocalizations are filtered by harbor seals' vocal tract, no such constraints appear to exist on vocal folds, at least during puppyhood. It is particularly interesting to find anatomical constraints on harbor seals' vocal tracts, the same anatomical region partially enabling pups to produce individually distinctive vocalizations.

关键词：物理基础海豹声音信号传导港口解剖部位解剖学特征动物行为

High speed phase modulators for silicon photonic integrated circuits:a role for lithium niobate?

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Advanced Photonics 2019年第3期1卷 3-5页

作者： Roel Baets bart kuyken Ghent University–imec Photonics Research GroupGentBelgium Ghent University Center for Nano-and BiophotonicsGentBelgium

Lithium niobate(LN)has been and still is a prominent material for high speed optical modulators.The performance of such LN-modulators—as a stand-alone building block for optical systems—has been unchallenged for many years.But in many ways it has proven to be very hard to integrate lithium niobate modulators with other functions on a single optical chip.As a result,scientific interest in this material has been fading away.

关键词： lithium integrate alone

Comparative studies on fouling of homogeneous anion exchange membranes by different structured organics in electrodialysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 218-228页

作者： Zhijuan Zhao Shaoyuan Shi Hongbin Cao Yujiao Li bart Van der Bruggen Division of Environment Technology and Engineering CAS key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Beijing Research Center of Process Pollution Control State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese Academy of Sciences Department of chemical Engineering KU Leuven Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment Tshwane University of Technology

Five negatively charged organic compounds with different structures, sodium methane sulfonate(MS), sodium benzene sulfonate(BS), sodium 6-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonate(NSS), sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS), were used to examine the fouling of an anion exchange membrane(AEM) in electrodialysis(ED),to explore the effect of molecular characteristics on the fouling behavior on the AEM and changes in the surface and electrochemical properties of the AEM. Results indicated that the fouling degree of the AEM by the different organics followed the order:SDBS > SDS > NSS > BS > MS. SDBS and SDS formed a dense fouling layer on the surface of the AEM, which was the main factor in the much more severe membrane fouling, and completely restricted the transmembrane ion migration. The other three organics caused fouling of the AEM by adsorption on the surface and/or accumulation in the interlayer of the AEM, and exhibited almost no influence on the transmembrane ion migration. It was also concluded that the organics with benzene rings caused more severe fouling of the AEM due to the stronger affinity interaction and steric effect between the organics and the AEM compared with organics with aliphatic chains.

关键词： Anion exchange membrane Different structural organics Membrane fouling Property characterization Fouling mechanism analyses

Implementation of a single quad MS detector in routine QC analysis of peptide drugs

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第1期6卷 24-31页

作者： Matthias D'Hondt Bert Gevaert Evelien Wynendaele bart De Spiegeleer Drug Quality and Registration (Dru Qua R) Group Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ghent University

A newly developed single quad mass spectrometry （MS） detector was coupled to a ultra-high perfor- mance liquid chromatography （UPLC） system and implemented in the routine quality control （QC） and impurity analysis of four therapeutic peptides, namely bleomycin sulfate, tyrothricin, vancomycin HCl and bacitracin, which were selected given their multi-component drug nature and their closely struc- turally related impurity profiles. The QC and impurity profiling results obtained using the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet/mass spectrometry （UPLC-UV/MS） detection system were analyzed against the results obtained using traditional high performance liquid chromatography- ultraviolet detection （HPLC-UV） methods derived from pharmacopoeial methods. In general, the used stationary phases of sub-2 μm particle （UPLC） technology resulted in lower limits of detection and higher resolution separations, which resulted in more detected impurities and shorter overall run times con- trasting the traditional HPLC columns. Moreover, online coupling with a single quad MS detector allowed direct peak identification of the main compounds as well as small impurities, hereby increasing the information content without the need of reference standards.

关键词： Quality control Peptide Impurity profiling Single quad MS detector

Preliminary assessment of growth and survival of green alder(Alnus viridis), a potential biological stabilizer on fly ash disposal sites

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第1期26卷 131-136页

作者： Marcin Pietrzykowski Wojciech krzaklewski bartomiej Wo Department of Forest Ecology Forest FacultyUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow

This paper presents preliminary assessment of seedling survival and growth of green alder（Alnus viridis（chaix） DC. in Lam. ＆ DC.） planted on fly ash disposal sites. This kind of post-industrial site is extremely hard to biologically stabilize without top-soiling. The experiment started with surface preparation using NPk start-up mineral fertilizer at 60–36–36 kg ha-1followed by initial stabilization through hydro-seeding with biosolids（sewage sludge 4 Mg ha-1dry mass） and a mixture of grasses（Dactylis glomerata L. and Lolium multiflorum Lam.）（200 kg ha-1）. Subsequently, three-years-old green alder seedlings were planted in plots on two substrate variants：the control（directly on combustion waste） and plots with3 dm3 lignite culm from a nearby mine introduced into the planting pit. Five years of preliminary monitoring show good survival seedling rates and growth parameters（height（h）, average increase in height（Dh）, number of shoots（L o）and leaf nitrogen supply in the fly ash disposal habitat.Treatment of the site with a combination of lignite culm in planting pits and preliminary surface preparation by hydroseeding and mineral fertilization had the most positive effect on green alder seedling parameters. The results indicate that it is possible and beneficial to use green alder for biological stabilization on fly ash disposal sites.

关键词： Fly ash Green alder Seedlings survival Growth Biological stabilisation

On Some Families of Smooth Affine Spherical Varieties of Full Rank

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2018年第3期34卷 563-596页

作者： kay PAULUS Guido PEZZINI bart VAN STEIRTEGHEM Department Mathematik FA U Erlangen-Niirnberg 91058 Erlangen Germany Dipartimento di Matematica 'Sapienza' Universith di Roma 00185 Roma Italy Department Mathematik FA U Erlangen-Niirnberg & Department of MathematicsMedgar Evers College-City University of New York Brooklyn New York 11225 USA

Let G be a complex connected reductive group. Losev has shown that a smooth affine spherical G-variety X is uniquely determined by its weight monoid, which is the set of irreducible representations of G that occur in the coordinate ring of X. In this paper we use a combinatorial characterization of the weight monoids of smooth affine spherical varieties to classify：（a） all such varieties for G = SL（2） × C~×and（b） all such varieties for G simple which have a G-saturated weight monoid of full rank. We also use the characterization and knop＇s classification theorem for multiplicity free Hamiltonian manifolds to give a new proof of Woodward＇s result that every reflective Delzant polytope is the moment polytope of such a manifold.

关键词： Affine spherical variety weight monoid multiplicity free Hamiltonian manifold moment polytope

challenges and opportunities in remote sensing-based crop monitoring: a review

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National Science Review 2023年第4期10卷 203-219页

作者： Bingfang Wu Miao Zhang Hongwei Zeng Fuyou Tian Andries B Potgieter Xingli Qin Nana Yan Sheng chang Yan Zhao Qinghan Dong Vijendra Boken Dmitry Plotnikov Huadong Guo Fangming Wu Hang Zhao bart Deronde Laurent Tits Evgeny Loupian State key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Executive Committee of Group on Earth Observations Global Agricultural Monitoring (GEOGLAM) Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of Queensland Department of Remote Sensing Flemish Institute of Technological Research Department of Geography and Earth Science University of Nebraska-Kearney Department of Satellite Monitoring Technologies Space Research Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences

Building a more resilient food system for sustainable development and reducing uncertainty in global food markets both require concurrent and near-real-time and reliable crop information for decision making.Satellite-driven crop monitoring has become a main method to derive crop information at local, regional,and global scales by revealing the spatial and temporal dimensions of crop growth status and production.However, there is a lack of quantitative, objective, and robust methods to ensure the reliability of crop information, which reduces the applicability of crop monitoring and leads to uncertain and undesirable consequences. In this paper, we review recent progress in crop monitoring and identify the challenges and opportunities in future efforts. We find that satellite-derived metrics do not fully capture determinants of crop production and do not quantitatively interpret crop growth status; the later can be advanced by integrating effective satellite-derived metrics and new onboard sensors. We have identified that ground data accessibility and the negative effects of knowledge-based analyses are two essential issues in crop monitoring that reduce the applicability of crop monitoring for decisions on food security. Crowdsourcing is one solution to overcome the restrictions of ground-truth data accessibility. We argue that user participation in the complete process of crop monitoring could improve the reliability of crop information.Encouraging users to obtain crop information from multiple sources could prevent unconscious biases.Finally, there is a need to avoid conflicts of interest in publishing publicly available crop information.

关键词： crop monitoring crop condition crop production Ground data Remote Sensing