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A crucial role of neutrophil extracellular traps in pulmonary infectious diseases

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Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期2卷 34-41页

作者： ting pan Jae Woo Lee Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury Department of Pulmonary MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Anesthesiology University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90230USA

Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs),extrusions of intracellular DNA with attached granular material that exert an antibacterial effect through entangling,isolating,and immobilizing microorganisms,have been extensively studied in recent decades.The primary role of NETs is to entrap and facilitate the killing of bacteria,fungi,viruses,and parasites,preventing bacterial and fungal *** formation has been described in many pulmonary diseases,including both infectious and non-infectious.NETs are considered a double-edged sword.As innate immune cells,neutrophils release NETs to kill pathogens and remove cellular debris.However,the dele-terious effects of excessive NET release in lung disease are particularly important because NETs and by-products of NETosis can directly induce epithelial and endothelial cell death while simultaneously inducing inflammatory cytokine secretion and immune-mediated thrombosis.Thus,NET formation must be tightly regulated to preserve the anti-microbial capability of NETs while minimizing damage to the host.In this review,we summarized the recent updates on the mechanism of NETs formation and pathophysiology associated with excessive NETs,aiming to provide insights for research and treatment of pulmonary infectious diseases.

关键词： Pulmonary infectious diseases Neutrophils Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs) NETosis

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict allograft survival after pediatric liver transplantation

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 239-249页

作者： Guang-Xiang Gu Shu-ting pan Yi-Chen Fan Chen Chen Qiang Xia Department of Liver Surgery Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineNo.160 Pujian RoadPudong New DistrictShanghai 200128China Department of Liver Transplantation Sun Yet-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityNo.107 Yanjiang West RoadGuangzhou 510080China Clinical Center for Investigation Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Anesthesiology Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Background Liver transplantation is the main treatment for cholestatic liver disease and some metabolic liver diseases in children.However,no accurate prediction model to determine the survival probability of grafts prior to surgery exists.This study aimed to develop an effective prognostic model for allograft survival after pediatric liver transplantation.Methods This retrospective cohort study included 2032 patients who underwent pediatric liver transplantation between January 1,2006,and January 1,2020.A nomogram was developed using Cox regression and validated based on bootstrap sampling.Predictive and discriminatory accuracies were determined using the concordance index and visualized using calibration curves;net benefits were calculated for model comparison.An online Shiny application was developed for easy access to the model.Results Multivariable analysis demonstrated that preoperative diagnosis,recipient age,body weight,graft type,preoperative total bilirubin,interleukin-1β,portal venous blood flow direction,spleen thickness,and the presence of heart disease and cholangitis were independent factors for survival,all of which were selected in the nomogram.Calibration of the nomogram indicated that the 1-,3-,and 5-year predicted survival rates agreed with the actual survival rate.The concordance indices for graft survival at 1,3,and 5 years were 0.776,0.757,and 0.753,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease and Child-Pugh scoring systems.The allograft dysfunction risk of a recipient could be easily predicted using the following URL:https://aspelt.***.io/ASPELT/l Conclusion The allograft survival after pediatric liver transplantation(ASPELT)score model can effectively predict the graft survival rate after liver transplantation in children,providing a simple and convenient evaluation method for clinicians and patients.

关键词： Allograft survival Nomogram Pediatric liver transplantation

Double-ring high-frequency common-mode switching oscillation current sensor for inverter-fed machine winding insulation monitoring

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Global Energy Interconnection 2024年第1期7卷 106-116页

作者： Lingqing pan Xizhou Du Xing Lei ting Ye Dawei Xiang Hao Li College of Electrical Power Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090P.R.China State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company Shanghai 200122P.R.China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804P.R.China

Insulation failure significantly contributes to the unpredictable shutdown of power equipment.Compared to the partial discharge and high-frequency(HF)injection methods,the HF common-mode(CM)leakage current method offers a non-intrusive and highly sensitive alternative.However,the detection of HF CM currents is susceptible to interference from differential-mode(DM)currents,which exhibit high-amplitude and multifrequency components during normal operation.To address this challenge,this paper proposes a double-ring current sensor based on the principle of magnetic shielding for inverter-fed machine winding insulation monitoring.The inner ring harnesses the magnetic aggregation effect to isolate the DM current magnetic field,whereas the outer ring serves as the magnetic core of the Rogowski current sensor,enabling HF CM current monitoring.First,the magnetic field distributions of the CM and DM currents were analyzed.Then,a correlation between the sensor parameters and signal-to-noise ratio of the target HF CM current was established.Finally,an experimental study was conducted on a 3-kW PMSM for verification.The results indicate that the proposed double-ring HF CM sensor can effectively mitigate DM current interference.Compared to a single-ring sensor,a reduction of approximately 40%in the DM component was achieved,which significantly enhanced the precision of online insulation monitoring.

关键词： Magnetic shielding Double-ring Common-mode current Maxwell simulation

Effect of Ti Particles on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ91 Magnesium Matrix Composites

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第3期37卷 513-524页

作者： Lu Xiao ting-ting Liu Yue Chu Bo Song Jie Zhao Xian-Hua Chen Kai-Hong Zheng Fu-Sheng pan College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China lntelligent Manufacturing and Automobile School Chongqing College of Electronic EngineeringChongqing 401331China School of Materials and Energy Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Science and Technology Research Institute of CNNC 404 Co.LTD Gansu 735100China Institute of New Materials Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

Spherical micro-Ti particle(TiP)-reinforced AZ91 magnesium alloy composites were fabricated by semi-solid stirring assisted ultrasonic vibration,which were then subjected to hot extrusion.The microstructure results showed that the addition of Ti particles refined the grain size and decreased the texture intensity of the as-extruded AZ91 alloy.An Al3Ti phase with a thickness of 100 nm formed at the Ti/Mg interface,which had a non-coherent relationship with the magnesium matrix.The as-extruded 1 vol.%TiP/AZ91 composite exhibited the best comprehensive mechanical properties,with yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and elongation at break of 366 MPa,456 MPa,and 14.6%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the AZ91 alloy.Therefore,the addition of Ti particles can improve the strength and ductility of the AZ91 alloy,demonstrating the value of magnesium matrix composites for commercial applications.

关键词： Magnesium matrix composites Ti particles Interface Mechanical properties

Identification of two compound heterozygous GNRHR mutations in two siblings with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 120-122页

作者： Xiao-Bin Wang Ping Chen Xue-Er Yu Zu-Liang Yao ting-Chao Guo Bo-Chen pan Center for Reproductive Medicine Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004China NuProbe Shanghai 200433China Urology Surgery of The Affiliated Reproductive Hospital of China Medical University and Liaoning Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Liaoning Research Institute of Family Planning(The Affiliated Reproductive Hospital of China Medical University)Shenyang 110031China NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics China Medical UniversityShenyang 110122China

DearEditor,Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(CHH)is a rare genetic disease characterized by gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)deficiency or insufficiency and normal hypothalamic-pituitary structures,resulting in defective sexual maturation or/and infertility.!CHH presents as a variety of nonreproductive phenotypes,such as renal hypoplasia,dental hypoplasia,or oculomotor abnormalities.

关键词： pogon compound ism

What is the Role of Gravity, Turbulence and Magnetic Fields in High-mass Star Formation Clouds?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 23-29页

作者： An-Xu Luo Hong-Li Liu Guang-Xing Li Sirong pan Dong-ting Yang School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University South-Western Institute for Astronomy Research Yunnan University

To explore the potential role of gravity,turbulence and magnetic fields in high-mass star formation in molecular clouds,this study revisits the velocity dispersion–size （σ–L） and density–size （ρ–L） scalings and the associated turbulent energy spectrum using an extensive data sample.The sample includes various hierarchical density structures in high-mass star formation clouds,across scales of 0.01–100 pc.We observe σ∝L0.26and ρ∝L-1.54scalings,converging toward a virial equilibrium state.A nearly flat virial parameter–mass (αvir-M) distribution is seen across all density scales,with αvirvalues centered around unity,suggesting a global equilibrium maintained by the interplay between gravity and turbulence across multiple scales.Our turbulent energy spectrum (E（k）)analysis,based on theσ–L andρ–L scalings,yields a characteristic E（k）∝k-1.52.These findings indicate the potential significance of gravity,turbulence,and possibly magnetic fields in regulating dynamics of molecular clouds and high-mass star formation therein.

关键词： ISM: clouds stars: formation stars: kinematics and dynamics

Towards Lessening Learners’Aversive Emotions and Promoting Their Mental Health:Developing and Validating a Measurement of English Speaking Demotivation in the Chinese EFL Context

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第2期26卷 161-175页

作者： Chili Li Xinxin Zhao Ziwen pan ting Yi Long Qian School of Foreign Languages Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan430068China Faculty of Education The University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China School of Foreign Languages Henan UniversityKaifeng450046China Research Institute of International Chinese Language Education Beijing Language and Culture UniversityBeijing100083China Faculty of Humanities The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong100872China School of Humanities Wuhan University of Engineering ScienceWuhan430200China

While a plethora of studies has been conducted to explore demotivation and its impact on mental health in second language(L2)education,scanty research focuses on demotivation in L2 speaking learning.Particularly,little research explores the measures to quantify L2 speaking demotivation.The present two-phase study attempts to develop and validate an English Speaking Demotivation Scale(ESDS).To this end,an independent sample of 207 Chinese tertiary learners of English as a Foreign Language(EFL)participated in the development phase,and another group of 188 Chinese EFL learners was recruited for the validation of the scale.Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA)and Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA)were employed to determine the factor structure of the scale.The EFA results revealed a six-factor solution with Teacher-related Factors in Learning Spoken English(TFLSE),Interest and Valence in Learning Spoken English(IVLSE),Self-efficacy in Learning Spoken English(SELSE),Negative Peer Influence in Learning Spoken English(NPILSE),Undesirable Environment for Learning Spoken English(UELSE),and Negative Influence of Assessment and Learning Materials in speaking class(NIALM).In the validation phase,Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA)was performed to validate the internal structure of the scale.The CFA results showed that the model fits the data well.Overall,the ESDS is a robust and trustworthy psychometric tool that could be utilized to examine L2 speaking demotivation.Implications for diminishing EFL learners’demotivation,lessening their aversive emotions and promoting their mental health are also discussed.

关键词： Demotivation for learning English speaking ESDS scale development and validation Chinese EFL learners mental health

Hepatocyte growth factor promotes retinal pigment epithelium cell activity through MET/AKT signaling pathway

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 806-814页

作者： Si-Rui Zhou Yu-Sheng Zhu Wen-ting Yuan Xiao-Yan pan Tong Wang Xiao-Dong Chen Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069Shaanxi ProvinceChina First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Xi’an No.1 HospitalXi’an 710002Shaanxi ProvinceChina Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab of OphthalmologyClinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’an 710002Shaanxi ProvinceChina

AIM:To explore the effects of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)on retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cell behaviors.METHODS:The human adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19(ARPE-19)were treated by HGF or mesenchymalepithelial transition factor(MET)inhibitor SU11274 in vitro.Cell viability was detected by a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.Cell proliferation and motility was detected by a bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay and a wound healing assay,respectively.The expression levels of MET,phosphorylated MET,protein kinase B(AKT),and phosphorylated AKT proteins were determined by Western blot assay.The MET and phosphorylated MET proteins were also determined by immunofluorescence assay.RESULTS:HGF increased ARPE-19 cells’viability,proliferation and migration,and induced an increase of phosphorylated MET and phosphorylated AKT proteins.SU11274 significantly reduced cell viability,proliferation,and migration and decreased the expression of MET and AKT proteins.SU11274 suppressed HGF-induced increase of viability,proliferation,and migration in ARPE-19 cells.Additionally,SU11274 also blocked HGF-induced phosphorylation of MET and AKT proteins.CONCLUSION:HGF enhances cellular viability,proliferation,and migration in RPE cells through the MET/AKT signaling pathway,whereas this enhancement is suppressed by the MET inhibitor SU11274.HGF-induced MET/AKT signaling might be a vital contributor of RPE cells survival.

关键词： hepatocyte growth factor mesenchymal epithelial transition factor SU11274 retinal pigment epithelial cells

Impact of continuous care on cardiac function in patients with lung cancer complicated by coronary heart disease

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 314-321页

作者： ting Gao Jin-Lan Luo pan Guo Xi-Wen Hu Xiao-Yan Wei Yan Hu Division of Cardiovascular First Ward Department of Internal MedicineLiyuan HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430077Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Wuhan Wuchang HospitalWuhan 430063Hubei ProvinceChina Cardiovascular Clinical Medical Center Liyuan HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430077Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Second Thoracic Surgery Hubei Cancer HospitalWuhan 430079Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Despite sharing similar pathogenic factors,cancer and coronary heart disease(CHD)occur in comparable populations at similar ages and possess similar susceptibility factors.Consequently,it is increasingly commonplace for patients to experience the simultaneous occurrence of cancer and CHD,a trend that is steadily rising.AIM To determine the impacts of continuing care on lung cancer patients with CHD following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).METHODS There were 94 lung cancer patients with CHD following PCI who were randomly assigned to the intervention group(n=38)and the control group(n=41).In the intervention group,continuing care was provided,while in the control group,routine care was provided.An evaluation of cardiac and pulmonary function,medication compliance,a 6-min walk test,and patient quality of life was performed.RESULTS Differences between the two groups were significant in left ventricular ejection fraction,6-min walk test,oxygen uptake,quality of life and medication compliance(P<0.05).In comparison with the control group,the enhancement in the intervention group was more significant.The intervention group had more patients with high medication compliance than the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION After undergoing PCI,lung patients with CHD could benefit from continued care in terms of cardiac and pulmonary function,medications compliance,and quality of life.

关键词： Lung cancer Continuing care Coronary heart disease Percutaneous coronary intervention