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j.urnal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第23期82卷 57-68页

作者： C.j.Barr K.Xia Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MelbourneVictoria3010Australia DMTC Ltd. 24 Wakefield St.HawthornVIC3122Australia

The influence of particle size and morphology on grain refinement in low stacking fault energy(SFE)alloys was studied by comparing the grain structures in single-and multi-phase Al-bronze(AB)alloys following equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)between 350 and 500℃.In particular,nickel aluminium bronze(NAB)was chosen as it contained both coarse and fine rounded particles,as well as a lamellar phase which evolved during *** refinement in the single-phase alloy was achieved through dynamic recrystallisation initiated at deformed twin *** contrast,different mechanisms were observed in the particle-containing *** around the coarseκⅡparticles(~5μm)was promoted through particle stimulated nucleation(PSN),whereas recrystallisation in the region of the fineκⅣ(~0.4μm)was delayed due to the activation of secondary *** refinement in areas of the lamellarκⅢshowed significant variation,depending on the lamellar orientation relative to the shear plane of *** the lamellae deformed,numerous high angle grain boundaries were generated between fragments and served as nucleation sites for recrystallisation,while PSN occurred around spheroidised *** spreading of theκⅢparticles by ECAP then enhanced the total area of recrystallised grains.

关键词： Equal channel angular pressing Copper alloys Grain refinement Stacking fault energy Severe plastic deformation

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临床医疗中利益冲突的管理:一项美国医学院校中相关政策的全国性调查

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中国医学人文评论 2014年 61-70页

作者： Susan Chimonas Lisa Patterson victoria H.Raveis David j.Rothman 胡林英美国哥伦比亚大学医学职业研究所纽约州立大学牙科学院

一、概况在过去的十年中,医学界的研究和媒体对临床中的利益冲突的关注日益增多。之前,人们主要关注的还是临床试验中的利益冲突问题[1-9]。而现在,我们开始关注利益冲突对医学临床的影响,这种新的兴趣反映了某些进展:首先,在20世纪90...

一、概况在过去的十年中,医学界的研究和媒体对临床中的利益冲突的关注日益增多。之前,人们主要关注的还是临床试验中的利益冲突问题[1-9]。而现在,我们开始关注利益冲突对医学临床的影响,这种新的兴趣反映了某些进展:首先,在20世纪90年代初,一系列研究表明,医药公司送给医生的礼品和酬金已经在深刻地影响着他们的信仰和行为[10,12,15-18]。其次,媒体无情地揭露医药公司和医生之间的紧密纽带是如何不正当地影响到了患者治疗[11,12,14,19]。再次,一系列备受关

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健康管理组织与制药产业:一项关于信息披露的分析

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中国医学人文评论 2014年 71-81页

作者： Sheila M.Rothman victoria H.Raveis Anne Friedman David j.Rothman 唐健美国哥伦比亚大学医学职业研究所

在对美国卫生政策最有影响力并最受公众信任的利益相关者中,各种健康管理组织(Health Advocacy Organization,HAO)是其中重要成员。他们致力于相关政策的制定,包括提高政府对医学研究的支持力度以及增强卫生保健服务的实效性。此外,HAO...

在对美国卫生政策最有影响力并最受公众信任的利益相关者中,各种健康管理组织(Health Advocacy Organization,HAO)是其中重要成员。他们致力于相关政策的制定,包括提高政府对医学研究的支持力度以及增强卫生保健服务的实效性。此外,HAO也为其成员谋求不受限地获得与他们健康状况匹配的药品与诊断工具。这些组织的立场同制药与医疗器械公司的市场营销目的密切相关,因为他们的立场有助于推动医疗产品的销售。虽然HAO与制药产业存在共同的

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The overview of antimicrobial peptide-coated implants against oral bacterial infections

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聚集体(英文)

聚集体(英文) 2023年第3期4卷 3-18页

作者： Zhe Sun Li Ma Xiaodong Sun Alastair j.Sloan Neil M.O’Brien-Simpson Wenyi Li Department of Stomatology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongChina Department of Endodontics Gaoxin branch of Jinan Stomatological HospitalJinanShandongChina Melbourne Dental School Division of Basic and Clinical Oral SciencesThe University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia ACTV Research Group Melbourne Dental SchoolDivision of Basic and Clinical Oral SciencesThe Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and BiotechnologyThe University of MelbourneCarltonVictoriaAustralia

Dental implants are the most common therapeutic approach for resolving tooth loss and *** technical advances in treatment,implant failure rates can be as high as 23%with the maj.r cause of peri-implantitis:a multi-species bacterial *** an annual growth rate in implant placements of 8.78%per annum,implant failure caused by bacterial infection is a significant oral and general health *** rise in antibiotic resistance in oral bacteria further adds pressure to implant failure;thus,there is a need for adj.nctive therapy to improve implant *** to the broad spectrum of activity and a low risk of inducing bacterial resistance,peptide antibiotics are emerging as a promising implant coating material to reduce/prevent peri-implantitis and improve dental implant success *** this review,we summarised the current strategies of coating antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)onto dental implant material surfaces with multi-functional properties to enhance osteoblast growth and prevent bacterial *** review compared the recent reported literature on dental implant coating with AMPs,which will provide an overview of the current dental implant coating strategies using AMPs and insights for future clinical applications.

关键词： antimicrobial coating antimicrobial peptides dental implants implant-associated infection peptide release peri-implant disease

Implications of Papyrus (<i>Cyperus papyrus</i>L.) Biomass Harvesting on Nutrient Regulation in Nyando Floodplain Wetland, Lake victoria, Kenya

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Open j.urnal of Ecology 2019年第10期9卷 443-457页

作者： P. j. K. Rongoei S. T. Kariuki Department of Environmental Sciences Egerton University Njoro Kenya Department of Biological Sciences Egerton University Njoro Kenya

Harvesting of papyrus biomass plays a significant role in regulating ecosystem services of which one of them is nutrient uptake and cycling. Despite Lake victoria’s wetlands being important, little is understood about its role in nutrient uptake and removal. Although there have been studies done in these wetlands, there is inadequate understanding on the implication of unselective biomass harvesting on the water quality of Lake Vitoria. At the same time, these wetlands are threatened by livelihood-related pressures which are driven by extreme hydrological regimes. This study focused on Nyando floodplain wetland located in the Eastern part of the shores of Lake victoria which is a lifeline to many rural communities living around the lake. Papyrus biomass harvesting was assessed in two study sites of Nyando wetland and at different seasons in order to determine its implication on nutrient regulating services. Participatory tools, field survey, observation, field measurements and laboratory analysis were used. Harvesting of papyrus removed 530.6 Kg N/g DM/ha/day and 97 Kg P/g DM/ha/day in Ogenya while 771.2 Kg N/g DM/ha/day and 109.2 Kg P/g DM/ha/day were removed in Wasare. However, addition of nutrients to the wetland may lead to the problem of eutrophication especially at the site where interaction of wetland and lake water occurs. Understanding the role of papyrus harvesting patterns is crucial for better planning and management of this complex resource in a changing environment.

关键词： Papyrus Biomass Growth Stages Nutrients Nyando Wetland Lake victoria

Predicting Levels of Crude Protein, Digestibility, Lignin and Cellulose in Temperate Pastures Using Hyperspectral Image Data

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2014年第7期5卷 997-1019页

作者： Susanne Thulin Michael j. Hill Alex Held Simon j.nes Peter Woodgate AusCover CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Canberra Australia Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information Carlton Australia Department of Earth System Science and Policy University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA Department of Geospatial Sciences RMIT Univer-sity Melbourne Australia Department of Geospatial Sciences RMIT University Melbourne Australia Brockmann-Geomatics Sweden AB Kista Sweden

Hyperspectral sensors provide the potential for direct estimation of pasture feed quality attributes. However, remote sensing retrieval of digestibility and fibre (lignin and cellulose) content of vegetation has proven to be challenging since tissue optical properties may not be propagated to the canopy level in mixed cover types. In this study, partial least squares regression on spectra from HyMap and Hyperion imagery were used to construct predictive models for estimation of crude protein, digestibility, lignin and cellulose concentration in temperate pastures. HyMap and Hyperion imagery and field spectra were collected over four pasture sites in southern victoria, Australia. Co-incident field samples were analyzed with wet chemistry methods for crude protein, lignin and cellulose concentration, and digestibility was calculated from fiber determinations. Spectral data were subset based on sites and time of year of collection. Reflectance spectra were extracted from the hyperspectral imagery and collated for analysis. Six different transformations including derivatives and continuum removal were applied to the spectra to enhance absorption features sensitive to the quality attributes. The transformed reflectance spectra were then subj.cted to partial least squares regression, with full cross-validation “leave-one-out” technique, against the quality attributes to assess effects of the spectral transformations and post-atmospheric smoothing techniques to construct predictive models. Model performance between spectrometers, subsets and attributes were assessed using a coefficient of variation (CV), —the interquantile (IQ) range of the attribute values divided by the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) from the models. The predictive models with the highest CVs were obtained for digestibility for all spectra types, with HyMap the highest. However, models with slightly lower CVs were obtained for crude protein, lignin and cellulose. The spectral regions for di

关键词： Pasture Quality Crude Protein Digestibility Lignin Cellulose Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Partial-Least Squares Regression

世界食物供应中亚油酸含量高对人体健康的影响

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粮油食品科技 2022年第3期30卷 23-32页

作者： Andrew j.SINCLAIR 莫纳什大学营养、膳食与食品系澳大利亚维多利亚州诺丁山3168

在过去的70年里,中国食物供应的常量营养素和膳食结构发生了巨大变化。脂肪(油)摄入增加了4.2倍以上,碳水化合物摄入下降了34%。植物油是摄入脂肪的主要来源,由于很多植物油富含亚油酸,所以亚油酸的消耗量也显著增长(增加了4倍)。亚油酸... 详细信息

在过去的70年里,中国食物供应的常量营养素和膳食结构发生了巨大变化。脂肪(油)摄入增加了4.2倍以上,碳水化合物摄入下降了34%。植物油是摄入脂肪的主要来源,由于很多植物油富含亚油酸,所以亚油酸的消耗量也显著增长(增加了4倍)。亚油酸(LA)在人体皮肤中发挥着重要作用,并且是前列腺素及其相关化合物的前体物质。现在人们亚油酸的摄入量远远超过了最低需求。综述摄入富含亚油酸的食物对关节炎和头痛、非酒精性脂肪肝和神经功能的影响,重点是来自亚油酸和其他长链多不饱和脂肪酸的脂质介质。当前,世界饮食结构造成膳食亚油酸与n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的不平衡,以及源自这些多不饱和脂肪酸的脂质介质的不平衡,这极易导致人体亚健康状态。

关键词：食物供应亚油酸多不饱和脂肪酸必需脂肪酸人体健康试验动物

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国际企业社会责任及其在菲律宾企业管理中的应用

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国际企业社会责任及其在菲律宾企业管理中的应用

作者： Delos Santos j.ssy Gabrielle j.（代捷思）福建师范大学

学位级别：硕士

当前,企业社会责任(CSR)在菲律宾的公司经营中还没有得到普遍的运用,企业社会责任可以使企业更有效地利用资源,因而被认为是企业实现可持续运行的一种良好形式,承担社会责任的企业可以更加积极地参与社会各项活动,并且可以使相关的企业... 详细信息

当前,企业社会责任(CSR)在菲律宾的公司经营中还没有得到普遍的运用,企业社会责任可以使企业更有效地利用资源,因而被认为是企业实现可持续运行的一种良好形式,承担社会责任的企业可以更加积极地参与社会各项活动,并且可以使相关的企业和社会活动参与者从中受益。本文立足三重底线理论对菲律宾一些跨国公司和国际企业的社会责任承担和实施情况进行调查分析,基于技术性贸易壁垒模型强调经济、社会、环境等因素也是企业应重点关注的重要领域。本文在借鉴弗吉尼亚·布劳恩(Virginia Braun)和维多利亚·克拉克(victoria Clarke)的理论基础上,实证分析了菲律宾跨国公司在履行社会责任方面不同的策略实施以及取得的成效。研究认为,国内企业与跨国公司在执行CSR计划方面有相同之处,也有不同之处,跨国公司执行CSR会对其他国家和地区产生积极影响。研究还认为,慈善和基于志愿者的企业社会责任倡议仅适合作为解决短期社会问题的方案,应依托更加可行的企业社会责任项目以产生长期影响。此外,在当今时代,仅将财政捐赠作为企业社会责任的一种形式是不够的,公司在企业社会责任工作中必须尝试创新并全面解决经济,社会和环境问题。因此,本文在菲律宾跨国公司实施企业社会责任方面存在问题和不足的基础上,制定相应的措施来应对挑战,更好地发挥跨国企业在社会责任实施在推动可持续经营好发展方面的重要作用。

关键词：企业社会责任跨国公司经营三重底线理论菲律宾

Acid-insoluble ash is a better indigestible marker than chromic oxide to measure apparent total tract digestibility in pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 64-71页

作者： Susanto Prawirodigdo Neil j.Gannon Brian j.Leury Frank R.Dunshea Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria3010Australia Balai Pengkaj.an Teknologi Pertanian Central j.va SemarangCentral Java50552Indonesia Biomin Singapore PO Box 2419ToowoombaQLD4350Australia Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUnited Kingdom

The aim of this study was to determine the apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of nutrients in cottonseed meal(CSM)and soybean meal(SBM)in simple carbohydrate and more complex wheat-based diets using 2 indigestible markers and total faecal ***-five Large White×Landrace boars(57.8 kg)were randomly allocated to either a pure wheat diet,40%CSM or SBM in either a sugar-starch-(1∶1)or wheat-based diet for 18 ***-insoluble ash(AIA)and chromic oxide(Cr2O3)were included in all diets as indigestible *** were offered(1,800 g/d per pig)in 3 meals/d from d 1 to 11 and 8 meals/d from d 12 to *** d 9,the pigs were moved to individual metabolism cages to allow total faecal *** d 18,the pigs were fed hourly for 8 *** the 8th meal,pigs were anaesthetized and digesta sampled from the terminal ileum and rectum before lethal *** were no differences between ATTD of nitrogen(N)determined using AIA as a marker and measured by total faecal *** the other hand,the ATrD of N of diets containing CSM in sugar-starch-or wheat-based diets and the pure wheat diet determined using Cr2O3 as a marker was less(-3.11%,-4.46%and-6.59%;P

关键词： Organic matter Pig Wheat Cottonseed meal Soybean meal Digestibility Nitrogen

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Numerical simulation on AC loss in REBCO tapes carrying non-sinusoidal currents

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Superconductivity 2023年第4期8卷 18-25页

作者： Katsuya Uej.ma Yueming Sun Daisuke Miyagi j.kub Glowacki Nicholas j.Long Zhenan j.ang Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chiba UniversityChiba 263-8522Japan Paihau-Robinson Research Institute Victoria University of WellingtonWellington 6140New Zealand

AC loss is one of the greatest obstacles for high‐temperature superconducting(HTS)*** some HTS applications,coated conductors carry non‐sinusoidal ***,it is important to investigate the effect of various waveforms on AC loss in coated *** this work,transport AC loss in a 4 mm‐wide REBCO coated conductor carrying sinusoidal and non‐sinusoidal currents,is numerically *** current amplitudes,the frequency of the transport current,and n‐value are ***‐sinusoidal transport current waveforms studied include square,five types of trapezoidal,and triangular *** results show that,for a given current amplitude,AC loss for the square current waveform is the greatest,that for the triangular waveform is the *** sequence of AC loss in the conductor for different current waveforms coincides with the penetration depth,which implies the penetration depth determines the AC loss of the coated ***,the transport AC loss in the conductor was found to decrease with frequency as f2=n for non‐sinusoidal transport current.

关键词： REBCO coated conductors AC loss Non‐sinusoidal current