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Efficient cold atom source from a single-layer atom chip

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第6期22卷 108-113页

作者： Petr Skakunenko Darya Bykova Anton Afanasiev Alexey Kalmykov Roman Kirtaev victor Balykin Institute of Spectroscopy Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology National Research university Higher School of Economics Emerging Technologies Research Center XPANCEO

We developed a new single-layer atom chip with an additional u-shaped current-carrying *** new u-shaped microwire creates optimized magnetic field distribution,which increases the trapping volume of a magneto-optical trap（MOT） near the *** approach allows one to localize more atoms,while a setup remains relatively simple （single-layer approach） and consumes low current （up to 10 A）. The total number of trapped87Rb atoms in our setup is 5×10～7.

关键词： Bose Einstein condensates Laser beams Laser cooling Optical clocks Quantum noise Rubidium

Digital Disparities:How Artificial Intelligence Can Facilitate Anti-Black Racism in the *** Sector

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2024年第1期12卷 40-50页

作者： Anthony victor Onwuegbuzia California State university Dominguez Hills Carsonthe United States

This paper delves into the intricate interplay between artificial intelligence(AI)systems and the perpetuation of Anti-Black racism within the united States medical *** the promising potential of AI to enhance healthcare outcomes and reduce disparities,there is a growing concern that these technologies may inadvertently/advertently exacerbate existing racial *** specifically on the experiences of Black patients,this research investigates how the following AI components:medical algorithms,machine learning,and natural learning processes are contributing to the unequal distribution of medical resources,diagnosis,and health care treatment of those classified as ***,this review employs a multidisciplinary approach,combining insights from computer science,medical ethics,and social justice theory to analyze the mechanisms through which AI systems may encode and reinforce racial *** dissecting the three primary components of AI,this paper aims to present a clear understanding of how these technologies work,how they intersect,and how they may inherently perpetuate harmful stereotypes resulting in negligent outcomes for Black ***,this paper explores the ethical implications of deploying AI in healthcare settings and calls for increased transparency,accountability,and diversity in the development and implementation of these ***,it is important that I prefer the following paper with a clear and concise definition of what I refer to as Anti-Black racism throughout the ***,I assert the following:Anti-Black racism refers to prejudice,discrimination,or antagonism directed against individuals or communities of African descent based on their *** involves the belief in the inherent superiority of one race over another and the systemic and institutional practices that perpetuate inequality and disadvantage for Black ***,I proclaim that this form of racism can be manifested

关键词： Bias in algorithms Racial disparities in u.S.healthcare Discriminatory healthcare practices Black patient outcomes Automated decision-making and racism Machine Learning Natural language processing

Two-step exhumation of Caucasian intraplate rifts:A proxy of sequential plate-margin collisional orogenies

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 68-84页

作者： William Cavazza Thomas Gusmeo Massimiliano Zattin victor Alania Onise Enukidze Sveva Corrado Andrea Schito Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesUniv.of BolognaItaly Department of Geosciences Univ.of PaduaItaly Institute of Geophysics I.Javakhishvili State UniversityTbilisiGeorgia Department of Sciences Roma Tre UniversityRomeItaly Department of Geology and Geophysics Univ.of AberdeenUnited Kingdom

Intraplate structural deformation is diagnostic of tectonic stress regime changes linked to plate interactions and can result from superposed tectonic events whose single contributions are hardly *** this paper,we present a set of integrated thermochronologic inverse models along a 140 km-long transect across the central Greater Caucasus and the adjacent Adjara-Trialeti fold-and-thrust belt of Georgia,two intraplate orogens produced by structural inversion of parallel continental rift zones located on the Eurasian *** dataset allows to distinguish discrete and superposed deformation episodes and quantify their respective contributions to orogenic *** integration of(u-Th)/He analysis on apatite and zircon,fission-track analysis on apatite,and peak-temperature determinations(clay mineralogy,organic matter petrography,Raman spectroscopy)shows that structural inversion was punctuated by two incremental steps starting respectively in the latest Cretaceous and the *** Cretaceous partial inversion of the Greater Caucasus is documented here for the first time and placed in a geographically wider context of coeval *** two episodes of intraplate structural inversion,exhumation,and sediment generation are chronologically and physically correlated with docking of(i)the Anatolide-Tauride-Armenian terrane(Late Cretaceous-Paleocene)and(ii)Arabia(Miocene hard collision)against the southern Eurasian plate *** deformation in the Caucasian domain was triggered by far-field propagation of plate-margin collisional stress which focused preferentially along rheologically weak rift zones.

关键词： Intraplate deformation Far-field tectonics Greater Caucasus Structural reactivation Terrane accretion

A new oxidative pathway of nitric oxide production from oximes in plants

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 178-198页

作者： Pedro Lopez-Gomez Javier Buezo Marina urra Alfonso Cornejo Raquel Esteban Jorge Fernandez de los Reyes Estibaliz urarte Estefania Rodriguez-Dobreva Alejandro Chamizo-Ampudia Alejandro Eguaras Sebastian Wolf Daniel Marino victor Martinez-Merino Jose F.Moran Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology(IMAB) Department of SciencesPublic University of Navarre(UPNA)Avda.de Pamplona 12331192 MutilvaSpain Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics(INAMAT2) Department of SciencesPublic University of Navarre(UPNA)Campus de Arosadia31006 PamplonaSpain Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Sarriena s/nApdo.64448080 BilbaoSpain Center for Plant Molecular Biology(ZMBP) University of TubingenGeschwister-Scholl-Platz72074 TubingenGermany Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca(IRNASA) Department of Plant-Microorganism InteractionsSpanish National Research Council(CSIC)Cordel de Merinas40-5237008SalamancaSpain Department of Biochemistry Area of Molecular BiologyVeterinary FacultyUniversity of LeonCampus de Vegazanas/n.24071 LeonSpain

Nitric oxide(NO)is an essential reactive oxygen species and a signal molecule in *** several studies have proposed the occurrence of oxidative NO production,only reductive routes for NO production,such as the nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))-upper-reductase pathway,have been evidenced to date in land ***,plants grown axenically with ammonium as the sole source of nitrogen exhibit contents of nitrite and NO3−,evidencing the existence of a metabolic pathway for oxidative production of *** hypothesized that oximes,such as indole-3-acetaldoxime(IAOx),a precursor to indole-3-acetic acid,are intermediate oxidation products in NO *** detected the production of NO from IAOx and other oximes catalyzed by peroxidase(POD)enzyme using both 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorescein fluorescence and *** stimulated the reaction,while superoxide dismutase inhibited ***,mouse NO synthase can also use IAOx to produce NO at a lower rate than *** provided a full mechanism for POD-dependent NO production from IAOx consistent with the experimental data and supported by density functional theory *** showed that the addition of IAOx to extracts from Medicago truncatula increased the in vitro production of NO,while in vivo supplementation of IAOx and other oximes increased the number of lateral roots,as shown for NO donors,and a more than 10-fold increase in IAOx dehydratase ***,we found that in vivo supplementation of IAOx increased NO production in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type plants,while prx33-34 mutant plants,defective in POD33-34,had reduced *** data show that the release of NO by IAOx,as well as its auxinic effect,explain the superroot ***,our study reveals that plants produce NO utilizing diverse molecules such as oximes,POD,and flavins,which are widely distributed in the plant kingdom,thus introducing a long-awaited oxidative pathway to NO production in plants.T

关键词： ammonium oxidation auxin nitric oxide oxime peroxidase root phenotype

Impact of payment source, referral site, and place of residence on outcomes after allogeneic transplantation in Mexico

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 76-87页

作者： Andrés Gómez-De León Yesica A López-Mora Valeria García-Zárate Ana Varela-Constantino Sergio u Villegas-De Leon Xitlaly J González-Leal Raúl del Toro-Mijares Anna C Rodríguez-Zúñiga Juan F Barrios-Ruiz victor Mingura-Ledezma Perla R Colunga-Pedraza Olga G Cantú-Rodríguez César H Gutiérrez-Aguirre Luz Tarín-Arzaga Elías E González-López David Gómez-Almaguer Hematology Service Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónFacultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr.JoséEleuterio GonzálezMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMexico Hemato-logy Service Clínica Gómez AlmaguerMonterrey 64710Nuevo LeónMexico Hematology Service Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de MonterreyTec SaludEscuela de Medicina Ignacio SantosMonterrey 64710Nuevo LeónMexico

BACKGROuND The impact of social determinants of health in allogeneic transplant recipients in low-and middle-income countries is poorly *** observational study analyzes the impact of place of residence,referring institution,and transplant cost coverage(out-of-pocket vs government-funded vs private insurance)on outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(alloHSCT)in two of Mexico's largest public and private *** To evaluate the impact of social determinants of health and their relationship with outcomes among allogeneic transplant recipients in *** In this retrospective cohort study,we included adolescents and adults≥16 years who received a matched sibling or haploidentical transplant from *** were selected without regard to their diagnosis and were sourced from both a private clinic and a public university Hospital in *** payment groups were compared:Out-of-pocket(OOP),private insurance,and a federal universal healthcare program“Seguro Popular”.Outcomes were compared between referred and institution-diagnosed patients,and between residents of Nuevo Leon and *** outcomes included overall survival(OS),categorized by residence,referral,and payment *** outcomes encompassed early mortality,event-free-survival,graft-versus-host-relapse-free survival,and non-relapse-mortality(NRM).Statistical analyses employed appropriate tests,Kaplan-Meier method,and Cox proportional hazard regression *** software included SPSS and R with tidycmprsk *** Our primary outcome was overall *** included 287 patients,n=164 who lived out of state(57.1%),and n=129 referred from another institution(44.9%).The most frequent payment source was OOP(n=139,48.4%),followed by private insurance(n=75,26.1%)and universal coverage(n=73,25.4%).No differences in OS,event-free-survival,NRM,or graft-versus-host-relapse-free survival were observed for patients dia

关键词： Hematopoietic cell transplant Social determinants of health Geography Haploidentical Out-of-pocket Financial toxicity Survival Health services and outcomes Hematopoietic malignancy Aplastic anemia

Nanoscale chemical imaging of individual chemotherapeutic cytarabineloaded liposomal nanocarriers

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Nano Research 2019年第1期12卷 197-203页

作者： Karin Wieland Georg Ramer victor u. weiss Guenter Allmaier Bemhard Lendl Andrea Centrone Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics Research Division EnvironmentalProcess Analytics and SensorsTU WienVienna 1060Austria Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics Research Division Instrumental and Imaging Analytical ChemistryTU WienVienna 1060Austria

Dosage of chemotherapeutic drugs is a tradeoff between efficacy and *** are nanocarriers that increase therapy efficacy and minimize side-effects by delivering otherwise difficult to administer therapeutics with improved efficiency and ***,variabilities in liposome preparation require assessing drug encapsulation efficiency at the single liposome level,an information that,for non-fluorescent therapeutic cargos,is inaccessible due to the minute drug load per *** induced resonance (PTIR) provides nanoscale compositional specificity,up to now,by leveraging an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip contacting the sample to transduce the sample's photothermal ***,on soft samples (e.g.,liposomes) PTIR effectiveness is reduced due to the likelihood of tip-induced sample damage and inefficient AFM ***,individual liposomes loaded with the chemotherapeutic drug cytarabine are deposited intact from suspension via nano-electrospray gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis (nES-GEMMA) collection and characterized at the nanoscale with the chemically-sensitive PTIR method.A new tapping-mode PTIR imaging paradigm based on heterodyne detection is shown to be better adapted to measure soft samples,yielding cytarabine distribution in individual liposomes and enabling classification of empty and drug-loaded *** measurements highlight PTIR capability to detect ~ 103 cytarabine molecules (~ 1.7 zmol) label-free and non-destructively.

关键词： tapping photothermal induced resonance (PTIR) nanoscale chemical imaging liposomes cytarabine drug delivery nanocarriers

An analysis of the Sao Silvestre race between 2007-2021:An increase in participation but a decrease in performance

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第4期5卷 277-282页

作者： Mabliny Thuany Douglas Vieira Elias Villiger Thayse Natacha Gomes Katja weiss Pantelis T.Nikolaidis Caio victor Sousa Volker Scheer Beat Knechtle CIFI2D Faculty of SportsUniversity of Porto4200-450PortoPortugal Post-Graduation Program of Physical Education Federal University of SergipeSao Cristovao-SEBrazil Institute of Primary Care University of Zurich8091ZurichSwitzerland Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences University of LimerickLimerickIreland School of Health and Caring Sciences University of West AtticaAthens12243AthensGreece Bouve College of Health Sciences Northeastern UniversityBostonMA02115USA ultra Sports Science Foundation 109 Boulevard de l'Europe69310Pierre-BeniteFrance Medbase St.Gallen Am Vadianplatz St.GallenSwitzerland

This study aimed to investigate the trends of finishers in the Sao Silvestre race in Brazil,taking into account sex,age,and performance levels.A total of 31775 runners(women,n=13847;men,n=17928),aged(45.2±16.8)years,finishers in the Sao Silvestre race between 2007 and 2021,were considered in the present ***(event year,date of birth,sex,and race times)were downloaded from the official race *** man-Whitney u test,Spearman correlation,and robust regression model were *** increased over time for both *** age groups,“31-40 years”(women)and“>60 years”(men)were those with the highest number of *** found a decrease in performance across the years(β=2.45;pu=42.844;put in general,the performance decreased(β=1.76;puld consider improving the strategies to improve women and young people's participation in running events.

关键词： Endurance Performance Sex differences

Arm PSA-Certified IoT Chip Security: A Case Study

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2023年第2期28卷 244-257页

作者： Fei Chen Duming Luo Jianqiang Li victor C.M.Leung Shiqi Li Junfeng Fan College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering the University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Open Security Research Inc.Shenzhen 518000China

With the large scale adoption of Internet of Things(IoT)applications in people’s lives and industrial manufacturing processes,IoT security has become an important problem *** security significantly relies on the security of the underlying hardware chip,which often contains critical information,such as encryption *** understand existing IoT chip security,this study analyzes the security of an IoT security chip that has obtained an Arm Platform Security Architecture(PSA)Level 2 *** analysis shows that the chip leaks part of the encryption key and presents a considerable security ***,we use commodity equipment to collect electromagnetic traces of the *** a statistical T-test,we find that the target chip has physical leakage during the AES encryption *** further use correlation analysis to locate the detailed encryption interval in the collected electromagnetic trace for the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)encryption *** the basis of the intermediate value correlation analysis,we recover half of the 16-byte AES encryption *** repeat the process for three different tests;in all the tests,we obtain the same result,and we recover around 8 bytes of the 16-byte AES encryption ***,experimental results indicate that despite the Arm PSA Level 2 certification,the target security chip still suffers from physical *** layer application developers should impose strong security mechanisms in addition to those of the chip itself to ensure IoT application security.

关键词： Internet of Things(IoT)security chip Arm Platform Security Architecture(PSA)certification electromagnetic side-channel attack Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)encryption key leakage

Cavitary Pulmonary Infarction Mimicking Koch’s Disease

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Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2022年第1期12卷 11-18页

作者： Emecheta G. Okwudire ugonna M. Ezenwugo JohnPatrick u. ugwoegbu Ifeanyi Isiozor victor E. Ofeimun uchechukwu u. Obiagwu Department of Radiology Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital (BMSH) Port-Harcourt Nigeria Department of Radiology Federal Medical Centre Owerri Nigeria

Pulmonary infarction (PI), defined as localized destruction (necrosis) of lung tissue due to obstruction of the arterial blood supply by an embolus, is a rare condition because of the dual blood supply of the lungs. It occurs more in elderly patients who typically have associated co-morbidities, such as chronic heart and lung disease, which affect blood circulation. Pulmonary infarction may present with chest pain, fast breathing, blood tinged cough and fever, resembling more common conditions such as bacterial pneumonia and tuberculosis. High index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis of this condition as mortality from this condition can be as high as 70%. We present a case of cavitary pulmonary infarction in a middle-aged female with no major risk factors for pulmonary embolism who was initially managed as a case of pulmonary tuberculosis. The clinical presentation, pathogenesis, imaging findings and management of PI have also been discussed. The purpose of this report is to increase the awareness of this less common condition among clinicians and highlight the radiologic differences between PI and the more common inflammatory diseases of the lung.

关键词： Pulmonary Embolism Infarction Haemoptysis Computed Tomography Tuberculosis