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New avenues for the treatment of immunotherapy-resistant pancreatic cancer

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1134-1153页

作者： Luis Guilherme de Oliveira silva Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos Marcel silva Luz Samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro Mariana dos Santos Calmon Gabriel Lima Correa Santos Gabriel Reis Rocha Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil

Pancreatic cancer(PC)is characterized by its extremely aggressive nature and ranks 14th in the number of new cancer cases ***,due to its complexity,it ranks 7th in the list of the most lethal cancers *** pathogenesis of PC involves several complex processes,including familial genetic factors associated with risk factors such as obesity,diabetes mellitus,chronic pancreatitis,and *** in genes such as KRAS,tP53,and SMAD4 are linked to the appearance of malignant cells that generate pancreatic lesions and,consequently,*** this context,some therapies are used for PC,one of which is immunotherapy,which is extremely promising in various other types of cancer but has shown little response in the treatment of PC due to various resistance mechanisms that contribute to a drop in immunotherapy *** is therefore clear that the tumor microenvironment(tME)has a huge impact on the resistance process,since cellular and non-cellular elements create an immunosuppressive environment,characterized by a dense desmoplastic stroma with cancerassociated fibroblasts,pancreatic stellate cells,extracellular matrix,and immunosuppressive *** to this are genetic mutations in tP53 and immunosuppressive factors that act on t cells,resulting in a shortage of CD8+t cells and limited expression of activation markers such as *** this way,finding new strategies that make it possible to manipulate resistance mechanisms is ***,techniques such as the use of tME modulators that block receptors and stromal molecules that generate resistance,the use of genetic manipulation in specific regions,such as microRNAs,the modulation of extrinsic and intrinsic factors associated with t cells,and,above all,therapeutic models that combine these modulation techniques constitute the promising future of PC ***,this study aims to elucidate the main mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy in PC and new ways of manipulating thi

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Immunotherapy Resistance tumor microenvironment manipulation Combined immunotherapy

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Sedimentary records of contaminant inputs in Frobisher Bay,Nunavut

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第2期18卷 28-42页

作者： Meaghan C.Bartley tommy tremblay Amila O.De silva CMichelle Kamula Stephen Ciastek Zou Zou A.Kuzyk Centre for Earth Observation Science Clayton H.Riddell Faculty of EnvironmentEarth and ResourcesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaR3T 2N2Canada Department of Environment and Geography Clayton H.Riddell Faculty of EnvironmentEarth and ResourcesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaR3T 2N2Canada Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office IqaluitNunavutX0A 0H0Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada BurlingtonOntarioL7S 1A1Canada Department of Earth Sciences Clayton H.Riddell Faculty of EnvironmentEarth and ResourcesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaR3T 2N2Canada

Contaminants,such as polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),heavy metals,and per and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs),primarily reach the Arctic through long-range atmospheric and oceanic ***,local sources within the Arctic also contribute to the levels observed in the environment,including legacy sources and new sources that arise from activities associated with increasing commercial and industrial *** City of Iqaluit in Frobisher Bay,Nunavut(Canada),has seen rapid population growth and associated development during recent decades yet remains a site of interest for ocean protection,where Inuit continue to harvest country *** the present study,seven dated marine sediment cores collected in Koojesse Inlet near Iqaluit,and from sites in inner and outer Frobisher Bay,respectively,were analyzed for total mercury(tHg),major and trace elements,PAHs,PCBs,and *** sedimentary record in Koojesse Inlet shows a period of Aroclor 1260-like PCB input concurrent with military site presence in the 1950e60s,followed by decades of input of pyrogenic PAHs,averaging about ten times background ***-surface sediments in Koojesse Inlet also show evidence of transient local-source inputs of tHg and PFASs,and recycling or continued slow release of PCBs from legacy land-based *** in PFAS congener composition clearly distinguish the local sources from long-range *** Koojesse Inlet but still in inner Frobisher Bay,9.2 km from Iqaluit,sediments showed evidence of both local source(PCB)and longrange *** outer Frobisher Bay,an up-core increase in tHg and PFASs in sediments may be explained by ongoing inputs of these contaminants from long-range *** context for ocean protection and country food harvesting in this region of the Arctic clearly involves both local sources and long-range transport,with past human activities leaving a long legacy insofar as levels of persistent o

关键词： Arctic sediments Mercury Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) Persistent organic pollutants(POPs)

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Influence of biological maturation on cardiac autonomic recovery in female volleyball players during&after repeated sprints training:An experimental trial

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第3期6卷 279-286页

作者： Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto Fernanda Cristina silva de Oliveira Jose Marcondes de Oliveira-Júnior Júlio Cesar Medeiros Alves Matheus de Lima Rocha Iago Medeiros da silva Roberto Felipe C^amara Rocha Paulo Moreira silva Dantas Breno Guilherme de Araújo tin^oco Cabral Health Sciences Center Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteCCS-UFRNNatal59012-570RNBrazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteDEF-UFRNNatal59078-970RNBrazil

Previously,it was suggested that biological maturation(BM)could be linked to cardiac autonomic recovery(CAR)in the pediatric ***,this influence hasn’t been confirmed *** aim was to investigate the impact of BM on CAR in female volleyball *** study with a sample of 38 volleyball players,comprising 20 girls(age:[11.62.1]years)and 18 women(age:[24.55.5]years),we analyzed BM,comparing maturing subjects(girls)with mature subjects(women).Additionally,we assessed peak height velocity(PHV)in *** conducted a training session involving repeated sprints(3 rounds of 6 sprints interspersed by 5 min[min]of passive rest).Using short-range radio telemetry,we analyzed CAR during(at the end of the 1st and 2nd rounds)and after(following the 3rd round)the training session of repeated sprints by applying the 60-s to 300-s heart rate recovery index(HRR-Index).Girls exhibited superior CAR compared to women(round 2:60-s,120-s,240-s,and 300-s,pted that individuals in the Late-PHV stage demonstrated superior CAR compared to those in the Early-PHV and During-PHV groups.(60-s to 300-s,η2p>0.4,pts in the During-PHV stage were superior to those in the Early-PHV stage(240-sa 300-s,η2 p>0.4,pthat biological maturation has a significant impact on cardiac autonomic recovery.

关键词： Exercise Sport Volleyball Heart rate Pediatric

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Immune response to inactivated bacterial vector carrying the recombinant K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 199-206页

作者： Lucelina S.Araújo Bruno B.silva Eduarda N.F.N.Santos Arnaldo S.Bezerra Samuel S.Frota Assis R.Montenegro Eridan O.P.t.Florean Maurício Fvan tilburg Maria Izabel F.Guedes Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Northeast Biotechnology NetworkState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine State University of CearáFortalezaBrazil

Objective:to evaluate the immunological response elicited by an inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum,and a purified ***:Mice were subjected to the following treatments:(1)Purified recombinant K39(rK39)protein at a 20μg dose with complete Freund’s adjuvant;(2)Inactivated Escherichia coli(BL21 DE3)carrying the K39 protein at an equivalent total protein content of 200μg;(3)Inactivated bacteria lacking the K39 protein;(4)Non-immunized control *** monitoring was *** groups were challenged by intraperitoneal injection of 10^(7) Leishmania infantum *** euthanasia,the liver and spleen were collected to analyze the levels of tNF,IFN-γ,IL-12,IL-4,and ***:Mice immunized with purified rK39 or the inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum showed a long-lasting immune response with high levels of polyclonal antibodies specifically recognizing the recombinant *** IgG1 subclass was the predominant immunoglobulin;however,the induction of IgG2a and the profile of cytokines produced were indicative of the induction of a mixed-type ***:the inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen,as well as the purified antigen can induce a long-lasting immune response in immunized mice,predominantly favouring a th2 profile response.

关键词： Visceral leishmaniasis K39 Inactivated bacterial vector Vaccine Immune response th1 th2 Leishmania infantum

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What is the effect of tribulus terrestris on testicular morphology and sperm production?An experimental study in the rat model

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 67-70页

作者： Marcello Henrique Araujo Da silva Gabriela Faria Buys-Goncalves Joao Henrique Duque Reis Estrada Francisco Jose Barcellos Sampaio Diogo Benchimol de Souza Urogenital Research Unit Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro 20551-030RJBrazil

the objective of this study was to investigate whether treatment with tribulus terrestris(tt)has any impact on the testicular morphology and function in a rodent *** male rats were divided into a control group and a group receiving 100 mg kg^(-1) body weight of tt *** 4o days of experiment,the animals were submitted to euthanasia;epididymal tail spermatozoa were collected;and spermatozoa concentration,motility,and viability were *** addition,testicles were collected and processed for histomorphometrical *** were compared using the Student's t-test and considered significant when Ptration,motility,and viability showed no difference between the ***,testicular weight and volume,seminiferous tubule diameter,tunica propria surface density,seminiferous epithelium surface density,and intertubular compartment surface density were statistically similar between the ***,seminiferous epithelium height and tubular lumen surface density were augmented in animals treated with *** with tt does not cause a major impact on testicular morphology,promoting only subtle *** difference on spermatozoa parameters was observed.

关键词： morphometry testicle tribulus terrestris

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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIEtA Bruna da silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CAStRO JoséJúlio DE tOLEDO Gustavo GRACIOLLI Lucio AndréVIANA DIAS William Douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil terrestrial Ecology Group(tEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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Machine learning applied to road safety modeling:A systematic literature review

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Journal of traffic and transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第6期7卷 775-790页

作者： Philippe Barbosa silva Michelle Andrade Sara ferreira Department of Civil Engineering Goiano Federal Institute-Rio Verde CampusRio Verde 75901-970Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of BrasiliaBrasilia 70910-900Brazil Research Centre for territory Transports and EnvironmentUniversity of PortoPorto 4200-465Portugal

Road safety modeling is a valuable strategy for promoting safe mobility,enabling the development of crash prediction models(CPM)and the investigation of factors contributing to crash *** modeling has traditionally used statistical techniques despite acknowledging the limitations of this kind of approach(specific assumptions and prior definition of the link functions),which provides an opportunity to explore alternatives such as the use of machine learning(ML)*** study reviews papers that used ML techniques for the development of CPM.A systematic literature review protocol was conducted,that resulted in the analysis of papers and their *** types of models were identified:crash frequency,crash classification by severity,and crash frequency and *** first is a regression problem,the second,a classificatory one and the third can be approached either as a combination of the preceding two or as a regression model for the expected number of crashes by severity *** main groups of techniques used for these purposes are nearest neighbor classification,decision trees,evolutionary algorithms,support-vector machine,and artificial neural *** last one is used in many kinds of approaches given the ability to deal with both regression and classification problems,and also multivariate response *** paper also presents the main performance metrics used to evaluate the models and compares the results,showing the clear superiority of the ML-based models over the statistical *** addition,it identifies the main explanatory variables used in the models,which shows the predominance of road-environmental aspects as the most important factors contributing to crash *** review fulfilled its objective,identifying the various approaches and the main research characteristics,limitations,and opportunities,and also highlighting the potential of the usage of ML in crash analyses.

关键词： transportation engineering Road safety modeling Crash prediction Crash injury severity Machine learning Systematic literature review

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Gut microbiome:A revolution in typeⅡdiabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1874-1888页

作者： Madhan Jeyaraman tejaswin Mariappan Naveen Jeyaraman Sathish Muthu Swaminathan Ramasubramanian Gabriel silva Santos Lucas Furtado da Fonseca JoséFábio Lana Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Brazilian Institute of Regenerative MedicineIndaiatuba 13334-170São PauloBrazil Department of Orthopaedics Orthopaedic Research GroupCoimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of Community Medicine Government Stanley Medical College and HospitalChennai 600001Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennai 600002Tamil NaduIndia

typeⅡdiabetes mellitus(t2DM)has experienced a dramatic increase globally across countries of various income levels over the past three *** persistent prevalence of t2DM is attributed to a complex interplay of genetic and environmental *** numerous pharmaceutical therapies have been developed,there remains an urgent need for innovative treatment approaches that offer effectiveness without significant adverse *** this context,the exploration of the gut microbiome presents a promising *** has increasingly shown that the gut microbiome of individuals with t2DM exhibits distinct differences compared to healthy individuals,suggesting its potential role in the disease’s pathogenesis and *** emerging field offers diverse applications,particularly in modifying the gut environment through the administration of prebiotics,probiotics,and fecal microbiome *** interventions aim to restore a healthy microbiome balance,which could potentially alleviate or even reverse the metabolic dysfunctions associated with *** current results from clinical trials have not yet shown dramatic effects on diabetes management,the groundwork has been laid for deeper *** and future clinical trials are critical to advancing our understanding of the microbiome’s impact on *** further elucidating the mechanisms through which microbiome alterations influence insulin resistance and glucose metabolism,researchers can develop more targeted *** potential to harness the gut microbiome in developing new therapeutic strategies offers a compelling prospect to transform the treatment landscape of t2DM,potentially reducing the disease’s burden significantly with approaches that are less reliant on traditional pharmaceuticals and more focused on holistic,systemic health improvements.

关键词： typeⅡdiabetes Gut microbiome Probiotics Prebiotics Fecal microbiota transplantation

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Siderophore-Producing Rhizobacteria as a Promising tool for Empowering Plants to Cope with Iron Limitation in Saline Soils:A Review

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Pedosphere 2019年第4期29卷 409-420页

作者： Maria J.ferreira Helena silva Angela CUNHA Biology Department and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies(CESAM) University of Aveiro Campus de Santigo

Iron(Fe) bioavailability to plants is reduced in saline soils;however, the exact mechanisms underlying this effect are not yet completely understood. Siderophore-expressing rhizobacteria may represent a promising alternative to chemical fertilizers by simultaneously tackling salt-stress effects and Fe limitation in saline soils. In addition to draught, plants growing in arid soils face two other major challenges: high salinity and Fe deficiency. Salinity attenuates growth, affects plant physiology, and causes nutrient imbalance,which is, in fact, one of the major consequences of saline stress. Iron is a micronutrient essential for plant development, and it is required by several metalloenzymes involved in photosynthesis and respiration. Iron deficiency is associated with chlorosis and low crop productivity. the role of microbial siderophores in Fe supply to plants and the effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) on the mitigation of saline stress in crop culture are well documented. However, the dual effect of siderophore-producing PGPR, both on salt stress and Fe limitation, is still poorly explored. this review provides a critical overview of the combined effects of Fe limitation and soil salinization as challenges to modern agriculture and intends to summarize some indirect evidence that argues in favour of siderophore-producing PGPR as biofertilization agents in salinized soils. Recent developments and future perspectives on the use of PGPR are discussed as clues to sustainable agricultural practices in the context of present and future climate change scenarios.

关键词： aridity bioavailability biofertilizer Fe deficiency high salinity plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) saline stress soil salinization

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NDRank: optimised parallel search for weather analogues

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Big Earth Data 2023年第2期7卷 276-297页

作者： David Martins Miguel ferreira João Nuno silva Instituto Superior técnico Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal Caravela Energy Partners DarienConnecticutUSA Distributed Parallel and Secure Systems GroupINESC-ID LisboaLisboaPortugal

Global meteorology data are now widely used in various areas, but one of its applications, weather analogues, still require exhaustive searches on the whole historical data. We present two optimisations for the state-of-the-art weather analogue search algorithms: a parallelization and a heuristic search. the heuristic search (NDRank) limits of the final number of results and does initial searches on a lower resolution dataset to find candidates that, in the second phase, are locally validated. these optimisations were deployed in the Cloud and evaluated with ERA5 data from ECMWF. the proposed parallelization attained speedups close to optimal, and NDRank attains speedups higher than 4. NDRank can be applied to any parallel search, adding similar speedups. A substantial number of executions returned a set of analogues similar to the existing exhaustive search and most of the remaining results presented a numerical value difference lower than 0.1%. the results demonstrate that it is now possible to search for weather analogues in a faster way (even compared with parallel searches) with results with little to no error. Furthermore, NDRank can be applied to existing exhaustive searches, providing faster results with small reduction of the precision of the results.

关键词： Multidimensional arrays weather analogues search parallel computing algorithm optimisation

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