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Endoscopic diagnosis of sessile serrated adenoma/polyp with and without dysplasia/carcinoma

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第29期24卷 3250-3259页

作者： Takashi murakami Naoto Sakamoto Akihito Nagahara Department of Gastroenterology Juntendo University School of Medicine

Sessile serrated adenoma/polyps(SSA/Ps) are early precursor lesions in the serrated neoplasia pathway, which results in colorectal carcinomas with BRAF mutations, methylation for DNA repair genes, a Cp G island methylator phenotype, and high levels of microsatellite instability. Some of these lesions can rapidly become dysplastic or invasive carcinomas that exhibit high lymphatic invasion and lymph node metastasis potentials. Detecting serrated lesions, including SSA/Ps with and without dysplasia/carcinoma, is critical, but SSA/Ps can be difficult to detect, are inconsistently identified by endoscopists and pathologists, and are often incompletely resected. Therefore, SSA/Ps are considered to be major contributors to "interval cancers". If colonoscopists can identify the specific endoscopic characteristics of SSA/Ps, their detection and the effectiveness of colonoscopy may improve. Here, the endoscopic features of SSA/Ps with and without dysplasia/carcinoma, including the characteristics determined using magnifying endoscopy, are reviewed in the context of previous reports. Endoscopically, these subtle polyps are like hyperplastic polyps, because they are slightly elevated and pale. Unlike hyperplastic polyps, SSA/Ps are usually larger than 5 mm, frequently covered by a thin layer called the ‘‘mucus cap'', and are more commonly located in the proximal colon. Magnifying narrow-band imaging findings, which include dark spots inside the crypts and varicose microvascular vessels, in addition to the type II-open pit patterns detected using magnifying chromoendoscopy, effectively differentiate SSA/Ps from hyperplastic polyps. The lesions' endoscopic characteristics, which include their(semi)pedunculated morphologies, double elevations, central depressions, and reddishness, and the use of magnifying endoscopy, might help to detect dysplasia/carcinoma within SSA/Ps. Greater awareness may promote further research into improving the detection, identification, and complete res

关键词： Sessile serrated adenoma/polyp Invasive carcinoma arising from sessile serrated adenoma/polyp Serrated neoplasia pathway Endoscopic diagnosis Sessile serrated adenoma/polyp with cytological dysplasia

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Rayleigh scattering studies on inter-layer interactions in structure-defined individual double-wall carbon nanotubes

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Nano Research 2014年第10期7卷 1548-1555页

作者： Sihan Zhao tomoya Kitagawa Yuhei Miyauchi Kazunari Matsuda Hisanori Shinohara Ryo Kitaura Department of Chemistry & Institute forAdvanced Research Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8502 Japan Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 511-0011 Japan Japan Science and Technology Agency PRESTO Saitama 332-0012 Japan

Although the inter-layer coupling in layered materials has attracted considerable interest due to its importance in determining physical properties of two- dimensional systems, studies on the inter-layer coupling in one-dimensional systems have so far been limited. Double-wall carbon nanotubes （DWCNTs） are one of the most fundamental and ideal model systems to study the interqayer coupling in one-dimensional systems. In this work, Rayleigh scattering spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy are used to characterize the electronic transition between inner-and outer-nanotubes of the exactly same individual DWCNT. We find that the interqayer coupling is strong, leading to downshifts in most of the optical transition energies （up to -0.2 eV） compared to isolated CNTs. We also find that the presence of metallic tubes lead to stronger shifts. The inter-layer screening of Coulomb interactions is one of the key factors in explaining the observed results.

关键词： inter-layer coupling one-dimensional system electronic properties double-wall carbonnanotubes (DWCNTs) dielectric screening

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Obstructive and secretory complications of diverting ileostomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第47期28卷 6732-6742页

作者： Shingo Tsujinaka Hideyuki Suzuki tomoya Miura Yoshihiro Sato Chikashi Shibata Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversitySendai 983-8536MiyagiJapan

This review aimed to highlight the etiology,diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of obstructive and secretory complications associated with diverting ileostomy(DI).Obstructive complications at the stoma site are termed stoma outlet obstruction(SOO)or stoma-related obstruction(SRO).The incidence of SOO/SRO is 5.4%-27.3%,and the risk factors are multifactorial;however,the configuration of the stoma limb and the thickness of the rectus abdominis muscle(RAM)may be of particular ***-stomal tube decompression is initially attempted with a success rate of 33%-86%.A thick RAM may carry the risk of *** refinement,including a wider incision of the anterior sheath and adequate stoma limb length,avoids tension and immobility and may decrease SOO/*** complications of DI are termed high output stoma(HOS).Persistent HOS lead to water and sodium depletion,and secondary hyperaldosteronism,resulting in electrolyte imbalances,such as *** incidence of HOS is 14%-24%,with an output of 1000-2000 mL/d lasting up to three *** of HOS is commenced after excluding postoperative complications or enteritis and includes fluid intake restriction,antimotility and antisecretory drug therapies,and magnesium *** monitoring and surveillance programs have been successful in decreasing readmissions for dehydration.

关键词： Small bowel obstruction Stoma outlet obstruction Stoma-related obstruction High output stoma High output syndrome Dehydration

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Efficient gasification of wet biomass residue to produce middle caloric gas

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Particuology 2008年第5期6卷 376-382页

作者： Guangwen Xu Takahiro murakami Toshiyuki Suda Hidehisa Tani Yutaka Mito Research Laboratory IHI Co. Ltd. (IHI) Isogo-Ku Yokohama 235-8501 Japan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Phase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Energy Research Division Kobe steel Co. Ltd. Kobe Hyogo 651-2271 Japan

Various process residues represent a kind of biomass resource already concentrated but containing water as much as 60 wt.%. These materials are generally treated as waste or simply combusted directly to generate heat. Recently, we attempted to convert them into middle caloric gas to substitute for natural gas, as a chemical or a high-rank gaseous fuel for advanced combustion utilities. Such conversion is implemented through dual fluidized bed gasification （DFBG）. Concerning the high water content of the fuels, DFBG was suggested to accomplish either with high-efficiency fuel drying in advance or direct decoupling of fuel drying/pyrolysis from char gasification and tar/hydrocarbon reforming. Along with fuel drying, calcium-based catalyst can be impregnated into the fuel, without much additional cost, to increase the fuel＇s gasification reactivity and to reduce tar formation. This article reports the Ca impregnation method and its resulting effects on gasification reactivity and tar suppression ability. Meanwhile, the principle of directly gasifying wet fuel with decoupled dual fluidized bed gasification （D-DFBG） is also highlighted.

关键词： High-water content biomass Catalytic gasification Dual fluidized bed gasification Decoupled gasification Calcium

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Chronic heat stress induces renal fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in laying hens

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畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版 2023年第5期14卷 2002-2011页

作者： Fumika Nanto‑Hara Makoto Yamazaki Hitoshi murakami Haruhiko Ohtsu Division of Meat Animal and Poultry Research Institute of Livestock and Grassland ScienceNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization(NILGS)2 IkenodaiTsukubaIbaraki 305‑0901Japan

Background Heat stress in laying hens negatively affects egg production and shell quality by disrupting the homeo-stasis of plasma calcium and phosphorus *** the kidney plays an important role in calcium and phos-phorus homeostasis,evidence regarding the effect of heat stress on renal injury in laying hens is yet to be ***,the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic heat stress on renal damage in hens during laying *** A total of 16 white-leghorn laying hens(32 weeks old)were randomly assigned to two groups(n=8).One group was exposed to chronic heat stress(33°C for 4 weeks),whereas the other group was maintained at 24°*** Chronic heat exposure significantly increased plasma creatinine and decreased plasma albumin levels(P<0.05).Heat exposure also increased renal fibrosis and the transcription levels of fibrosis-related genes(COLA1A1,αSMA,and TGF-β)in the *** results suggest that renal failure and fibrosis were induced by chronic heat exposure in laying *** addition,chronic heat exposure decreased ATP levels and mitochondrial DNA copy number(mtDNA-CN)in renal tissue,suggesting that renal mitochondrial dysfunction occurs under conditions of heat *** mitochondria leak mtDNAs into the cytosol and mtDNA leakage may activate the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling *** results showed that chronic heat exposure activated the cGAS-STING pathway as indicated by increased expression of MDA5,STING,IRF7,MAVS,and NF-κB ***,the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(IL-12)and chemokines(CCL4 and CCL20)was upregulated in heat-stressed *** These results suggest that chronic heat exposure induces renal fibrosis and mitochondrial damage in laying *** damage by heat stress may activate the mtDNA-cGAS-STING signaling and cause subse-quent inflammation,which contributes to the progression of renal fibrosis and

关键词： cGAS-STING Heat stress Laying hens Mitochondrial DNA Renal fibrosis

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Laser-driven electrodynamic implosion of fast ions in a thin shell

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第5期8卷 73-81页

作者： S.Yu.Gus’kov Ph.Korneev M.murakami P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences 53 Leninskii Prospect119991 MoscowRussian Federation Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University565-0871 OsakaJapan

Collision of laser-driven subrelativistic high-density ion flows provides a way to create extremely compressed ion conglomerates and study their *** paper presents a theoretical study of the electrodynamic implosion of ions inside a hollow spherical or cylindrical shell irradiated by femtosecond petawatt laser *** propose to apply a very effective mechanism for ion acceleration in a self-consistent field with strong charge separation,based on the oscillation of laser-accelerated fast electrons in this field near the thin *** electrons are generated on the outer side of the shell under irradiation by the intense laser *** is shown that ions,in particular protons,may be accelerated at the implosion stage to energies of tens and hundreds of MeV when a sub-micrometer shell is irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses with an intensity of 10^(21)–10^(23)W cm^(−2).

关键词： dynamic thin irradiated

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Mechanism involved in Danshen-induced fluid secretion in salivary glands

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第5期21卷 1444-1456页

作者： Fei Wei Mu-Xin Wei Masataka murakami Division of Physiological Sciences School of Life ScienceGraduate University for Advanced StudiesOkazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine The first Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University Division of Cellular Physiology National Institute for Physiological SciencesNational Institutes of Natural SciencesOkazaki 444-8787Japan

AIM:Danshen's capability to induce salivary fluid secretion and its mechanisms were studied to determine if it could improve ***:Submandibular glands were isolated from male Wistar rats under systemic anesthesia with pentobarbital *** artery was cannulated and vascularly perfused at a constant *** excretory duct was also cannulated and the secreted saliva was weighed in a cup on an electronic *** weight of the accumulated saliva was measured every 3 s and the salivary flow rate was *** addition,the arterio-venous difference in the partial oxygen pressure was measured as an indicator of oxygen *** order to assess the mechanism involved in Dansheninduced fluid secretion,either ouabain(an inhibitor of Na+/K+ ATPase) or bumetanide(an inhibitor of NKCC1) was additionally applied during the Danshen *** order to examine the involvement of the main membrane receptors,atropine was added to block the M3 muscarinic receptors,or phentolamine was added to block the α1 adrenergic *** order to examine the requirement for extracellular Ca2+,Danshen was applied during the perfusion with nominal Ca2+ free ***:Although Danshen induced salivary fluid secretion,88.7 ± 12.8 μL/g-min,n = 9,(the highest value around 20 min from start of DS perfusion was significantly high vs 32.5 ± 5.3 μL/g-min by carbamylcholine,P = 0.00093 by t-test) in the submandibular glands,the time course of that secretion differed from that induced by *** was a latency associated with the fluid secretion induced by Danshen,followed by a gradual increasein the secretion to its highest value,which was in turn followed by a slow decline to a near zero *** application of either ouabain or bumetanide inhibited the fluid secretion by 85% or 93%,and suppressed the oxygen consumption by 49% or 66%,*** results indicated that Danshen activates Na+/K+ ATPase and NKCC1 to maintain Cl- release and K+ r

关键词： Salivary fluid secretion Xerostomia Chinese herb D

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SNOM Observations of Surface Plasmon Polaritons on Metal Heterostructures

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第10期24卷 2827-2829页

作者： KITAZAWA Tazuko MIYANISHI Shintaro murakami Yoshiteru KOJIMA Kunio TAKAHASHI Akira Advanced Technology Research Laboratories SHARP CORPORATION 2613-1 Ichinomoto-cho Tenri Nara Japan

We observe surface plasmon polariton （SPP） refraction on a metal heterostructured sample with a scattered-type scanning near-field optical microscope （SNOM）. The sample consists of AI and Au in-plane whose boundary is smooth enough with proper etching time. SPPs excited on the AI film travel to the boundary and a portion of SPPs propagates into the Au film. In addition, interference fringes appear in the SNOM image bent at the boundary. The result is analysed with effective index method and the refracted angle is explained by Shell＇s law.

关键词： LIGHT

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Influences of Casting Pressure Conditions on the Quality and Properties of a Magnesium Cylinder Head Cover Die Casting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2005年第2期21卷 170-174页

作者： WenhuiLIU YangaiLIU ShoumeiXIONG BaichengLIU Y.Matsumoto M.murakami DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering TsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084China ToyoMachinery&MetalCo. Ltd.Japan

Casting pressure conditions have great influences on the casting defects, such as gas porosity, shrinkage porosity and gas holes. A Mg cylinder head cover die casting was used to experimentally study the influences of casting pressure, the loading time and the piston position of pressure intensification on the variation of pressure and the quality of casting. The results show that casting pressure, the loading time and the piston position of pressure intensification have great influences on the pressure variations in the mold, the quality and performance of casting. The external quality, the density and the tensile strength of casting were improved with the increase of casting pressure and the piston position of pressure intensification and the decrease of the loading time of pressure intensification.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Pressure Die casting Quality Properties

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Flow Rate Measurement of Gravity Infusion Set and Functional Evaluation of Drop Counter: A Pilot Study

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering（生物医学工程） 2024年第7期 129页

作者： Rina Sakai Shuichi Tanaka Kaya murakami Tomomi Mizuhashi Kazuhiro Yoshida Masanobu Ujihira

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