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Trends of autoimmune liver disease inpatient hospitalization and mortality from 2011 to 2017:A United States nationwide analysis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第7期16卷 1029-1038页

作者： Ali Wakil Yasameen Muzahim Mina Awadallah vikash kumar Natale Mazzaferro Patricia Greenberg Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The Brooklyn Hospital CenterBrooklynNY 11201United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIA 52242United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Rutgers the New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJ 07103United States Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Rutgers School of Public HealthPiscatawayNJ 08854United States

BACKGROUND Autoimmune liver diseases(AiLD)encompass a variety of disorders that target either the liver cells(autoimmune hepatitis,AIH)or the bile ducts[primary biliary cholangitis(PBC),and primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)].These conditions can progress to chronic liver disease(CLD),which is characterized by fibrosis,cirrhosis,and hepatocellular *** studies have indicated a rise in hospitalizations and associated costs for CLD in the US,but information regarding inpatient admissions specifically for AiLD remains *** To examine the trends and mortality of inpatient hospitalization of AiLD from 2011 to *** This study is a retrospective analysis utilizing the National Inpatient Sample(NIS)*** subjects admitted between 2011 and 2017 with a diagnosis of AiLD(AIH,PBC,PSC)were identified using the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-9)and ICD-10 *** AiLD admission was defined if the first admission code was one of the AiLD *** AiLD admission was defined as having the AiLD diagnosis anywhere in the admission diagnosis(25 diagnoses).Subjects aged 21 years and older were *** national estimates of hospitalization were derived using sample weights provided by NIS.χ^(2)tests for categorical data were *** primary trend characteristics were in-hospital mortality,hospital charges,and length of *** From 2011 to 2017,hospitalization rates witnessed a significant decline,dropping from 83263 admissions to 74850 admissions(P65),mostly female(median 59%)(P<0.05),and primarily Caucasians(median 68%)(P<0.05).Medicare was the major insurance(median 56%),followed by private payer(median 27%)(P<0.05).The South was the top geographical distribution for these admissions(median 33%)(P<0.05),with most admissions taking place in big teaching institutions(median 63%)(P<0.05).Total charges for admissions rose from 66031 in 2011

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Autoimmune liver disease Epidemiology Cost-Effective care Admissions trend Mortality rate

Insights into renal and urological complications of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期13卷 9-25页

作者： Anmol Singh Tejasvini Khanna Diksha Mahendru Jasraj Kahlon vikash kumar Aalam Sohal Juliana Yang Department of Medicine Tristar Centennial Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37203United States Department of Medicine Maulana Azad Medical CollegeNew Delhi 110002India Department of Medicine Dayanand Medical College and HospitalLudhiana 141001PunjabIndia Department of Internal Medicine Abrazo Medical CenterPhoenixAZ 85015United States Department of Medicine The Brooklyn Hospital CenterBrooklynNY 11201United States Department of Hepatology Liver Institute NorthwestSeattleWA 98105United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic condition characterized by immune-mediated inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract,which follows a relapsing and remitting *** from affecting the gastrointestinal tract,IBD also has extra-intestinal manifestations(EIMs).While the etiology of extraintestinal manifestation remains unclear,it is theorized to be based on immunological responses influenced by genetic *** involvement is one of the EIMs observed in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s *** renal manifes-tations in IBD patients encompass a range of conditions including nephrolithiasis,amyloidosis,tubulointerstitial nephritis,glomerulonephritis(GN),obstructive pathologies,and chronic kidney disease(CKD).The incidence of CKD in IBD patients varies from 5%-15%.The decline in renal function can stem from various factors such as direct inflammatory damage to the kidneys leading to glomerular or tubular injury,or from complications like recurrent stones,amyloidosis,or ***,nephrotoxic medications used in treating IBD,such as TNF-αinhibitors,calcineurin inhibitors,and aminosalicylates,can exacerbate the decline in renal ***,there is a lack of consensus regarding these patients'screening and renal function *** review aims to assess the existing literature on the different renal complications among individuals with IBD,shedding light on their pathophysiology and management.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Glomerulonephritis Amyloidosis Extra-intestinal manifestations Nephrotoxicity chronic kidney disease

Global trends in hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma mortality:A public database analysis(1999-2019)

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第1期13卷 69-83页

作者： Hassam Ali Fnu vikash Vishali Moond Fatima Khalid Abdur Rehman Jamil Dushyant Singh Dahiya Amir Humza Sohail Manesh kumar Gangwani Pratik Patel Sanjaya K Satapathy Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Internal Medicine Jacobi Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY 10461United States Department of Internal Medicine Saint Peter's University Hospital/Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States Department of Internal Medicine Quaid-e-Azam Medical CollegeBahawalpur 63100PunjabPakistan Department of Internal Medicine Samaritan Medical CentreWatertownMA 13601United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Department of Surgery New York University Winthrop HospitalNew YorkMineloaNY 11501United States Department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Department of Gastroenterology Mather Hospital/Hofstra University Zucker School of MedicineNY 11777United States Division of Hepatology Department of MedicineNorth Shore University HospitalManhassetNY 11030United States

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and it significantly contributes to the burden of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,there are marked variations in the incidence and mortality rates of HCC across different geographical *** the advent of new widely available treatment modalities,such as direct-acting antivirals,it is becoming increasingly imperative to understand the temporal and geographical trends in HCC mortality associated with Hepatitis ***,gender disparities in HCC mortality related to Hepatitis C are a crucial,yet underexplored aspect that adds to the disease's global *** some studies shed light on gender-specific trends,there is a lack of comprehensive data on global and regional mortality rates,particularly those highlighting gender *** gap in knowledge hinders the development of targeted interventions and resource allocation *** The results of our study show an overall decline in the mortality rates of patients with hepatitis C-related HCC over the last two ***,females exhibited a remarkable decrease in mortality compared to ***,East Asia and the Pacific displayed a significant decline in mortality,while Europe and Central Asia witnessed an upward *** America and the Caribbean also experienced an increase in mortality ***,no significant difference was observed in the Middle East and North *** America exhibited a notable upward *** Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa significantly declined throughout the study *** raises the hope of identifying areas for implementing more targeted *** some progress,multiple challenges remain in meeting the WHO 2030 goal of eliminating viral hepatitis[24].

关键词： Carcinoma Hepatocellular Antiviral agents Global Burden of Disease Quality indicators Health care Liver neoplasms Hepatitis C Chronic hepatitis C

Parallel inverter control using different conventional control methods and an improved virtual oscillator control method in a standalone microgrid

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2022年第1期7卷 393-405页

作者： vikash Gurugubelli Arnab Ghosh Anup kumar Panda Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaOdisha 769008India

Partly because of advances in power electronic converters,the share of renewable energy in power generation is steadily *** main medium of interface for integrating renewable energy sources to the utility grid is the power electronic *** oscillator control(VOC)is a time-domain approach for controlling parallel inverters in a standalone microgrid(MG).The concept is to simulate nonlinear deadzone oscillator dynamics in a system of invert-ers to ensure a stable AC MG in the absence of *** is a time-domain and self-synchronizing control-ler that simply requires the measurement of filter current,whereas traditional droop control and the virtual synchro-nous machine(VSM)require low pass filters for active and reactive power *** this work,a particle swarm optimization(PSO)-based VOC method(VOC-PSO)is proposed,in which the parameters of the VOC are designed using the PSO *** system performance using droop,VSM,VOC,and VOC-PSO controllers are investigated using MATLAB and Opal-RT real-time digital simulator *** results show that the proposed VOC-PSO gives improved performance over other control *** efficacy of the proposed VOC-PSO control method is also demonstrated by the experimental results.

关键词： VOC VSM Droop control Particle swarm optimization Parallel inverters Standalone microgrid

Joint Time-Frequency Analysis of Seismic Signals:A Critical Review

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2018年第2期12卷 65-83页

作者： Roshan kumar Wei Zhao vikash Singh Miami College of Henan University Henan475000China Yokohama University 24000Japan

This paper presents an evaluation of time-frequency methods for the analysis of seismic *** of the present work is to describe,how the frequency content of the signal is changing in *** theoretical basis of short time Fourier transform,Gabor transform,wavelet transform,S-transform,Wigner distribution,Wigner-Ville distribution,Pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution,Smoothed Pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution,Choi-William distribution,Born-Jordan Distribution and cone shape distribution are *** strengths and weaknesses of each technique are verified by applying them to a particular synthetic seismic signal and recorded real time earthquake data.

关键词： Time-frequency distribution Seismic signals Cross-term interference Autoterm Gabor transform Wigner-Ville distribution

Positive and negative effects of graphite flake and monolayer graphene oxide templates on protein crystallization

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Particuology 2023年第8期79卷 27-34页

作者： Zhichun Lin Wenqing Tian Yang Su vikash kumar Yadav Huaiyu Yang Department of Chemical Engineering Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE113TUUK Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen518055China Human Sciences Research Centre University of DerbyDE221GBUK

Heterogeneous template-induced nucleation is a promising way to regulate protein crystallization events and could be employed for purification processes and crystallographic *** crystallization process with graphite and graphene oxide,as heterogeneous templates,were *** than 640 hanging drops with different concentrations of Lysozyme(30,50,70,100 mg/mL)and NaCl(0.7,0.9,1.1,1.3,1.5 M)were crystallised at 4 ℃ with or without graphite/graphene oxide *** induction times and crystallization process were observed under the *** lysozyme in the solutions with graphite flakes nucleated faster under all the conditions than the lysozyme with equal experimental conditions without *** crystals preferred to grow around the edge of graphite flakes than on the flat *** the droplets with monolayer graphene oxide,more crystals appeared around gra-phene oxide particles,and the faster or slower nucleation processes with templates were dependent on the lysozyme and NaCl *** oxide templates strongly inhibited nucleation at high lysozyme concentrations but promoted nucleation at low lysozyme *** heterogeneous templates changed the crystal morphology and the crystallization *** crystals were observed in the solution with graphite templatesthan with graphene oxide templates and without any template.

关键词： Graphite Graphene oxide Protein crystallization Adsorption Heterogeneous nucleation Template technology

Oxygen isotope-salinity relation in an Arctic fjord(Kongsfjorden):Implications to hydrographic variability

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第6期9卷 1937-1943页

作者： Manish Tiwari Siddhesh Nagoji vikash kumar Shubham Tripathi Padmasini Behera National Centre for Polar&Ocean Research Vasco-da-GamaGoa 403804India

The global warming leads to a large freshwater influx into the Arctic Ocean, which has adverse implications to the sea-ice dynamics, ocean circulation, and acidification. The relationship between oxygen isotope ratio(δ^(18)O) and salinity(S) is helpful in exploring various hydrographic processes related to the freshwater influx and is also required to accurately determine past salinity variability using oxygen isotope ratio of the carbonates. In view of this, systematic measurements of δ^(18)O and salinity of water from an Arctic fjord(Kongsfjorden) were carried out during the summer season of 2013. Until now, the relationships between δ^(18)O and salinity from such fjords were based on a limited number of samples collected during a very short span of time and thus may not accurately represent the long-term conditions prevailing in the fjord. The present study determines a more representative δ^(18)O-salinity relationship as water samples from different depths and location over a long period were systematically collected. The water samples were collected from four different locations at different depths along the axis of the fjord representing the inner and outer fjords. The inner stations(1-8 and 1-6) exhibit lowerδ^(18)O values than the outer stations(1-1 and 1-3), which indicate the higher influence of freshwater from glacial melting in the inner stations. The δ^(18)O-salinity relationship from the inner and outer fjords yield a slope of 0.54(r^2 = 0.67, n = 56) and 0.39(r^2 = 0.66, n = 68), respectively. The δ^(18)O of freshwater influx in the fjord is estimated at-18.4‰, which is close to the widely accepted freshwater-δ^(18)O value of the Arctic basin. The δ^(18)O of glacial discharge, which is the largest source of freshwater influx to the fjord, is estimated at ca.-21.0‰, which will be useful for future freshwater budget calculations.

关键词： Arctic Fjord Oxygen isotopes Salinity Freshwater Melting

Methane hydrate formation and dissociation in synthetic seawater

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2012年第6期21卷 625-632页

作者： vikash kumar Saw Iqbal Ahmad Ajay Mandal G.Udayabhanu Sukumar Laik Gas Hydrate Laboratory Department of Petroleum Engineering Department of Applied Chemistry Indian School of Mines

The formation and dissociation of methane gas hydrate at an interface between synthetic seawater （SSW） and methane gas have been experimentally investigated in the present work. The amount of gas consumed during hydrate formation has been calculated using the real gas equation. Induction time for the formation of hydrate is found to depend on the degree of subcooling. All the experiments were conducted in quiescent system with initial cell pressure of 11.14 MPa. Salinity effects on the onset pressure and temperature of hydrate formation are also observed. The dissociation enthalpies of methane hydrate in synthetic seawater were determined by Clausius-Clapeyron equation based on the measured phase equilibrium data. The dissociation data have been analyzed by existing models and compared with the reported data.

关键词： methane hydrate formation and dissociation total dissolved salt induction time subcooling

Tibet's Development Is Beyond Imagination

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China News Release 2023年第8期 60-62页

作者： Singh vikash kumar the School of Asian Studies of the Beijing Foreign Studies University

When people think about Tibet,the first thing that springs to mind is that it is the“roof of the world.”Having heard of the title since I was a child,I always wanted to climb to the roof of the world for a panoramic ***,that dream gradually faded away until 2007—when I traveled to China for the first time,my interest in Tibet was rekindled.

关键词： travel Tibet Beyond