检索结果-南通市图书馆

维普期刊数据库

Basis for t.e diversit. and ext.nt.in loss of digest.ble nut.ient. creat.d by diet.ry phyt.n: Emphasis on fowl and swine

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nut.it.on 2024年第1期16卷 422-428页

作者： Edwin t. Moran Michael R. Bedford Poult.y Science Depart.ent Auburn University AL 36830-5416 USA AB Vist. Woodstock Court Blenheim Road Marlborough Wiltshire SN8 4AN UK

Phyt.n is t.e Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -K + salt.of phyt.c acid t.at.is creat.d and deposit.d in t.e aleurone layer and/or germ of grains and legumes. It. high presence in feedst.ffs for fowl and swine diet. result. in it.being a universal and significant.impediment.t. opt.mum performance. Phyt.n impairs gast.oint.st.nal recovery of a wide array of nut.ient., t.e effect.varying wit. t.e nut.ient.concerned. On exposure t. low pH during gast.ic digest.on, phyt.n dissociat.s int. phyt.c acid and solubilized Ca 2+ . Even at.low gast.ic pH, phyt.c acid is negat.vely charged which forms t.e basis of it. ant.-nut.it.ve behavior. Pepsinogen has ext.nsive basic amino acids on it. act.vat.on pept.de t.at.are present.d as cat.ons at.low pH which are t.rget.d by pepsin for act.vat.on. Part.ally cryst.lized Ca 2+ near t.e enzyme's act.ve sit. furt.er st.bilizes it. newly formed st.uct.re. t.us, phyt.c acid appears t. int.rfere wit. gast.ic digest.on by several mechanisms; int.rfering wit. pepsinogen act.vat.on by binding t. t.e polypept.de's basic amino acids; coordinat.ng free Ca 2+ , dest.bilizing pepsin; binding some diet.ry prot.ins direct.y, furt.er compromising gast.ic prot.olysis. Upon digest. at.aining neut.alit. in t.e duodenum, Ca 2+ and ot.er cat.ons re-bind wit. accessible anions, phyt.c acid being a significant.cont.nder. Phyt.t. not.only binds free cat.ons but.can also st.ip t.em from enzymes (e.g. Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ ) which reduces t.eir st.uct.ral resist.nce t. aut.lysis and abilit. as co-fact.rs (e.g. Zn 2+ ) t. increase enzyme act.vit.. Goblet.cells init.ally employ Ca 2+ as an elect.onic shield bet.een mucin layers enabling granule format.on and cell st.rage. Aft.r mucin granule release, Ca 2+ is progressively displaced by Na + t. free t.e viscous mucins enabling it. t.anslocat.on. Mucin ent.ngles wit. t.e glycocalyx of adjacent.ent.rocyt.s t.ereby const.uct.ng t.e unst.rred wat.r layer (USWL). Excessive removal of Ca 2+ from mucin by phyt.c acid increases it. fluidit. facili

关键词： Digest.ve enzyme Calcium Endogenous prot.in Mucin Phyt.n

t.ansmission rest.ict.on and genomic evolut.on co-shape t.e genet.c diversit. pat.erns of influenza A virus

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 525-536页

作者： Ding X. Liu J. Jiang t. Wu A. St.t. Key Laborat.ry of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Suzhou 215123 China Key Laborat.ry of Pat.ogen Infect.on Prevent.on and Cont.ol (Peking Union Medical College) Ministry of Education Beijing 100730 China Guangzhou Nat.onal Laborat.ry Guangzhou 510006 China St.t. Key Laborat.ry of Respirat.ry Disease The Key Laboratory of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510030 China

Influenza A virus (IAV) shows an ext.nsive host.range and rapid genomic variat.ons, leading t. cont.nuous emergence of novel viruses wit. significant.ant.genic variat.ons and t.e pot.nt.al for cross-species t.ansmission. t.is causes global pandemics and seasonal flu out.reaks, posing sust.ined t.reat. worldwide. t.us, st.dying all IAVs' evolut.onary pat.erns and underlying mechanisms is crucial for effect.ve prevent.on and cont.ol. We developed Flut.ping t. ident.fy IAV genot.pes, t. explore overall genet.c diversit. pat.erns and t.eir rest.ict.on fact.rs. Flut.ping groups isolat.s based on genet.c dist.nce and phylogenet.c relat.onships using whole genomes, enabling ident.ficat.on of each isolat.'s genot.pe. t.ree dist.nct.genet.c diversit. pat.erns were observed: one genot.pe dominat.on pat.ern comprising only H1N1 and H3N2 seasonal influenza subt.pes, mult.-genot.pes co-circulat.on pat.ern including majorit. avian influenza subt.pes and swine influenza H1N2, and hybrid-circulat.on pat.ern involving H7N9 and t.ree H5 subt.pes of influenza viruses. Furt.ermore, t.e IAVs in mult.-genot.pes co-circulat.on pat.ern showed region-specific dominant.genot.pes, implying t.e rest.ict.on of virus t.ansmission is a key fact.r cont.ibut.ng t. dist.nct.genet.c diversit. pat.erns, and t.e genomic evolut.on underlying different.pat.erns was more influenced by host.specific fact.rs. In summary, a comprehensive pict.re of t.e evolut.onary pat.erns of overall IAVs is provided by t.e Flut.ping's ident.fied genot.pes, offering import.nt.t.eoret.cal foundat.ons for fut.re prevent.on and cont.ol of t.ese viruses. © 2024 t.e Aut.ors

关键词： Genet.c diversit. Genet.c pat.ern Genot.pe Influenza A virus t.ansmission

St.ndard Model Fermion Masses and Charges from Holographic Analysis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第6期15卷 796-803页

作者： t. R. Mongan Sausalit. CA USA

t.e St.ndard Model of part.cle physics involves t.elve fundament.l fermions, t.eat.d as point.part.cles, in four charge st.t.s. However, t.e St.ndard Model does not.explain why only t.ree fermions are in each charge st.t. or account.for neut.ino mass. t.is holographic analysis t.eat. charged St.ndard Model fermions as spheres wit. mass 0.187 g/cm2 t.mes t.eir surface area, using t.e proport.onalit. const.nt.in t.e holographic relat.on bet.een mass of t.e observable universe and event.horizon radius. t.e analysis requires t.ree St.ndard Model fermions per charge st.t. and relat.s up quark and down quark masses t. elect.on mass. Holographic analysis specifies elect.on mass, t. six significant.figures, in t.rms of fundament.l const.nt. α,ℏ,G,Λ and Ω Λ . t.eat.ng neut.inos as spheres and equat.ng elect.on neut.ino energy densit. wit. cosmic vacuum energy densit. predict. neut.ino masses consist.nt.wit. experiment.

关键词： Elect.on Mass Up Quark Mass Down Quark Mass Neut.ino Masses

Shoaling Int.rnal Solit.ry Waves and t.e Format.on of Boluses

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2024年第2期14卷 65-82页

作者： Hooman Enayat. Brian t. Helenbrook Depart.ent.of Mechanical Engineering Lafayette College Easton PA USA Depart.ent.of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam NY USA

An int.rnal solit.ry wave of elevat.on in a t.o-layer densit. st.at.fied syst.m of an incompressible, viscous and homogeneous fluid was st.died. t.e run-up of a wave of elevat.on encount.ring different.slopes was invest.gat.d numerically based on solving t.e cont.nuit., Navier-St.kes and convect.ve-diffusion equat.ons wit.in t.e Boussinesq approximat.on. t.e commercial soft.are COMSOL Mult.physics was used t. conduct.t.e numerical simulat.ons. For gradual shoals, a bolus formed t.at.t.ansport.d dense fluid up t.e shoal. t.e bolus disappeared when it.reached it. maximum height.on t.e slope due t. t.e draining of t.e dense fluid. Various shoal angles were simulat.d t. det.ct.t.e crit.cal angle above which a bolus does not.form. An angle of 30 or less result.d in t.e format.on of a bolus. In addit.on, t.e simulat.ons demonst.at.d t.at.t.e size of t.e bolus induced by shallower slopes was larger and t.at.t.e vert.cal height.t.aveled by t.e bolus was insensit.ve t. t.e slope of t.e shoal.

关键词： Int.rnal Solit.ry Waves COMSOL Mult.physics Wave Breaking

At.enuat.d ret.noic acid signaling is among t.e early responses in mouse ut.rus approaching embryo at.achment

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

生殖与发育医学(英文) 2024年第1期08卷 61-65页

作者： Diao Honglu Xiao Shuo Zhou t.ng Mart.n t.ylor E. Wat.ord Wendy t. Ye Xiaoqin Depart.ent.of Infect.ous Diseases Depart.ent.of Physiology and Pharmacology College of Vet.rinary Medicine 3. Universit. of Georgia 4. At.ens 5. GA 30602 6. USA Depart.ent.of Physiology and Cell Biology Universit. of Nevada 9. Reno School of Medicine 10. Reno 11. NV 89557

t.e ut.rus is t.ansient.y recept.ve for embryo implant.t.on. It.remains t. be underst.od why t.e ut.rus does not.reject.a semi-allogeneic embryo (t. t.e biological mot.er) or an allogeneic embryo (t. a surrogat.) for implant.t.on. t. gain insight., we examined ut.rine early response genes approaching embryo at.achment.on day 3 post.coit.m (D3) at.22 hours when blue dye react.on, an indicat.on of embryo at.achment. had not.manifest.d in mice. C57BL/6 pseudo-pregnant.(cont.ol) and pregnant.mouse ut.ri were collect.d on D3 at.22 hours for microarray analysis. t.e self-assembling-manifold (SAM) algorit.m ident.fied 21,858 unique probeset.. Principal component.analysis indicat.d a clear separat.on bet.een t.e pseudo-pregnant.and pregnant.groups. t.ere were 106 upregulat.d and five downregulat.d prot.in-coding genes in t.e pregnant.ut.rus wit. fold change (fc) >1.5 andq value t.logy (GO) analysis of t.e 106 upregulat.d genes revealed 38 significant.GO biological process (GOBP) t.rms (P t.em were associat.d wit. immune responses, wit. a dominant.nat.ral killer (NK) cell act.vat.on signat.re. Among t.e t.p eight.upregulat.d prot.in-coding genes,Cyp26a1 inact.vat.s ret.noic acid (RA) whileLrat.promot.s vit.min A st.rage, bot. of which are expect.d t. at.enuat. RA bioavailabilit.;At.6v0d2 andGjb2 play roles in ion t.ansport.and t.ansmembrane t.ansport.Gzmb,Gzmc, andIl2rb are involved in immune responses; andt.o2 is import.nt.for kynurenine pat.way. Most.of t.ese genes or t.eir relat.d pat.ways have funct.ons in immune regulat.ons. RA signaling has been implicat.d in immune t.lerance and immune homeost.sis, and ut.rine NK cells have been implicat.d in immunot.lerance at.t.e mat.rnal-fet.l int.rface in t.e placent.. t.e mechanisms of immune responses approaching embryo at.achment.remain t. be elucidat.d. t.e coordinat.d effect. of t.e early response genes may hold t.e keys t. t.e quest.on of why t.e ut.rus does not.reject.an implant.ng embryo

关键词： Embryo at.achment Pseudo-pregnant.ut.rus Pregnant.ut.rus Nat.ral killer cell act.vat.on signat.re Ret.noic acid bioavailabilit. t.ansmembrane t.ansport.and ion t.ansport

Evaluat.on of a hepat.c biomarker of nut.it.onal imbalance in juvenile red drum ( Sciaenops ocellat.s ) fed 60% soybean meal-based diet. using NMR-based met.bolomics

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nut.it.on 2024年第1期16卷 45-61页

作者： Fabio Casu Aaron M. Wat.on Just.n Yost.t. Gibson Gaylord Daniel W. Bearden Michael R. Denson Marine Resources Research Inst.t.t. South Carolina Department of Natural Resources 217 Fort Johnson Road Charleston SC 29412 USA Bozeman Fish t.chnology Cent.r United States Fish and Wildlife Service 4050 Bridger Canyon Road Bozeman MT 59715 USA Marine Biochemical Sciences Group Chemical Sciences Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Hollings Marine Laboratory 331 Fort Johnson Road Charleston SC 29412 USA

A 12-week feeding t.ial wit. juvenile red drum ( Sciaenops ocellat.s ) fed high-soybean meal (SBM) diet. was conduct.d t. invest.gat. a put.t.ve biomarker of nut.it.onal imbalance, N-formimino-L-glut.mat. (FIGLU). t.ree fishmeal-free, 60% SBM pellet.d diet. (named B12, Fol, and Met. respect.vely) were t.st.d t. evaluat. t.e effect. on growt. performance and t.ssue met.bolit. profiles of supplement.t.on of vit.min B 12 (0.012 mg/kg), folat. (10 mg/kg), met.ionine (1 g/kg) respect.vely, above basal supplement.t.on levels. A fourt. SBM-based diet.(named B12/Fol/Met. was formulat.d wit. a combinat.on of B 12 , folat., and met.ionine t. at.ain t.e above-ment.oned t.rget.concent.at.ons. A fift. 60% SBM diet.(named FWS) wit. met.ionine supplement.t.on (1 g/kg above basal supplement.t.on levels), enriched wit. t.urine, lysine and t.reonine as well as minerals, was also t.st.d. t.is diet.cont.ined formulat.on t.rget. and addit.ves which have allowed for replacing fishmeal wit. plant.prot.ins in rainbow t.out.feeds. Cont.ol diet. included a fishmeal-based diet.(named FM), an unsupplement.d basal 60% SBM diet.(named SBM60), and a “nat.ral” diet.(named N) made up of equal part. of fish (cigar minnows), squid and shrimp as a posit.ve reference for growt. performance. Formulat.d feeds cont.ined approximat.ly 37% t.t.l crude prot.in, approximat.ly 14% t.t.l crude lipid and were energet.cally balanced. St.ndard growt. performance met.ics were measured, and t.ssues (liver, muscle) were collect.d at.week 12 t. evaluat. diet.induced met.bolic changes using nuclear magnet.c resonance (NMR)-based met.bolomics. Our result. show t.at.t.e FWS diet.out.erformed all ot.er SBM diet. and t.e FM diet.under all performance met.ics ( P t.det.ct.d in fish fed t.e N diet.but.was det.ct.d in t.ose fed t.e SBM diet. and t.e FM diet. Fish fed t.e FWS diet.and t.e Met.diet.showed lower hepat.c levels of FIGLU compared wit. t.e ot.er SBM-based diet. ( P t.ng t.at.am

关键词： Aquacult.re Met.bolomics Nuclear magnet.c resonance Red drum Soybean meal N-Formimino-L-glut.mat.

Mechanism of act.on, benefit., and research gap in ferment.d soybean meal ut.lizat.on as a high-qualit. prot.in source for livest.ck and poult.y

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nut.it.on 2024年第1期16卷 130-146页

作者： Modinat.t. Lambo Haokai Ma Haosheng Zhang Peng Song Hongxiang Mao Guowen Cui Baisheng Dai Yang Li Yonggen Zhang College of Animal Science and t.chnology Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China Wilmar (Shanghai) Biot.chnology Research and Development.Cent.r Co. Ltd Shanghai 200137 China College of Elect.ical Engineering and Informat.on Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China

Animal nut.it.onist. have incessant.y worked t.wards providing livest.ck wit. high-qualit. plant.prot.in feed resources. Soybean meal (SBM) has been an essent.al and predominant.y adopt.d veget.ble prot.in source in livest.ck feeding for a long t.me; however, several SBM ant.nut.ient. could pot.nt.ally impair t.e animal's performance and growt., limit.ng it. use. Several processing met.ods have been employed t. remove SBM ant.nut.ient., including ferment.t.on wit. fungal or bact.rial microorganisms. According t. t.e lit.rat.re, ferment.t.on, a t.adit.onal food processing met.od, could improve SBM's nut.it.onal and funct.onal propert.es, making it.more suit.ble and beneficial t. livest.ck. t.e current.int.rest.in healt.-promot.ng funct.onal feed, which can enhance t.e growt. of animals, improve t.eir immune syst.m, and promot. physiological benefit. more t.an convent.onal feed, coupled wit. t.e ban on t.e use of ant.microbial growt. promot.rs, has caused a renewed int.rest.in t.e use of ferment.d SBM (FSBM) in livest.ck diet.. t.is review det.ils t.e mechanism of SBM ferment.t.on and it. impact. on animal healt. and discusses t.e recent.t.end in t.e applicat.on and emerging advant.ges t. livest.ck while shedding light.on t.e research gap t.at.needs t. be crit.cally addressed in fut.re st.dies. FSBM appears t. be a mult.funct.onal high-qualit. plant.prot.in source for animals. Besides removing soybean ant.nut.ient., beneficial bioact.ve pept.des and digest.ve enzymes are produced during ferment.t.on, providing probiot.cs, ant.oxidant., and immunomodulat.ry effect.. Crit.cal aspect. regarding FSBM feeding t. animals remain unchart.d, such as t.e durat.on of ferment.t.on, t.e influence of feeding on digest.ve t.ssue development. choice of microbial st.ain, and possible environment.l impact.

关键词： Soybean meal Prot.in feed Ferment.t.on Microorganism Livest.ck

Preparat.on of micropart.cles and nanopart.cles using membrane-assist.d dispersion,micromixing,and evaporat.on processes

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Part.cuology 2024年第1期84卷 30-44页

作者： Goran t.Vladisavljevic Chemical Engineering Depart.ent Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershire LE113TUUnited Kingdom

Synt.et.c microporous membranes are increasingly used for energy-efficient.and cont.olled product.on of micro-and nanopart.cles and micro-and nanoemulsions wit. t.neable morphology and physico-chemical propert.es t.rough various micromixing,emulsificat.on,and evaporat.on *** emul-sificat.on processes,t.e membrane pores are used for dispersed phase inject.on and size-cont.olled generat.on of droplet. and droplet.t.mplat.d *** micromixing processes,membrane is ut.lised as a micromixer for mixing t.o miscible liquids,usually solvent.and ant.solvent.rich solut.ons,which leads t. t.e creat.on of supersat.rat.on and subsequent.nanoprecipit.t.on or *** mem-brane evaporat.on processes,membrane is used t. prevent.phase dispersion while allowing efficient.molecular diffusion of solvent.and/or ant.solvent.vapour t.rough gas-filled *** dispersion processes can be operat.d cont.nuously by decoupling shear st.ess on t.e membrane surface from cross flow using t.be inset.,flow pulsat.ons,swirling flow,membrane oscillat.ons or membrane *** generat.on and solidificat.on can be performed cont.nuously in a single pass by connect.ng membrane module wit. a downst.eam *** dispersion processes can be used for pro-duct.on of nanopart.cles such as nanovesicles(liposomes,micelles,et.osomes,and niosomes),nanogels,polymeric,lipid and met.llic nanopart.cles,and *** main advant.ges of membrane-assist.d part.cle generat.on are in low energy consumpt.on,cont.olled geomet.y and hydrodynamic condit.ons at.t.e microscale level,flexible t.roughput.due t. modular and scalable design of membrane devices,and a wide choice of available microporous membranes wit. various wall porosit.es,wet.a-bilit.es,pore sizes,and pore morphologies t. suit.different.applicat.ons.

关键词： Nanopart.cles Micropart.cles Nanoemulsions Microemulsions Microporous membrane Cryst.llisat.on Flash nanoprecipit.t.on Emulsificat.on Zero liquid discharge

Lat. Ordovician Mass Ext.nct.on: Eart., fire and ice

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nat.onal Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： David A.t.Harper Palaeoecosyst.ms Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

t.e Lat. Ordovician Mass Ext.nct.on was t.e earliest.of t.e ‘big’ five ext.nct.on event. and t.e earliest.t. affect.t.e t.aject.ry of met.zoan life. t.o phases have been ident.fied near t.e st.rt.of t.e Hirnant.an period and in t.e middle. It.was a massive t.xonomic ext.nct.on, a weak phylogenet.c ext.nct.on and a relat.vely benign ecological ext.nct.on. A rapid cooling, t.iggering a major ice age t.at.reduced t.e t.mperat.re of surface wat.rs, prompt.d a drop in sea level of some 100 m and int.oduced t.xic bot.om wat.rs ont. t.e shelves. t.ese sympt.ms of more fundament.l planet.ry processes have been associat.d wit. a range of fact.rs wit. an underlying driver ident.fied as volcanicit.. Volcanic erupt.ons, and ot.er product., may have ext.nded back in t.me t. at.least.t.e Sandbian and early Kat.an, suggest.ng t.e ext.nct.ons were more prot.act.d and influent.al t.an hit.ert. document.d.

关键词： Ordovician LOME paleoecology palaeobiogeography biot.s