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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第5期5卷 800-805页

作者： Milena Králí?ková vaclav vetvicka Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine Charles University Plzen CZ-301 00 Czech Republic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital Faculty of Medicine Charles University Plzen CZ-301 66 Czech Republic Biomedical Centre Faculty of Medicine in Plzen Charles University Plzen CZ-301 66 Czech Republic Department of Pathology University of Louisville Louisville KY 40202 United States

Endometriosis is the leading cause of morbidity among premenopausal women and the complex pathogenesis of this disease remains controversial despite extensive research. This disease represents one of the most common gynecological problems. It is generally believed that this disease is due primarily to retrograde menstruation or transplantation of shed endometrium. Based on overwhelming data, ovarian endometrioma is considered a neoplastic process, since most endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma occur in the presence of atypical ovarian endometriosis. A study comparing patients with typical epithelial ovarian cancer with endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer demonstrated that the patients with the latter disease strongly differ in both biological and histological characteristics. The prevelance of this disease is not completely established, but approximately 15 percent of women suffer from this disease. In addition, we know about the possible links between endometriosis and cancer for almost 100 years. Despite clear evidence revealing that endometriosis increases ovariancancer risks, it is possible that it may not affect disease progression after the appearance of ovarian cancer. However, despite clear evidence revealing that endometriosis increases ovarian cancer risk, our knowledge of the risk factors is far from established. In our review, we focused on the most recent approaches including possible biomarkers and genetic approaches.

关键词： Endometriosis Ovarian cancer Biomarkers Cancer Histology

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Direct comparison of immunological effects of various nutritional supplements

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临床与病理杂志 2021年第12期41卷 2747-2755页

作者： vaclav vetvicka Department of Pathology University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA

Objective:Immunonutrition represents a diet based on the knowledge of basic principles of the immune system and its *** numerous claims,the direct comparison of the immunostimulating effects of natural modulators is limited,making any conclusions *** study focused on most common vitamins and immunonutrients and directly compared their effects on various branches of the immune ***:In this study we used a mouse model to evaluate various aspects of immune reactions,namely phagocytic activity,IL-2 secretion,NK cell activity,antibody formation and growth of breast cancer in order to find out the possible effects of six different immunonutrients and their ***:We found that glucan was in all tests the most active *** effects were observed only in glucan-selenium and glucan-vitamin C *** rest of immunonutrients had only small activity or no activity at ***:Based on our results,we concluded that most of vitamins and minerals have only limited,if any,effects on immune activities including *** current study managed to confirm synergistic effects of the beta glucan-vitamin C and beta-glucan-selenium *** studies on possible positive or negative effects of such combination and on mechanisms of action are important.

关键词： vitamin C vitamin D vitamin B6 glucan selenium zinc

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Glucan-immunostimulant,adjuvant,potential drug

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2011年第2期2卷 115-119页

作者： vaclav vetvicka Department of Pathology University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40202United States

β-glucans belong to a group of biologically active natural compounds called biological response *** substances represent highly conserved structural components of cell walls in fungi,yeast,grain and *** almost 160 years of intensive research,the exact mechanisms of their action remain *** significant role of glucans in cancer treatment,infection immunity,stress reduction and restoration of damaged bone marrow has already been *** present review focuses on the various less known but potentially significant roles glucans might play in *** summary,glucan might represent the most important natural immunomodulator.

关键词： Biological Response Modifiers Cancer CR3 Glucan Immunity Immunomodulators Resveratrol

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Low levels of vitamin D in population exposed to significant pollution

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临床与病理杂志 2022年第1期42卷 1-8页

作者： Josef Richter vaclav vetvicka Stanislava Richterova Usti nad Labem Zdravotniústav se sídlem v Usti nad Labem Usti nad LabemCzech Republic Department of Pathology University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA Usti nad Labem Zdravotni pojistovnaUsti nad LabemCzech Republic

Background:In recent years,monitoring of vitamin D levels and possible use of supplementation is gaining *** studies showed low levels of vitamin D in winter months followed by improvement during *** changes are mostly dependent on the level of sun exposure,but also on geographical location,genetic factors,social-economic status,quality of nutrition and environmental *** this observation we found significant decrease in vitamin D levels I populations exposed to extreme environmental pollution in area of central *** region is known for extreme burden from microparticles originating in chemical industry,surface coal mining and cold-based power ***:Vitamin D levels in all patients was determined by ***:Using 540 patients in our Department of clinical immunology and allergology we measured the levels of vitamin D in 2016 to 2021 *** only 4 patients(0.74%)we found vitamin D levels higher than 30 ng/*** curve of observed values does not reflect dependency on sun exposure and does not change during the ***:We discuss the effect of environmental contaminants,lifestyle and economic and social *** our observations,we propose to directly supplement population with vitamin D,particularly children and seniors.

关键词： vitamin D pollution environment

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Cathepsin D: Autoantibody profiling as a diagnostic marker for cancers

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2013年第1期4卷 1-3页

作者： vaclav vetvicka Martin Fusek Department of Pathology University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40202United States Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Institute of Chemical Technology166 28 PragueCzech Republic

Current diagnostic assays for many cancers are antigen-based and rely on the detection of circulating proteins that are associated with a particular *** assays depend on the expression,synthesis,and release of specific proteins by cells(e.g.,tumor cells)through either active secretion or shedding,or as a consequence of cell death(either necrosis or apoptosis).As such,these antigenic proteins must“escape”the primary site of disease,saturate the antigen-processing capacity of the individual’s immune components,gain access to the circulation,and reach a sufficient steady-state concentration to be detected by enzyme-or radiolabel-based *** events usually occur after the initial establishment of ***,and despite the fact that certain specific antigenic epitopes exhibit common recognition among patients with the same tumor types,the use of these antigen-based cancer assays has not been widely accepted in clinical practice,and many individual countries differ in the use of these potential diagnostic ***,an increasing number of studies demonstrated that procathepsin D secreted from cancer cells,acts as a mitogen on cancer cells and stimulates their pro-invasive and pro-metastatic *** this report,we focused on the possibility to use antiprocathepsin D autoantibodies as a diagnostic and/or predictive marker for cancers.

关键词： Cathepsin D Procathepsin D Autoantibodies Diagnosis Marker

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Bioactive substances with anti-neoplastic efficacy from marine invertebrates:Bryozoa,Mollusca,Echinodermata and Urochordata

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2011年第11期2卷 362-366页

作者： Petr Sima vaclav vetvicka Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of Sciences142 20 Prague 15400Czech Republic Department of Pathology University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40292United States

The marine environment provides a rich source of natural products with potential therapeutic *** has resulted in an increased rate of pharmaceutical agents being discovered in marine animals,particularly *** objective is to summarize the most promising compounds which have the best potential and may lead to use in clinical practice,show their biological activities and highlight the compounds currently being tested in clinical *** this paper,we focused on Bryozoa,Mollusca,Echinodermata and Urochordata.

关键词： Cancer Echinodermata Invertebrates Mollusca Urochordata

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Procathepsin D and cancer:From molecular biology to clinical applications

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2010年第1期1卷 35-40页

作者： vaclav vetvicka Aruna Vashishta Sujata Saraswat-Ohri Jana Vetvickova Department of Pathology University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40202United States Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Centre Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40202United States

Procathepsin D(pCD)is overexpressed and secreted by cells of various tumor types including breast and lung *** affects multiple features of tumor cells including proliferation,invasion,metastases and *** laboratories have previously shown that the mitogenic effect of pCD on cancer cells is mediated via its propeptide part(APpCD).However,the exact mechanism of how pCD affects cancer cells has not been *** observations have also revealed the possible use of pCD/APpcD as a marker of cancer *** purpose of this review is to summarize the three major potentials of pCD-tumor marker,potential drug,and screening agent.

关键词： Procathepsin D Cancer Screening Enzyme Cancer cells Stimulation

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New possibilities in treatment of chronic urinary tract infections-vaccines, autovaccines and beta glucans

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临床与病理杂志 2021年第9期41卷 1977-1981页

作者： Josef Richter vaclav vetvicka Karola Haasova Romana Mikesova Ivana Stiborova Vlastimil Kral Zdravotníústav se sídlem vÚstínad Labem Ústínad LabemCzech Republic Department of Pathology University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA

Background:Repeated infections of urinary tract manifest an increasing trend and became the most common infection in developed *** addition,currently common increase in resistant microbes including uropathogens underlines the need for new ways of urinary tract infection(UTI)*** of the possibilities is ***,commercially available bacterial vaccines are not always reliable,leading to the proposition of using autovaccines prepared from uropathogens of individual *** is a well-known fact that UTIs are often accompanied by depressed ***:To respond to both problems,we tried to use yeast-derived,insoluble beta glucans for restoration of depressed immune system and acceleration of the effects of *** all patients we repeatedly tested bacterial load in *** addition,from the same samples we measured the levels of inflammatory proteins,albumin,orosomukoid,IgA,C-reactive *** evaluation of inflammatory response and cellular immunity in blood was performed,***:Immediately after application of the first dose we observed significant improvements of clinical conditions which were persistent throughout the entire ***:Beta glucan is optimal addition to autovaccines,as it is natural,active,safe and *** propose that the possibility to use beta glucans in application of autovaccines is the first step in preparation of qualitative new type of autovaccines against UTI.

关键词： Urinary tract infection autovaccine Beta glucan

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设计并合成1,5-双硫代昆布二糖,三糖,四糖作为β-（1→3）-葡聚糖的模拟物及其免疫活性研究

设计并合成1,5-双硫代昆布二糖,三糖,四糖作为β-（1→3）-葡聚糖...

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2020年糖科学青年科技论坛

作者： Xiaoxiao Liao vaclav vetvicka David Crich Department of Chemistry Wayne State University Department of Pathology University of Louisville

在自然界中的藻类广泛存在的多糖β-（1→3）-葡聚糖是一种很好的免疫激活化合物,然而从自然界中提取分离多糖以及其结构分析有较大的困难。根据构效关系的研究结果,即β-（1→3）-葡聚糖与靶点蛋白之间的STD-NMR研究发现,化合物和靶点... 详细信息

在自然界中的藻类广泛存在的多糖β-（1→3）-葡聚糖是一种很好的免疫激活化合物,然而从自然界中提取分离多糖以及其结构分析有较大的困难。根据构效关系的研究结果,即β-（1→3）-葡聚糖与靶点蛋白之间的STD-NMR研究发现,化合物和靶点蛋白的结合主要来自化合物与蛋白结合位点之间的疏水相互作用,据此我们设计了1,5-双硫代-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖,用更加疏水的硫来取代糖苷键氧和吡喃糖环氧以此增加化合物的疏水性以及酸性水解稳定性。我们探索并建立了1,5-双硫代-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖单糖以及1,5-双硫代昆布寡糖的立体选择性合成路线。我们用该方法合成了1,5-双硫代昆布二糖,三糖,四糖并将合成的寡糖模拟物交给vetvicka实验室测试了这一类化合物与受体Dectin-1和CR3的结合以及刺激巨噬细胞的吞噬作用。测试结果表面这一类化合物有一定的非特异性免疫活性,能够和受体Dectin-1结合并激活巨噬细胞产生吞噬作用。

关键词： β-(1→3)-葡聚糖碳水化物模拟物硫代糖的化学合成

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葡聚糖和腐植酸:对免疫系统的协同作用

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腐植酸 2015年第6期 34-40页

作者： vaclav vetvicka Roberto Baigorri Angel M.Zamarre?o Jose M.Garcia-Mina Jean-Claude Yvin 周霞萍樊兴明美国路易斯维尔大学病理学系肯塔基州40292 钛美农业国际鲁利耶集团研发部奥尔科延999019 西班牙纳瓦拉大学化学和土壤化学系潘普洛纳999023 法国钛美农业国际研发部迪纳尔999019 华东理工大学科学技术发展研究院上海200237

腐植酸是由有机物质分解产生的混合物。尽管它们普遍存在,但对它们的生物学效应了解有限,且目前的研究结果存在争议。因此对来源不同且具有不同的生化特性的两种类型的腐植酸的免疫效果进行评估。单独使用这两种腐植酸或与已知发酵衍生... 详细信息

腐植酸是由有机物质分解产生的混合物。尽管它们普遍存在,但对它们的生物学效应了解有限,且目前的研究结果存在争议。因此对来源不同且具有不同的生化特性的两种类型的腐植酸的免疫效果进行评估。单独使用这两种腐植酸或与已知发酵衍生的免疫调节剂葡聚糖结合使用,并测其在细胞(吞噬作用和肿瘤抑制)和体液(抗体的产生和细胞因子的分泌)的免疫反应。研究结果表明,腐植酸是具有生物活性的免疫调节剂,影响体液免疫和细胞免疫反应。此外,本文研究的两种腐植酸在免疫反应的刺激下具有协同效应,为这些天然免疫调节剂的进一步研究提供了支持。

关键词：葡聚糖腐植酸免疫力吞噬作用

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