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Universal silicon ring resonator for error-free transmission links

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 701-711页

作者： JUNBO ZHU WEIWEI ZHANG KE LI bharat PANT MARTIN EBERT XINGZHAO YAN MEHDI BANAKAR DEHN T.TRAN CALLUM G.LITTLEJOHNS FUWAN GAN GRAHAM REED DAVID J.THOMSON Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Peng Cheng Laboratory ShenzhenChina

We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of a universal silicon PN junction ring resonator for C band error-free communication links operated up to 50 Gb/s with co-designed optical modulation and detection performance. The universal p-n junction ring device shows co-designed detection responsivity up to 0.84 A/W, in conjunction with a modulation efficiency of -4 V·mm and>8 d B optical modulation extinction ratio, enabling C band 50 Gb/s NRZ communication link with a bit error rate≤3×10^(-12).

关键词： Gb/s resonator communication

Association of cannabis use disorder with atrial fibrillation in young men without concomitant tobacco use:Insights from nationwide propensity matched analysis

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 64-71页

作者： Bhavin Patel Sumanth Khadke Kshitij Mahajan Avleen Dhingra Rishika trivedi Samrath Singh Brar Sakshi Dixit Vaibhav Periwal Shaylika Chauhan Rupak Desai Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland HospitalPontiacMI 48341United States Lahey Hospital and Medical Center Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of MedicineBurlingtonMA 01805United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Department of Medicine Dayanand Medical College and HospitalLudhiana 141001PunjabIndia Department of Internal Medicine DHR HealthEdinburgTX 78539United States Department of Medicine Government Medical CollegePatiala 147001PunjabIndia Department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Health SystemWikes-BarrePA 18702United States Independent Researcher Outcomes ResearchAtlantaGA 30079United States

BACKGROUND Recent data are inconclusive regarding the risk of arrhythmias among young cannabis ***,many young adults use both cannabis and tobacco,which could add a residual confounding effect on ***,we studied young men who have cannabis use disorder(CUD)excluding tobacco use disorder(TUD)to understand their independent association with atrial fibrillation(AF)and related *** To study the association of CUD with AF and related *** We used weighted discharge records from National Inpatient Sample(2019)to assess the baseline characteristics and mortality rates for AF-related hospitalizations in young(18-44 years)men in 1:1 propensity-matched CUD+vs CUD-cohorts without *** Propensity matched CUD+and CUD-cohorts consisted of 108495 young men in each *** analysis showed an increased incidence of AF in black population with *** addition,the CUD+cohort had lower rates of hyperlipidemia(6.4%vs 6.9%),hypertension(5.3%vs 6.3%),obesity(9.1%vs 10.9%),alcohol abuse(15.5%vs 16.9%),but had higher rates of anxiety(24.3%vs 18.4%)and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)(9.8%vs 9.4%)compared to *** adjustment with covariates including other substance abuse,a non-significant association was found between CUD+cohort and AF related hospitalizations(odd ratio:1.27,95%confidence interval:0.91-1.78,P=0.15).CONCLUSION Among hospitalized young men,the CUD+cohort had a higher prevalence of anxiety and COPD,and slightly higher proportion of black *** there were higher odds of AF hospitalizations in CUD+cohort without TUD,the association was statistically *** subgroup analysis showed higher rates of AF in black ***-scale prospective studies are required to evaluate long-term effects of CUD on AF risk and prognosis without TUD and concomitant substance abuse.

关键词： Cannabis Marijuana Atrial fibrillation Tobacco use disorder Original research Smoking

Remote sensing and census based assessment and scope for improvement of rice and wheat water productivity in the Indo-Gangetic Basin

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3300-3308页

作者： SHARMA bharat International Water Management Institute (IWMI) New Delhi Office NASC Complex CG Block Dev Prakash Shastri Marg Pusa New Delhi 110012 India

Understanding of crop water productivity (WP) over large scale, e.g., river basin, has significant impli-cations for sustainable basin development planning. This paper presents a simplified approach to combine remote sensing, census and weather data to analyze basin rice and wheat WP in Indo-Gangetic River Basin, South Asia. A crop dominance map is synthesized from ground truth data and three existing LULC maps. National statistics on crop area and production information are collected and the yield is interpolated to pixel level using moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Crop evapotranspiration is mapped using simplified surface energy balance (SSEB) model with MODIS land surface temperature products and meteorological data collected from 56 weather stations. The average ET by rice and wheat is 368 mm and 210 mm respectively, accounting for only 69% and 65% of potential ET, and 67% and 338% of rainfall of the crop growth period measured from Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM). Average WP for rice and wheat is 0.84 and 1.36 kg/m3 respectively. WP variability generally follows the same trend as shown by crop yield disregarding climate and topography changes. Sum of rice-wheat water productivity, however, exhibits different variability leading to better understanding of irrigation water management as wheat heavily relies on irrigation. Causes for variations and scope for improvement are also analyzed.

关键词： crop water productivity remote sensing census Indo-Gangetic Basin

Choice of precipitant and calcination temperature of precursor for synthesis of NiCo_2O_4 for control of CO–CH_4 emissions from CNG vehicles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第3期30卷 62-71页

作者： Suverna trivedi Ram Prasad Department of Chemical Engineering &Technology Indian Institute of Technology (BHU)

Compressed natural gas（CNG）is most appropriate an alternative of conventional fuel for ***,emissions of carbon-monoxide and methane from such vehicles adversely affect human health and ***,to abate emissions from CNG vehicles,development of highly efficient and inexpensive catalysts is ***,the present work attempts to scan the effects of precipitants（Na2CO3,KOH and urea）for nickel cobaltite（Ni Co2O4）catalysts prepared by co-precipitation from nitrate solutions and calcined in a lean CO-air mixture at 400℃.The catalysts were used for oxidation of a mixture of CO and CH4（1：1）.The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffractometer,Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface-area,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy;temperature programmedreductionandScanningelectronmicroscopycoupledwith Energy-Dispersive X-Ray *** Na2CO3was adjudged as the best precipitant for production of catalyst,which completely oxidized CO-CH4mixture at the lowest temperature（T（100）=350℃）.Whereas,for catalyst prepared using urea,T（100）=362℃.On the other hand the conversion of CO-CH4mixture over the catalyst synthesized by KOH limited to 97%even beyond 400℃.Further,the effect of higher calcination temperatures of 500 and600℃ was examined for the best *** total oxidation of the mixture was attained at higher temperatures of 375 and 410℃ over catalysts calcined at 500 and 600℃ ***,the best precipitant established was Na2CO3and the optimum calcination temperature of 400℃ was found to synthesize the Ni Co2O4catalyst for the best performance in CO-CH4oxidation.

关键词： CNG vehicular emissions CO-CH4 oxidation NiG0204 Precipitants Calcinations

Friction and wear characteristics of robust carbon–carbon composites developed solely from petroleum pitch without reimpregnation

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Friction 2020年第5期8卷 945-956页

作者： Shishobhan SHARMA bharat PATEL Rasmika PATEL Department of Materials Science Sardar Patel UniversityVallabh VidyanagarAnandGujarat 380012India Kana Advanced Composites Industry PORVadodaraGujarat 380012India

Friction and wear characteristics correlating the fiber reinforcement percentage of carbon–carbon (C/C) composites solely developed from petroleum pitch matrices were investigated. This study exhibits the tribo-characteristics of C/C composites developed in a single-step carbonization process for varying loads for the first time without a reimpregnation process. A pin-on-disc tribometer with a sliding speed of 0.5 m/s and loads of 5, 10, and 20 N with a flat tool grade stainless steel pin as a static partner was employed. Further, polarized light optical and scanning electron microscopes (SEM) were utilized for a morphological analysis. Elastic modulus and strength were determined by a compression test. A result analysis is conducted to analyze sliding wear accompanied with minor abrasion. The composites with a high percentage of reinforcement exhibit credible wear resistance and mechanical robustness.

关键词： carbon sliding wear microstructure composite friction pitch characterization

Photo-induced Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Grafted Sodium Salt of Partially Carboxymethylated Guar Gum

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第12期32卷 1690-1703页

作者： J.H.trivedi M.D.Thaker H.C.trivedi P.G. Department of Chemistry Sardar Patel University

Photo-induced graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate（MMA） onto sodium salt of partially carboxymethylated guar gum（Na-PCMGG, DS = 0.291） was carried out in an aqueous medium using ceric ammonium nitrate（CAN） as photoinitiator to synthesize a novel graft copolymer, Na-PCMGG-g-PMMA, which may find its potential application as a metal adsorbent. The influences of synthesis variables such as concentrations of photoinitiator（CAN）, nitric acid and monomer（MMA） as well as reaction time, temperature and amount of substrate on the grafting yields were studied and the reaction conditions for optimum photo-grafting were evaluated. At optimum concentration, the maximum values of the grafting yields achieved were G = 271.61% and GE = 63.89%. The experimental results were found to be in very good agreement with the proposed kinetic scheme. The photo-graft copolymerization of MMA onto Na-PCMGG（ DS = 0.291） was also carried out in the presence and absence of ultraviolet radiation for studying the efficiency of the photoinitiator. The influence of carboxymethyl groups introduced onto the guar gum molecules with regard to its behavior towards ultra-violet radiation induced grafting with MMA was also investigated. Photo-grafting process was confirmed and the products were characterized with the help of the spectroscopic（1H-NMR and FTIR） and SEM techniques.

关键词： Photo-induced grafting Methyl methacrylate Sodium salt of partially carboxymethylated guar gum Optimum reaction conditions Characterization.

Kinematic Modeling for Biped Robot Gait Trajectory Using Machine Learning Techniques

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第2期19卷 355-369页

作者： bharat Singh Ankit Vijayvargiya Rajesh Kumar Department of Electrical Engineering Malaviya National Institute of TechnologyJaipur 302017India

This paper presents the predictive models for biped robot trajectory *** models are parametrizing as a continuous function of joint angle *** a previous work,the authors had collected the human locomotion dataset at RAMAN Lab,MNIT,Jaipur,*** MNIT gait dataset consists of walking data on a plane surface of 120 human subjects from different age groups and ***-two machine learning models(linear,support vector,k-nearest neighbor,ensemble,probabilistic,and deep learning)trained using the collected *** addition,two types of mapping,(a)one-to-one and(b)many-to-one,are presented for each *** mapping models act as a reference policy for the control of joints and prediction of state for the next time instant in advance if the onboard sensor *** show that the deep learning and probabilistic learning models perform better for both types of ***,the probabilistic model outperforms the deep learning-based models in terms of maximum error,because the probabilistic model effectively deals with the prediction *** addition,many-to-one outperforms the one-to-one mapping because it captures the correlation between knee,hip,and ankle ***,this study suggests a many-to-one mapping using the probabilistic model for biped robot trajectory generation.

关键词： Kinematic Locomotion Machine learning Prediction Regression

Development and comparison of aerial photograph aided visualization pipelines for LiDAR datasets

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第8期8卷 656-677页

作者： Suddhasheel Ghosh bharat Lohani Department of Civil Engineering MGM’s Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering CollegeAurangabadIndia Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpurIndia

Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)technology generates dense and precise threedimensional datasets in the form of point *** methods of mapping with airborne LiDAR datasets deal with the process of classification or feature specific *** processes have been observed to be time-consuming and unfit to handle in scenarios where topographic information is required in a small amount of *** there is a requirement of developing methods which process the data and reconstruct the scene in a small amount of *** paper presents several pipelines for visualizing LiDAR datasets without going through classification and compares them using statistical methods to rank these processes in the order of depth and feature *** make the comparison more meaningful,a manually classified and computer-aided design(CAD)reconstructed dataset is also included in the list of compared *** show that a heuristic-based method,previously developed by the authors perform almost equivalent to the manually classified and reconstructed dataset,for the purposes of *** paper makes some distinct contributions as:(1)gives a heuristics-based visualization pipeline for LiDAR datasets,and(2)presents an experimental design supported by statistical analysis to compare different pipelines.

关键词： LiDAR mining feature extraction visualization experiment design nonparametric statistics

Efficient Scalable Template-Matching Technique for Ancient Brahmi Script Image

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1541-1559页

作者： Sandeep Kaur bharat Bhushan Sagar Department of CSE Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchi835215India

Analysis and recognition of ancient scripts is a challenging task as these scripts are inscribed on pillars,stones,or *** recognition systems can help in preserving,sharing,and accelerate the study of the ancient scripts,but lack of standard dataset for such scripts is a major *** many scholars and researchers have captured and uploaded inscription images on various websites,manual searching,downloading and extraction of these images is tedious and error *** search queries return a vast number of irrelevant results,and manually extracting images for a specific script is not *** paper proposes a novelmultistage system to identify the specific set of script images from a large set of images downloaded from web *** proposed system combines the two most important pattern matching techniques-Scale Invariant Feature Transform(SIFT)and Template matching,in a sequential pipeline,and by using the key strengths of each technique,the system can discard irrelevant images while retaining a specific type of images.

关键词： Brahmi script SIFT(scale-invariant feature transform) multi-scale template matching web scraping