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Validity of studies suggesting preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer:A critical appraisal of randomized trials

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第1期12卷 113-123页

作者： Giulia Manzini ursula klotz Doris Henne-Bruns Michael Kremer Department of General and Visceral Surgery University of UlmUlm 89081Germany Department of General and Visceral Surgery Hospital of AarauAarau 5000Switzerland

BACKGROUND In 2015,Kidane published a Cochrane review and meta-analysis to summarise the impact of preoperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone on survival for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer.The authors concluded that preoperative chemotherapy improved overall survival(OS).AIM The aim of this article was to assess the validity of the three most powerful studies included in the Cochrane review and the meta-analysis supporting the advantage of preoperative chemotherapy and to investigate the impact of an exclusion of these three studies on the result of the meta-analysis.METHODS OS was selected as the endpoint of interest.Among the ten included papers which analysed this endpoint,we identified the three publications with the highest weights influencing the final result.The validity of these papers was analysed using the CONSORT checklist for randomized controlled trials.We performed a new meta-analysis without the three studies to assess their impact on the general result of the original meta-analysis.RESULTS The three analysed studies revealed several inconsistencies.Inappropriate answers were found in up to one third of the items of the CONSORT checklist.Missing information about sample-size calculation and power,unclear or inadequate randomisation,and missing blinded set-up were the most common findings.When the three criticized studies were excluded in the meta-analysis,preoperative chemotherapy showed no benefit in OS.CONCLUSION The three most powerful publications in the Cochrane review show substantial deficits.After the exclusion of these studies from the meta-analysis,preoperative chemotherapy does not seem to result in an advantage in survival.We suggest a more critical appraisal regarding the validity of single studies.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Assessment of validity Meta-analysis CONSORT Overall survival

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灰盖鬼伞中过表达的碱性真菌漆酶在高盐染料废水中的应用潜力(英文)

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微生物学报 2024年

作者：王先华朱雪玲林嘉钇谷贤富彭齐霞肖亚中 ursula Kües 方泽民德国哥廷根大学安徽大学生命科学学院安徽省微生物与生物催化工程技术研究中心安徽省现代生物制造重点实验室

【目的】本研究利用双孢菇(Agaricus bisporus) gpdII启动子，实现了碱性真菌漆酶PIE5 (CcPIE5)在灰盖鬼伞(Coprinopsis cinerea) FA2222中的同源过表达。【方法】在mKjalke液体培养基中、37 ℃培养7 d，漆酶活力达到(24.2±1.1) U/mL... 详细信息

【目的】本研究利用双孢菇(Agaricus bisporus) gpdII启动子，实现了碱性真菌漆酶PIE5 (CcPIE5)在灰盖鬼伞(Coprinopsis cinerea) FA2222中的同源过表达。【方法】在mKjalke液体培养基中、37 ℃培养7 d，漆酶活力达到(24.2±1.1) U/mL。纯化的CcPIE5在pH 8.0和60 ℃下表现出最佳催化活性。【结果】与已经研究报道的真菌漆酶不同，CcPIE5能耐受高浓度NaCl，当NaCl浓度从0升至1.5 mol/L时，CcPIE5的kcat和Km均呈下降趋势，表示CcPIE5在纺织印染废水脱色中有潜在应用价值。进一步在染料废水脱色应用中，以丁香酸作为介体，CcPIE5在pH 8.0和60 ℃条件下可高效降解(92.9±2.3)%的靛蓝胭脂红。通过LC-MS分析确认，邻氨基苯甲酸是靛蓝胭脂红降解的主要副产物。【结论】CcPIE5在高温、碱性和含盐条件下高效脱色染料，是处理环境和工业特定应用的理想选择。

关键词：真菌漆酶过表达灰盖鬼伞高盐靛蓝胭脂红

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Substitution of Aggregates in Concrete and Mortar with Coltan Mining Waste: Mechanical, Environmental, and Economic Impact Case Study

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 139-163页

作者： Alinabiwe Nyamuhanga Ally Élodie Ruffine Zang Masika Muhiwa Grâce Manjia Marcelline Blanche ursula Joyce Merveilles Pettang Nana Ngapgue François Bella Nabil Chrispin Pettang Laboratory Engineering Civil and Mechanics Doctoral Research Unit for Engineering and Applications University of Yaound&#233 I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technologies Free University of Great Lakes Countries (ULPGL) Goma DRC Department of Civil Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering of Yaoundé University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Civil Engineering Fotso Victor University Institute of Technology University of Dschang Bandjoun Cameroon FIMAS Laboratory Faculty of Technologies Tahri Mohamed University Bechar Algeria

The mining process involves drilling and excavation, resulting in the production of waste rock and tailings. The waste materials are then removed and stored in designated areas. This study aims to evaluate the mechanical strength and the environmental and economic impact of using Coltan Mining Waste (CMW) as a substitute for aggregates in concrete and mortar production. To achieve this, the CMW needs to be characterised. The Dreux Gorisse method was primarily used to produce concrete with a strength of 20 MPa at 28 days. The mortars, on the other hand, were formulated according to the NF P 18-452 standard. The environmental impact of using CMW as substitutes for natural aggregates in the production of concrete and mortar was analysed using SimaPro software. The results showed that mortars and concrete made with CMW have comparable compressive strengths to the reference mortar and concrete;reduce the negative impact on ecosystem quality, human health, resources, and climate change. It has also been shown that the substitution of aggregates by CMW reduces the cost of concrete and mortar as a function of the distance from the aggregate footprint.

关键词： Aggregate Coltan Mining Waste Concrete Mortar Mechanical Strength Life Cycle Analysis

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Artificial sweetener sucralose: a possible modulator of autoimmune diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5123-5125页

作者： Nicolle Kränkel ursula Rauch-Kroehnert Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité Klinik für KardiologieAngiologie und IntensivmedizinCampus Benjamin-Franklin(CBF)12203BerlinGermany DZHK(German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner site BerlinBerlinGermany Friede Springer—Centre of Cardiovascular Prevention@Charité Charité—University Medicine BerlinBerlinGermany

In their research article in Nature in March 2023,Fabio Zani and colleagues reported that high concentrations of the zero-calorie artificial sweetener sucralose affected the proliferation and differentiation of T cells toward interferon-γ-producing subsets,with no effect observed for B cells and myeloid cells.1 The publication has raised high hopes in the lay press on a widely available cure for patients suffering from autoimmune diseases.

关键词： autoimmune interferon diseases

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Relationship between early nutrition and deep gray matter and lateral ventricular volumes of preterm infants at term-equivalent age

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期19卷 460-468页

作者： Felicia Toppe Tobias Rasche Christel Weiss Alexandra Schock ursula Felderhoff-Müser Hanna Müller Department of Pediatrics I NeonatologyPediatric Intensive Careand Pediatric NeurologyUniversity Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg-EssenHufelandstr.5545147EssenGermany Department of Medical Statistics Biomathematicsand Information ProcessingMedical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg UniversityTheodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-368167MannheimGermany Pediatric Surgery University Hospital MarburgUniversity of MarburgBaldingerstraße35043MarburgGermany Department of Pediatrics Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive CareUniversity Hospital MarburgUniversity of MarburgBaldingerstraße35043MarburgGermany

Background The survival of preterm infants has improved over the last decade,but impaired brain development leading to poor neurological outcomes is still a major comorbidity associated with prematurity.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutrition on neurodevelopment in preterm infants and identify markers for improved outcomes.Methods Totally 67 premature infants with a gestational age of 24–34 weeks and a birth weight of 450–2085 g were included.Clinical parameters and documented diet were collected from medical records.The nutritional analysis comprised the protein,fat,carbohydrate,and energy intake during different time spans.Brain development was assessed by determining deep gray matter(DGM;basal ganglia and thalamus)and lateral ventricular(LV)volumes as measured on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging scans obtained at term-equivalent age(TEA),and potential associations between nutrition and brain volumetrics were detected by regression analysis.Results We observed a negative correlation between mean daily protein intake in the third postnatal week and MRI-measured DGM volume at TEA(P=0.007).In contrast,head circumference at a corrected age of 35 weeks gestation(P<0.001)and mean daily fat intake in the fourth postnatal week(P=0.004)were positively correlated with DGM volume.Moreover,mean daily carbohydrate intake in the first postnatal week(P=0.010)and intraventricular hemorrhage(P=0.003)were revealed as independent predictors of LV volume.Conclusion The study emphasizes the importance of nutrition for brain development following preterm birth.

关键词： Deep gray matter Lateral ventricles Magnetic resonance imaging Nutrition Prematurity

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Management of cataract surgery in Lowe syndrome

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第7期15卷 1198-1202页

作者： Katharina Eibenberger Sandra Rezar-Dreindl Franz Pusch ursula Schmidt-Erfurth Eva Stifter Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Department of Anesthesiology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria

AIM: To evaluate the ophthalmic and anesthesiologic management of cataract surgery in children with Lowe syndrome receiving lens removal, the development and management of secondary glaucoma.METHODS: This retrospective case series included 12 eyes of 6 children with genetically verified Lowe syndrome receiving cataract removal. Information regarding the type and duration of surgery and total anesthesia time were recorded. Additionally, intra-and postoperative complications were noted as well as clinical examinations such as visual acuity and funduscopy. RESULTS: All children received simultaneous bilateral cataract surgery at the mean age of 8.98±3.58 wk. Lensectomy combined with posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy was performed in all children. The mean time for cataract surgery per eye was 35.83±8.86 min, whereas the total time of surgery was 153.33±22.11 min. The mean extubation time and duration at recovery room was 42.33±22.60 min and 130.00±64.37 min, respectively. During surgery, a decrease of oxygen saturation below 93% was found in only one child. During the postoperative followup, nystagmus(6 children) and strabismus(5 children) was commonly found in contrast to no case of visual axis opacification. Secondary glaucoma developed in five eyes of three children, which was treated with topical eye drops in only one child. A trabeculectomy was performed in both eyes of one child, whereas removal of syechia and an iridectomy in one eye of one child. CONCLUSION: Bilateral simultaneous cataract surgery under general anesthesia is a safe surgical procedure in Lowe syndrome children. The glaucoma screening with intraocular pressure measurements is crucial in the postoperative management of Lowe syndrome patients to avoid additional visual impairment.

关键词： Lowe syndrome congenital cataract pediatric cataract surgery

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Schoolchildren from disadvantaged backgrounds present a loss of lean tissue mass and significant increase of body fat mass during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany:results from the MEDdirect study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第5期18卷 363-367页

作者： David Muhmann Marvin Droste Jorn Schulz Frederike Linge Lea Ladewig ursula Eisenberg Susanne Roder Rainer Buscher University Hospital Essen PediatricsⅡHufelandstr.5545147 EssenGermany Be Strong for Kids E.V Sundernholz 10845134 EssenGermany Schule Am Steeler Tor Engelbertstr.445127 EssenGermany

Children from socio-economically disadvantaged backgrounds receive unequal opportunities to succeed in school,which will lead to a decreased health literacy as adults[U].This is not only directly associated with an impaired eco-nomic and mental health and wellbeing of young people,but above all with an in creased adult mortality[1-4].While this problem is well known and described,only few and even fewer pediatric studies suggest how to interrupt this downward spiral consistently[5,6].

关键词： disadvantage adult impaired

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Exploring near-infrared absorbing nanocarriers to overcome cancer drug resistance

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第3期3卷 302-333页

作者： Siwei Chu ursula Stochaj Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineMcGill UniversityMontreal H3G1Y6QuebecCanada.

One of the major obstacles of successful cancer therapy is cancer drug resistance.The unique tools and applications developed by nanomedicine provide new approaches to surmount this common limitation of current treatment regimens.Nanocarriers that absorb light in the near-infrared spectrum are particularly suitable for this purpose.These nanocarriers can produce heat,release drugs or stimulate the production of physiologically relevant compounds when illuminated with near-infrared light.The current review summarizes the causes contributing to cancer multidrug resistance.The major types of nanocarriers that have been developed in recent years to overcome these hurdles are described.We focus on nanoparticles that are responsive to near-infrared light and suitable to surmount cancer multidrug resistance.Our review concludes with the bottlenecks that currently restrict the use of nanocarriers in the clinic and an outlook on future directions.

关键词： Cancer drug resistance chemotherapy nanomedicine near-infrared light combination therapy photothermal therapy photodynamic therapy controlled drug release

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Impairment of the Endothelium and Disorder of Microcirculation in Humans and Animals Exposed to Infrasound due to Irregular Mechano-Transduction

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第6期11卷 30-56页

作者： ursula Maria Bellut-Staeck Independent Scientist Berlin Germany

The microcirculation of mammals is an autoregulated and complex synchronised system according to the current demand for nutrients and oxygen. The undisturbed course of vital functions such as of growth, blood pressure regulation, inflammatory sequence and embryogenesis is bound to endothelial integrity. The sensible vasomotion is particularly dependent on it. Mechano-transduction signalling networks play a critical role in vital cellular processes and are the decisive physiological mechanism for an adequate NO-release, main responsible for the autoregulation of vessels. Disturbed endothelial integrity, originating, e.g., from chronic oxidative stress and/or mechanic (oscillatory) stress, leads to disturbance of vasomotion as well as a disequilibrium of redox systems, recognized as main cause for the development of chronic inflammation diseases such as atherosclerosis and corresponding secondary illnesses, possibly cancer. The endothelial cytoskeleton, which corresponds to a viscoelastic “tensegrity model”, offers the possibility for mechano-transduction via its special construction. The rapidly growing knowledge about mechanical forces in cellular sensing and regulation of the last years (that culminated in the Nobel Prize award for the decoding of pressure/vibration sensing ion channels), led us to the following hypothesis: The extern stressor “Noise” produces under certain conditions an oscillatory stress field in the physiologically laminar flow bed of capillaries, which is able to lead to irregular mechano-transductions. Findings provide a strict dependence on frequency in mechano-transduction with determination of thresholds for a 1:1 transmission. The knowledge, recently gained on endothelial mechano-transduction, sheds a new light on the importance of low frequencies. This could indicate the long-sought pathophysiological way in which infrasound can exert a stressor effect at the cellular level. Noise-exposed citizens, who live near infrastructures such as a biogas installation, heat pumps, block-type ther

关键词： Mechano-Transduction Endothelial Cytoskeleton Infrasound Oscillatory Stress Vasomotion

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Aversive and non-reward learning in the fire-bellied toad using familiar and unfamiliar prey stimuli

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 709-716页

作者： ursula DICKE： Antje HEIDORN Gerhard ROTH Brain Research Institute University of Bremen 28334 Bremen Germany

The present study investigated how snapping behavior toward familiar and unfamiliar prey is modified by reward omission and aversive conditioning in the fire-bellied toadBombina orientalis.Toads were trained to snap at cricket images by rewarding them with live crickets. The task was learned, and the learning criterion (10 snapping responses within 2 minutes) was reached in all individuals investigated. Subsequent reward omission did not alter the frequency of snapping to the familiar cricket stimulus. Snapping decreased only in some individuals, when a mild foot shock was applied at snapping. However, at presentation of images of hitherto unfamiliar meal worms and foot-shock application at snapping to the stimulus, the majority of toads diminished snapping significantly. Snapping responses decreased more rapidly, when snapping at meal worms was not rewarded or a footshock was applied uncorrelated to the presentation of or snapping at meal worms. These results demonstrate that in toads familiarity and unfamiliarity of prey stimuli are important factors in aversive learning, because well-trained responses to familiar stimuli become immune against reward omission. Furthermore, at presentation of unfamiliar stimuli, omission of reward and uncorrelated footshock had a stronger aversive effect than correlated footshock.

关键词：奖励蟾蜍猎物学习图像捕捉东方铃蟾频率捕捉图像表示

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