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A screen-printed, amperometric biosensor for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water samples

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2012年第5期24卷 956-962页

作者： raju sekar Department of Biological sciences Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University

An amperometric biosensor based on screen-printed electrodes （sPEs） was developed for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water samples. The extent of acetylcholinesterase （AChE） deactivation was determined and quantified for pesticide concentrations in water samples. An enzyme immobilization adsorption procedure and polyacrylamide gel matrix polymerization were used for fabrication of the biosensor, with minimal losses in enzyme activity. The optimal conditions for enzyme catalytic reaction on the sPEs surfaces were acetylthiocholine chloride （ATChCl） concentration of 5 mmol/L, pH 7 and reaction time of 4 min. The detection limits for three organophosphorus pesticides （dichlorvos, monocrotophs and parathion） were in the range of 4 to 7 μg/L when an AChE amount of 0.1 U was used for immobilization.

关键词： organophosphorus pesticides acetylcholinesterase enzyme immobilization screen-printed electrodes biosensor

Finite element solution of heat and mass transfer flow with Hall current,heat source,and viscous dissipation

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2013年第5期34卷 559-570页

作者： s.sIVAIAH R.sRINIVAsA-raju Department of Mathematics Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management University Department of Mathematics Padmasri Bhupathi Raju Vissam Raju Institute of Technology

The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of heat and mass transfer on the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic free convective flow with Hall current, heat source, and viscous dissipation. The problem is governed by the system of coupled non-linear partial differential equations whose exact solution is difficult to obtain. Therefore, the problem is solved by using the Galerkin finite element method. The effects of the various parameters like Hall current, Eckert number, heat source parameter, Prandtl number, and schmidt number on the velocity components, the temperature, and the concentration are also examined through graphs.

关键词： heat and mass transfer Hall current viscous dissipation heat generation

Influence of variables in deep drawing of AA 6061 sheet

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals society of China 2010年第10期20卷 1856-1862页

作者： s.raju G.GANEsAN R.KARTHIKEYAN Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Department of Mechanical Engineering

Deep drawing is one of the most important processes for forming sheet metal *** is widely used for mass production of cup shapes in automobile,aerospace and packaging *** drawing,besides its importance as forming process,also serves as a basic test for the sheet metal *** effect of equipment and tooling parameters results in complex deformation *** of thickness variation in the formed part may cause stress concentration and may lead to acceleration of *** TAGUCHI's signal-to-noise ratio,it is determined that the die shoulder radius has major influence followed by blank holder force and punch nose radius on the thickness distribution of the deep drawn cup of AA 6061 *** optimum levels of the above three factors,for the most even wall thickness distribution,are found to be punch nose radius of 3 mm,die shoulder radius of 8 mm and blank holder force of 4 kN.

关键词： deep drawing aluminium alloy thickness distribution signal to noise ratio

Effect of wall temperature modulation on the heat transfer characteristics of droplet-train flow inside a rectangular microchannel

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第3期28卷 685-697页

作者： Vivekanand s.V.B.,raju V.R.K. Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangalTelangana 506004India

The numerical studies of water–oil two-phase slug flow inside a two-dimensional vertical microchannel subjected to modulated wall temperature boundary conditions have been discussed in the present *** researchers have contributed their efforts in exploring the characteristics of Taylor flows inside microchannel under constant wall heat flux or isothermal wall ***,there is no study available in the literature which discusses the impact of modulated thermal wall boundary conditions on the heat transfer behavior of slug flows inside ***,to bridge this gap,an effort has been made to understand the heat transfer characteristics of the flow under sinusoidal wall temperature ***,a single phase flow and heat transfer study was performed in microchannels,and the results of the fully developed velocity profile and heat transfer rate were validated with benchmark analytical *** an optimal selection of the combination of sinusoidal thermal wall boundary conditions has been made for the two-phase slug flow ***,the effects of amplitude(0 bεb 0.03)and frequency(0 bωb 750πrad·s-1)of the sinusoidal wall temperature profile on the heat transfer have been studied using the optimal combination of the wall boundary *** results of the numerical study using modulated temperature conditions on channel walls showed a significant improvement in the heat transfer over liquid-only flow by approximately 50%as well as over two-phase flow without wall temperature *** non-dimensional temperature contours obtained for different cases of temperature modulation clearly explain the root cause of such improvement in the heat ***,the results based on the hydrodynamics of the flow have also been reported in terms of variation of droplet shapes and film *** influence of Capillary number on the film thickness as well as heat transfer rates has also been *** addition,the measured fil

关键词： Heat transfer Microchannel Modulation surface tension Taylor flow

Assessment of Cross-coupling Effects in PV string-integrated-converters with P&O MPPT Algorithm Under Various Partial shading Patterns

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CsEE Journal of Power and Energy systems 2022年第4期8卷 1013-1028页

作者： suneel raju Pendem suresh Mikkili the Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department National Institute of Technology GoaPonda 403401India

A signifcant challenge in the progress and development of Building-Integrated-Photovoltaic(B-I-PV)systems is concerned with the extraction of maximum power from PV *** PV system archtecture is an essential feature to extract the maximum *** conventional PV-centralinverter architecture consists of various connections among the PV modules,which are sensitive to shading effects and pro-duces mismatching power loss under partial shading conditions(PsCs),Hence,photovoltaic-distributed-maximum power point tracking(PV-D-MPPT)architecture has been proposed to extract the maximum ***-1 D-MPPT architecture,the output terminals of DC-DC converters are connected either in series or parallel *** main limitation of the series configuration in open-loop MPPT control is the crosscoupling *** of cross-coupling effects,the maximum-power-point(M-P-P)operation of shaded PV modules is lost under *** lost in M-P-P operation of shaded PV module also affects the unshaded modules M-P-P *** crosscoupling ffeets,the DC-DC converters are consuming the power instead of delivering to the *** the research activity,there are hardly any papers presenting a clear,comprehensive and mathematical analysis on the existence of cross-couplings in PV string-integrated-converters(s-1-Cs).This article presents a mathematical analysis and also explains the conditions for the existent of cross-coupling *** experimental results also validate with the mathematically analysed *** article also discusses the modeling of the two-diode model of PV module,design of boost type s-1C,and the Perturb and Observe(P&O)MPPT algorithm implementation.

关键词： Cross-coupling ffects mismatching power loss partial shading conditions(PsCs) PV-central-inverter architecture PV-D-MPPT architecture s-I-Cs series configuration

Neuroprotective role of protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B in rod photoreceptor neurons

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Protein & Cell 2013年第12期4卷 890-892页

作者： raju V.s.Rajala Ammaji Rajala Department of Ophthalmology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma 73104USA Department of Physiology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma 73104USA Department of Cell Biology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOklahoma 73104USA Dean A.McGee Eye Institute Oklahoma CityOklahoma 73104USA

Dear Editor,Protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B(PT-P1B)is an abundant,widely expressed non-receptor tyrosine phosphatase,which is thought to be a key negative regulator of insulin signaling(Tonks,2003).Increased and prolo... 详细信息

关键词： PTP1B insulin of

Hydrothermal Hgbomite Associated with Vanadiferous-Titaniferous(V-Ti) Bearing Magnetite Bands in Bhakatarhalli Chromite Mine, Nuggihalli Greenstone Belt, Western Dharwar Craton, Karnataka, India

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Acta Geologica sinica(English Edition) 2014年第3期88卷 845-853页

作者： raju V.s.PERUMALA Roland K.W.MERKLE National Geophysical Research Institute PO Box 724 Hyderabad India (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) Department of Geology University of Pretoria

Hogbomite,a rare exotic mineral,is found to be associated with the vanadiferous-titaniferous （V-Ti） bearing magnetite bands at Bhakatarhalli,Nuggihaifi greenstone belt,western Dharwar Craton,*** report on a second occurrence of hogbomite from the Dharwar craton in Karnataka,which is the sixth documented occurrence of this mineral from *** evaluate the chemical characteristics of hogbomite and associated Fe-Ti-minerals in an attempt to identify its formation as a primary hydrothermal mineral in a metamorphosed magnetite *** report here the presence of hogbomite as a complex oxide of Fe,Mg,Al and Ti with accessory of Zn,V and *** studies suggest the （V-Ti） bearing magnetite （Mt） contain spinel,hogbomite,chlorite,martite,ilmenite （Ⅱ） and minor amounts of *** hogbomite displays euhedral to subhedral textures,and is up to 250 μm along the grain boundaries of magnetite and *** the samples studied,hogbomite is prismatic,irregular and elongated in *** genesis of hogbomite in veins between magnetite and ilmenite implies its precipitation from fluids without involving complicated *** models were proposed for the formation of hogbomite; however,the subject is still debatable.

关键词： Hogbomite western Dharwar craton vanadium magnetite EPMA India

Design of a robust PID-Pss for an uncertain power system with simplified stability conditions

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Protection and Control of Modern Power systems 2020年第1期5卷 222-237页

作者： Vijaya Lakshmi A.s.V Ramalinga raju Manyala siva Kumar Mangipudi Department of EEE G.V.P College of Engineering for WomenVisakhapatnamIndia Department of EEE JNTU KakinadaKakinadaIndia Department of EEE Gudlavalleru Engineering CollegeGudlavalleruAndhra PradeshIndia

In a deregulated power system uncertainty exists and lack of sufficient damping can lead to Low FrequencyOscillations (LFO). The problem can be addressed using robust Power system stabilizers (Pss). In this paper, anoptimal procedure to design a robust PID-Pss using interval arithmetic for the single Machine Infinite Bus (sMIB)power system is proposed. The interval modelling captures the wide variations of operating conditions in boundsof system coefficients. In the proposed design procedure, simple and new closed loop stability conditions for ansMIB interval system are developed and are used to design an optimum PID-Pss for improving the performance ofan sMIB system. The optimum PID-Pss is attained by tuning the parameters using the FMINCON tool provided inMATLAB. The robustness of the proposed PID-Pss design is validated and compared to other notable methods inthe literature when the system is subjected to different uncertainties. The simulation results and performance errorvalues show the effectiveness of the proposed robust PID-Pss controller.

关键词： Low frequency oscillations Uncertainty Power system stabilizer Robust controller Interval systems

Kinetic-theory-based investigation of electronegative plasma–wall transition with two populations of electrons

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Plasma science and Technology 2021年第3期23卷 11-21页

作者： suresh BAsNET Atit DEUJA raju KHANAL Central Department of Physics Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipurKathmandu 44613Nepal

Kinetic theory has been employed to investigate the magnetized plasma-sheath structure and its characteristics in the presence of more than one species of negatively charged particles:hot electrons,cold electrons,and negative *** cold electrons and negative ions are considered to obey a Maxwellian distribution,whereas the hot electrons follow a truncated Maxwellian *** Bohm sheath condition has been extended for the case of more than one species of negatively charged particles,in which the concentration of hot electrons has a crucial role in achieving the Bohm *** thermal motion of hot electrons is much higher compared to cold electrons and negative ions,such that the variation of hot electron concentrations and the temperature ratio of hot to cold electrons play a key role in the determination of the plasma-sheath parameters:particle densities,electrostatic potential,the flow of positive ions towards the wall,and sheath *** have estimated the deviation of the resultant drift velocity of positive ions on the plane perpendicular to the wall from the parallel component at the presheath–sheath *** is found that the deviation between the two velocity components increases with an increase in the obliqueness of the magnetic ***,the results obtained from the kinetic trajectory simulation model are compared with the results obtained using a fluid model;the results are qualitatively similar,although the potential varies by less than 4%in terms of the magnitude at the wall.

关键词： Bohm velocity fluid theory plasma sheath electronegative plasmas