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Traditional Medicine Research 2023年第2期8卷 1-6页

作者： timothy omara Ambrose K.Kiprop Viola J.Kosgei Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Sciences and Aerospace StudiesMoi UniversityP.O.Box 3900-30100EldoretKenya Africa Center of Excellence II in Phytochemicals Textile and Renewable Energy(ACE II PTRE)Moi UniversityP.O.Box 3900-30100EldoretKenya Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources Department of ChemistryUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna3430TullnAustria Testing Department Uganda National Bureau of StandardsBweyogerere Industrial and Business ParkP.O.Box 6329KampalaUganda

Albizia coriaria Welw ***(hereafter ***)is a revered medicinal tree whose organs are used by indigenous African societies for managing various ***,we assessed the secondary metabolites,total polyphenolics,free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities of *** *** dry powdered sample was extracted serially with ethyl acetate,ethanol and distilled *** of classical phytochemical screening showed that saponins,phenols,alkaloids,flavonoids,tannins and terpenes were the dominant *** highest total polyphenolic content(10.37±0.02 mg QE/g DW and 72.09±0.09 mg GAE/g DW)and free radical scavenging potential(IC50=24.23±0.04 mg/mL)were for the ethyl acetate *** also had a higher bacteriostatic activity than the ethanolic extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Salmonella typhi,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with diameters of inhibition ranging from 7.00±0.00 to 22.00±1.73 *** aqueous extract showed no appreciable antibacterial effect on the tested *** is the first report which support the use of floral extracts of this species in the management of ailments in African traditional medicine.

关键词： bacteriostatic Albizia coriaria DPPH assay traditional medicine oxidative stress

Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** Benth.(Rutaceae):ethnomedicinal uses,phytochemistry,pharmacological activities,toxicity,and clinical application

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Traditional Medicine Research 2022年第6期7卷 12-42页

作者： timothy omara Ambrose K.Kiprop Viola J.Kosgei Sarah Kagoya Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Sciences and Aerospace StudiesMoi UniversityEldoret 3900-30100Kenya Africa Centre of ExcellenceⅡin Phytochemicals Textile and Renewable Energy(ACE II PTRE)Moi UniversityEldoret 3900-30100Kenya Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources Department of ChemistryUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna(BOKU)Tulln 3430Austria Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKyambogo UniversityKampala 1Uganda

Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** a plant extensively used in traditional ***,a synopsis of the research on various aspects of Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** *** electronic literature review revealed that formulations containing Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** used to manage and treat diabetes,eye problems,malaria,snake envenomation,malignancies,as well as venereal,gastrointestinal,reproductive,respiratory,dermatological,and odonatological *** date,90 compounds have been isolated and characterized from extracts of Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** extracts and isolated compounds from Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antioxidant,antiplasmodial,antiproliferative,anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1,antimycobacterial,antihypertensive,and antidiabetic *** bioactivities can be attributed to alkaloids,coumarins,limonoids,and phenylpropanoids present in different parts of the *** some studies have indicated moderate toxicity of the extracts,some of the dominant compounds in this species,such as estragole and carbazole alkaloids,are mutagenic or cytotoxic.A clinical trial utilizing a Ghanaian herbal formulation containing Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** *** found to be effective in reducing pain associated with *** progress to date supports the traditional use of this species in herbal ***,these studies do not explain the relationships between traditional uses,pharmacological activities,and mechanisms of ***,further studies should be designed to understand the biochemical properties and physiological effects of Clausena anisata(Willd.)*** ***,facilitating the development and utilization of this medicinal resource.

关键词： carbazole alkaloid coumarin limonoid phenylpropanoid essential oil

Leaching of Lead, Chromium and Copper into Drinks Placed in Plastic Cups at Different Conditions

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022年第2期13卷 9-19页

作者： Oliver Ahimbisibwe Denis Byamugisha Paul Mukasa timothy omara Emmanuel Ntambi Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara Uganda Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Sciences and Aerospace Studies Moi University Eldoret Kenya Africa Center of Excellence II in Phytochemicals Textile and Renewable Energy (ACE II PTRE) Moi University Eldoret Kenya

Plastic cups commonly used by communities of Uganda lose color with time as they are used. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of copper, lead and chromium in drinks placed in blue and green plastic cups from two companies (anonymized as A and B) in Uganda. New blue and green polyethylene plastic cups produced from unrecycled material were purchased from company A and company B while control cups of Luminarc white (Saudi Arabia) and porcelain white glazed (China) were purchased from shops in Mbarara city. The ash from the burnt blue and green plastic cups was digested using Aqua Regia. After a holding time of 30 and 60 minutes, milk and tea samples in the four different cups were also digested using Aqua Regia. Sample analysis for the supernatants was done in triplicates using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The ash of blue and green cups from company A was found to contain the highest concentration of heavy metals which ranged from 0.73 to 1.86 ppm for lead, 8.05 to 38.32 ppm of copper, and 655.80 to 756.57 ppm for chromium. For company B, the heavy metal concentrations ranged from 0.76 to 1.43 ppm, 5.51 to 22.85 ppm, and 756.67 to 815.25 ppm, respectively. The concentration of the leached metals ranged from 0.001 to 5.75 ppm for copper, 0.001 to 0.60 ppm for chromium, and 0.001 to 0.41 ppm for lead for the cup of company A. For the cup from company B, the concentration ranges for the leached metals were from 0.001 to 3.59 ppm, 0.001 to 1.08 ppm, and 0.001 to 0.29 ppm, respectively. Most of the values obtained for the leached concentrations of the metals studied were above the respective drinking water in WHO and USEPA permissible limits of 1 ppm (copper), 0.05 ppm (lead) and 0.1 ppm (chromium). The blue and green plastic cups from both companies had leached concentrations of copper, lead and chromium below the permissible limits at 25°C, pH 6.2 (milk) and a holding time of 30 minutes. The control cups did not leach detectable amou

关键词： Plastic Cups Leaching Metal Concentration

Pharmacognostic and phytochemical studies as an invaluable approach for correct identification of medicinal plants:The case of Artemisia vulgaris *** for Artemisia annua *** Western Uganda

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TMR Integrative Medicine 2023年第4期7卷 1-13页

作者： Ivan Kahwa Clement Olusoji Ajayi Reenu Yadav Nagendra Singh Chauhan Kamal Shah Abdelgadir Alamin Abdelgadir Efrata Ashuro Shegena Salome Daniel timothy omara John Baptist Asiimwe Hilda Ikiriza Shabnoor Iqbal Casim Umba Tolo Anke Weisheit Patrick Engeu Ogwang Pharm-BioTechnology and Traditional Medicine Centre Mbarara University of Science and TechnologyP.O.Box 1410MbararaUganda Department of Pharmacy Faculty of MedicineMbarara University of Science and TechnologyP.O.Box 1410MbararaUganda Department of Pharmacy IES UniversityBhopal-462044Madhya PradeshIndia Drugs Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan Kendra Raipur(CG)492010India Institute of Pharmaceutical Research GLA UniversityMathuraUttar Pradesh 281406India Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of GeziraP.O Box 20Wad MadaniSudan Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice Kampala International UniversityP.O.Box 9790Dares SalaamTanzania Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources Department of ChemistryUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna(BOKU)Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 243430Tulln an der DonauAustria Aga Khan University P.O.Box 8842KampalaUganda Department of Biology Mbarara University of Science and TechnologyP.O.Box 1410MbararaUganda Department of Zoology Government College UniversityFaisalabadPunjab 38000Pakistan

Background:Different parts of Artemisia vulgaris L.(***)are ethno-medicinally used as an emmenagogue and for the treatment of ailments such as malaria fever,ulcers,and ***,anecdotal evidence shows that the plant is often substituted for Artemisia annua L.(***)by herbalists in Western Uganda due to similarities in their *** of medicinal plants and mislabelling of herbal products have been incriminated in toxicity and adverse health outcomes in traditional medicine *** safety continues to be a major issue with the use of herbal remedies,it becomes imperative therefore that medicinal plants should be correctly ***:This study focused on investigating the macroscopic,microscopic,physicochemical characteristics and phytochemical composition of *** leaves compared to *** to ease its correct ***:The results showed that there are some colour differences between the leaves of the two species,with a close arrangement of microscopic features but different leaf *** leaves of the two Artemisia species had similar tastes,but their shapes and colours(greenish-yellow for *** and dark green for ***)can be used by the local community to distinguish between *** artemisinin content was higher in *** leaves(1.72%)than in ***(1.43%),but the reverse was observed for the total flavonoid ***:This observation could justify the change in the use of *** by the indigenous community in western *** studies should consider the pharmacognostic comparison of *** with other species in the genus Artemisia and the use of molecular techniques such as DNA barcoding.

关键词： Artemisinin traditional medicine misidentification microscopic studies

N-Alkoxyl Templates for Diastereoselective Pyrrolidine Synthesis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2004年第1期15卷 1-4页

作者： SongQingWANG omara.IBRAHIMI PanLI KangZHAO CollegeofPharmaceuticalsandBiotechnology TianjinUniversityTianjin300072 DepartmentofChemistry NewYorkUniversityNewYorkNY10003USA

Intramolecular cyclization of N-alkoxyl amines are studied for the stereoselective preparation of 2, 4-disubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives. Reduction of oximes under acidic conditions by NaBH3CN afforded the corresponding nucleophilic hydroxylamine derivatives, which subsequently cyclized via SN2' mechanism to give the desired N-alkoxyl pyrrolidines.

关键词： SN' reaction pyrrolidines oxime hydroxylamine.

Case Study: Spark GPU-Enabled Framework to Control COVID-19 Spread Using Cell-Phone Spatio-Temporal Data

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1303-1320页

作者： Hussein Shahata Abdallah Mohamed H.Khafagy Fatma A.omara Department of Computer Science Fayoum UniversityFayoum63514Egypt Department of Computer Science Cairo UniversityGiza1261Egypt

Nowadays,the world is fighting a dangerous form of Coronavirus that represents an emerging *** its early appearance in China Wuhan city,many countries undertook several strict regulations including lockdowns and social distancing ***,these procedures have badly impacted the world *** and isolating positive/probable virus infected cases using a tree tracking mechanism constitutes a backbone for containing and resisting such fast spreading *** helping this hard effort,this research presents an innovative case study based on big data processing techniques to build a complete tracking system able to identify the central areas of infected/suspected people,and the new suspected cases using health records integration with mobile stations spatio-temporal data *** main idea is to identify the positive cases historical movements by tracking their phone location for the last 14 days(i.e.,the virus incubation period).Then,by acquiring the citizen’s mobile phone locations for the same period,the system will be able to measure the Euclidean distances between positive case locations and other nearby people to identify the in-contact suspected-cases using parallel clustering and classification ***,the daily change of the clusters size and its centroids will be used to predict new regions of infection,as well as,new ***,this approach will support infection avoidance by alerting people approaching areas of high probability of infection using their mobile GPS *** case study has been developed as a simulation system consisting of three components;positive cases/citizens movement’s data generation subsystem,big data processing platform including CPU/GPU tasks,and data visualization/map geotagging *** processing of such a big data system requires intensive computing ***,GPU tasks carried out to achieve high performance and accelerate the data *** to the sim

关键词： Big data Coronavirus(COVID-19) parallel K-Means GPU Spark

Impacts of inorganic salts ions on the polar components desorption efficiency from tight sandstone:A molecular dynamics simulation and QCM-D study

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Petroleum Science 2022年第2期19卷 900-915页

作者： Shun Wang Jing Wang Hui-Qing Liu Hong-Quan Zhang Fang-Na Liu Ronald omara Erik State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting in China University of Petroleum Beijing102249China MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering in China University of Petroleum Beijing102249China Research Institute of Shanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co. Ltd.XianShanxi710075China

Ions in brine significantly affect ***,the mechanism of EOR with different brine is still *** Combining Molecular Dynamics(MD)method and Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation(QCM-D)technology to analyze ions distribution and the mechanisms in detaching acidic components on the sandstone,an effective method to determine the detaching capacity was *** results show that detaching capacity is related to ions distribution and hydration *** the oil/brine/rock system,ions far from the rock are favorable for detaching,while ions near the rock are unfavorable for detaching due to ion bridging *** hydrogen bond between water and naphthenic acid is key to *** strengthen the detaching by forming hydrated ions with water,and the detaching capacity is negatively correlated with hydrated ions radius and positively correlated with the water coordination *** detaching determination coefficient was established by considering the ions distribution,ions types,and hydration strength,then verified by *** brine detaching capacity with different Ca^(2+)/Mg^(2+)ratios was predicted based on MD and detaching determination coefficient,and verified by *** optimal Ca^(2+)/Mg^(2+)ratio gave 7:*** study provides theoretical guidance for targeted regulation of brine composition to improve the recovery of tight sandstone reservoir.

关键词： Tight sandstone reservoir Smart water Molecular simulation Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation

Neuroprotection by misoprostol against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in rat brain

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第1期11卷 40-47页

作者： Omar M.E.Abdel-Salam Amany A Sleem Eman R Youness Nadia A Mohammed Enayat A omara Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research Centre Department of Pharmacology National Research Centre Department of Medical Biochemistry National Research Centre Department of Pathology National Research Centre

Objective: To investigate the effect of the prostaglandin E1 analogue misoprostol on oxidative stress and neurodegeration caused by subcutaneous rotenone administration in rats. Methods:Rotenone was administered in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg every other day for 2 weeks. Starting from the 1 st day of rotenone injection, rats were subcutaneously treated with misoprostol at doses of10, 100 or 1 000 μg/kg. Rats were evaluated for brain lipid peroxidation(malondialdehyde:MDA), reduced glutathione(GSH), nitric oxide(NO) levels, and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) *** concentrations of the anti-apoptotic protein B cell/lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) were determined in the striatum. Histopathologic examination and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in the cerebral cortex and striatum were also performed. Results: Compared with the vehicle-treated group, rotenone caused a significant increase in brain lipid proxidation(MDA)by 61%(P<0.05) accompanied by an increase in NO by 73.1%(P<0.05) and a decrease in GSH concentration by 29.4%(P<0.05). In addition, brain PON-1 activity significantly decreased by63.0%(P<0.05) and striatal Bcl-2 significantly decreased by 27.9%(P<0.05) with respect to the corresponding control value. Brain sections from rotenone treated rats showed extensive dark pyknotic and apoptotic nuclei in neurons, shrunken cytoplasm and perineuronal *** also caused pronounced expression of iNOS in the cerebral cortex and *** with misoprostol at doses of 100 and 1 000 μg/kg resulted in decreased brain MDA(by 16.5%-23.0%)(P<0.05) and NO levels(by 37.1%-40.7%)(P<0.05) and increased GSH concentrations(by 18.8%-30.1%)(P<0.05). PON-1 activity was significantly increased by80.0%-114.8%(P<0.05) by misoprostol at 100 and 1 000 μg/kg, respectively. In addition,misoprostol treatment restored striatal Bcl-2 concentrations to its normal value. Misoprostol treatment resulted in markedly reduced brain injury and decreased iNOS expression in the cereb

关键词： Misoprostol Rotenone Brain oxidative stress B cell/lymphoma-2 Paraoxonase

Energy and Exergy Analysis of Pyramid-Type Solar Still Coupled with Magnetic and Electrical Effects by UsingMatlab Simulation

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Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer 2024年第1期22卷 217-262页

作者： Karrar A.Hammoodi Hayder A.Dhahad Wissam H.Alawee Z.M.omara Air Conditioning Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringWarith Al-Anbiyaa UniversityBaghdadIraq Mechanical Engineering Department University of TechnologyBaghdadIraq Control and Systems Engineering Department University of TechnologyBaghdadIraq Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikhEgypt

In the face of an escalating global water crisis,countries worldwide grapple with the crippling effects of scarcity,jeopardizing economic progress and hindering societal *** energy emerges as a beacon of hope,offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution to *** distillation technology,harnessing the power of the sun,transforms seawater into freshwater,expanding the availability of this precious *** solar still performance under specific climatic conditions and evaluating different configurations is crucial for practical implementation and widespread adoption of solar *** this study,we conducted theoretical investigations on three distinct solar still configurations to evaluate their performance under Baghdad’s climatic *** solar stills analyzed include the passive solar still,themodified solar still coupled with a magnetic field,and themodified solar still coupled with bothmagnetic and electrical *** results proved that the evaporation heat transfer coefficient peaked at 14:00,reaching 25.05 W/m^(2).℃for the convention pyramid solar still(CPSS),32.33 W/m^(2).℃for the magnetic pyramid solar still(MPSS),and 40.98 W/m^(2).℃for elecro-magnetic pyramid solar still(EMPSS),highlighting their efficiency in converting solar energy to ***,exergy efficiency remained notably lower,at 1.6%,5.31%,and 7.93%for the three still types,even as energy efficiency reached its maximum of 18.6%at 14:00 with a corresponding peak evaporative heat of 162.4 W/m^(2).

关键词： Pyramid solar still solar desalination energy and exergy analysis innovative solar still technique theoretical study Matlab

Role of zinc as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory to relieve cadmium oxidative stress induced testicular damage in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第12期6卷 1056-1064页

作者： Samir Abd El-Monem Bashandy Enayat Abdel Aziz omara Hossam Ebaid Mohamed Mahmoud Amin Mahmoud Sanad Soliman Department of Pharmacology Medical DivisionNational Research Centre Department of Pathology National Research Centre Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud University Department of Zoology Faculty of ScienceEl-Minia University Department of Therapeutic Chemistry National Research Centre

Objective:To investigate the role of zinc in reducing the deleterious effects of cadmium on male ***:Rats were injected subcutaneously with CdCl_2 and ZnCl_2 at dose level of2.2 mg/kg(1/40 of LD50 of cadmium per day).Results:The rats treated with cadmium exhibited a significant increase in levels of testicular malondialdehyde,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,nitrogen oxide and inducible nitrogen oxide synthase immunostaining reaction,as well as an elevation of blood hydroperoxide and follicle stimulating *** addition,a significant decrease in testicular ascorbic acid,zinc,reduced glutathione,catalase,superoxide dismutase,sex organ weight,plasma testosterone and luteinizing hormone were observed in the cadmium *** motility and count were decreased with cadmium treatment,while sperm abnormalities elevated *** treatment was found to mitigate the toxic effects of cadmium on oxidative stress,spermatogenesis,sex hormones,and inflammatory *** injected with cadmium showed intense histopathological *** manifested protective role and markedly reduced tissues damage induced by ***:The protective effect of zinc can be attributed to its antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties.

关键词： Zinc Cadmium Oxidative stress Immunohistochemistry Sperms Inflammatory markers