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Comparison of cognitive and UHDRS measures in monitoring disease progression in Huntington’s disease: a 12-month longitudinal study

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2014年第1期3卷 109-118页

作者： Eng A Toh Michael R MacAskill john C Dalrymple-Alford Daniel j Myall Leslie Livingston Sandy AD Macleod tim j anderson Department of Medicine Christchurch School of Medicine&Health SciencesUniversity of OtagoChristchurchNew Zealand New Zealand Brain Research Institute ChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Psychology University of CanterburyChristchurchNew Zealand Brain Injury Rehabilitation Service Canterbury District Health BoardChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Neurology Canterbury District Health BoardChristchurchNew Zealand

Progressive cognitive decline is a feature of Huntington’s disease(HD),an inherited neurodegenerative movement *** neuropsychological testing is the‘gold standard’to establish cognitive status but is often impractical in time-constrained *** study evaluated the utility of brief cognitive tests(MMSE and MoCA),UHDRS measures and a comprehensive neuropsychological tests battery in monitoring short-term disease progression in ***-two manifest HD patients and 22 matched controls were assessed at baseline and 12-month.A linear mixed-effect model showed that although the HD group had minimal change in overall global cognition after 12 months,they did show a significant decline relative to the control *** controls exhibited a practice effect in most of the cognitive domain scores over *** decline at 12-month in HD was found in the executive function domain but the effect of this on global cognitive score was masked by the improvement in their language domain *** varying practice effects by cognitive domain with repeated testing indicates the importance of comparing HD patients to control group in research trials and that cognitive progression over 12 months in HD should not be judged by changes in global cognitive *** three brief cognitive tests effectively described cognition of HD patients on cross-sectional *** UHDRS cognitive component,which focuses on testing executive function and had low variance over time,is a more reliable brief substitute for comprehensive neuropsychological testing than MMSE and MoCA in monitoring cognitive changes in HD patients after 12 months.

关键词： Huntington’s disease Disease progression Cognition UHDRS Longitudinal

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Caregiver burden is increased in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI)

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2017年第1期6卷 165-173页

作者： Ann j.jones Roeline G.Kuijer Leslie Livingston Daniel Myall Kyla Horne Michael MacAskill Toni Pitcher Paul T.Barrett tim j.anderson john C.Dalrymple-Alford New Zealand Brain Research Institute 66 Stewart StreetChristchurch 8011New Zealand Department of Psychology University of CanterburyChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Medicine University of OtagoChristchurchNew Zealand Cognadev UK Ltd.SandtonSouth Africa Department of Neurology Christchurch HospitalChristchurchNew Zealand Brain Research New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence ChristchurchNew Zealand

Background:There is limited evidence on caregiver outcomes associated with mild cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD-MCI)and the coping strategies used by these ***:To investigate this relationship,we examined levels of burden,depression,anxiety,coping strategies and positive aspects of caregiving in the informal caregivers of 96 PD *** PD patients were classified using MDS-Task Force Level II criteria as showing either normal cognition(PD-N;n=51),PD-MCI(n=30)or with dementia(PDD;n=15).Results:Mean Zarit Burden Interview(ZBI)score increased significantly between carers of PD-N(M=13.39,SD=12.22)compared to those of PD-MCI patients(M=22.00,SD=10.8),and between carers of PD-MCI and PDD patients(M=29.33,SD=9.59).Moreover,the proportion of carers showing clinically significant levels of burden(ZBI score≥21)also increased as the patients’cognitive status declined(18% for PD-N;60% for PD-MCI;and 80%for PDD)and was mirrored by an increasing amount of time spent providing care by the *** ZBI score was independent of patient neuropsychiatric symptoms,motor function,disease duration and time that caregivers spent *** use of different coping strategies increased with worsening ***,we found only equivocal evidence that the use of problem-focused,emotion-focused and dysfunctional coping mediated the association between patient cognitive status and caregiver burden,because the inverse models that used caregiver burden as the mediator were also ***:The study highlights the impact of Parkinson’s disease on those providing care when the patient’s cognition is poor,including those with *** well-being has important implications for caregiver support,nursing home placement and disease course.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Mild cognitive impairment Zarit caregiver burden interview Coping Depression Anxiety Positive aspects of caregiving

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Reduced striatal volumes in Parkinson’s disease:a magnetic resonance imaging study

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2012年第1期1卷 132-139页

作者： Toni L Pitcher Tracy R Melzer Michael R MacAskill Charlotte F Graham Leslie Livingston Ross j Keenan Richard Watts john C Dalrymple-Alford tim j anderson Department of Medicine University of OtagoChristchurchNew Zealand New Zealand Brain Research Institute 66 Stewart StChristchurch 8011New Zealand Department of Psychology University of CanterburyChristchurchNew Zealand College of Medicine University of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA Christchurch Radiology Group ChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Neurology Canterbury District Health BoardChristchurchNew Zealand

Background:The presence and extent of structural changes in the brain as a consequence of Parkinson’s disease(PD)is still poorly ***:High-resolution 3-tesla T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images in sixty-five PD and 27 age-matched healthy control participants were ***,caudate,and intracranial volumes were manually traced in the axial plane of 3D reconstructed *** nuclei volumes were normalized to intracranial volume for statistical *** status was assessed using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and Hoehn and Yahr *** status was assessed using global status tests and detailed neuropsychological ***:Both caudate and putamen volumes were smaller in PD brains compared to controls after adjusting for age and *** volumes were reduced by 11%(p=0.001)and putamen volumes by 8.1%(p=0.025).PD striatal volumes were not found to be significantly correlated with cognitive or motor ***:Small,but significant reductions in the volume of both the caudate and putamen occur in PD *** reductions are independent of the effects of age and gender,however the relation of these reductions to the functional loss of dopamine,which is characteristic of PD,remains unclear.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging Volumetry Caudate Putamen Parkinson’s disease

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High-resolution peat records for Holocene monsoon history in the eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第6期49卷 615-621页

作者： Lars G. Franzen A.j.tim jull Department of Earth Sciences Goteborg University P.O. Box 460 SE-405 30 Goteborg Sweden NSF-AMS Facility University of Arizona Arizona AZ85721 USA

The variations of summer and winter monsoons during the Holocene in theeastern Tibetan Plateau are shown to follow two basic models based on the reliable dating andhigh-resolution monsoon proxies determinations, one being a synchronous model in that both summerand winter monsoons are strengthening or decreasing, and the other to form a complementary *** two different patterns evenly interact with each other on different time scales and togethercompose a complicated monsoon climatic model in this region. The climatic condition integrated bywinter and summer monsoons is synchronous to the global pattern, which also shows the instability ofthe Holocene climate on centennial-millennial timescale. The abrupt monsoon event in about 6.2 kacat. BP is much more severe than that in ca. 8.0 ka cal. BP, which indicates the regional characterof the Asian monsoon and that the Asian monsoon climate is indeed a window on the global climatesystem.

关键词： eastern Tibetan Plateau, Holocene, winter and summer monsoons, asynchronous, peat, climate instability.

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ecent advances in selective acetylene hydrogenation using palladium containing catalysts

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015年第2期9卷 142-153页

作者： Alan j. McCue james A. anderson Surface Chemistry and Catalysis Group Department of Chemistry University of Aberdeen Aberdeen AB24 3UE UK Materials and Chemical Engineering Group School of Engineering University of Aberdeen Aberdeen AB24 3UE UK

Recent advances with Pd containing catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene are described. The overview classifies enhancement of catalytic proper- ties for monometallic and bimetallic Pd catalysts. Activity/ selectivity of Pd catalysts can be modified by controllingparticle shape/morphology or immobilisation on a support which interacts strongly with Pd particles. In both cases enhanced ethylene selectivity is generally associated with modifying ethylene adsorption strength and/or changes to hydride formation. Inorganic and organic selectivity modifiers （i.e., species adsorbed onto Pd particle surface） have also been shown to enhance ethylene selectivity. Inorganic modifiers such as TiO2 change Pd ensemble size and modify ethylene adsorption strength whereas organic modifiers such as diphenylsulfide are thought to create a surface template effect which favours acetylene adsorption with respect to ethylene. A number of metals and synthetic approaches have been explored to prepare Pd bimetallic catalysts. Examples where enhanced selectivity is observed are generally associated with decreased Pd ensemble size and/or hindering of the ease with which an unselective hydride phase is formed for Pd. A final class of bimetallic catalysts are discussed where Pd is not thought to be the primary reaction site but merely acts as a site where hydrogen dissociation and spillover occurs onto a second metal （Cu or Au） where the reaction takes place more selectively.

关键词： acetylene ethylene selective hydrogenation,palladium bimetallic

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Effect of dietary fibre on the gastrointestinal microbiota during critical illness:A scoping review

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World journal of Critical Care Medicine 2025年第1期14卷 49-59页

作者： Angajendra N Ghosh Calum j Walsh Matthew j Maiden tim P Stinear Adam M Deane Department of Intensive Care The Northern HospitalEpping 3076VictoriaAustralia Department of Microbiology and Immunology The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourne 3052VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care The Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care Medicine The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia

The systemic effects of gastrointestinal(GI)microbiota in health and during chronic diseases is increasingly *** strategies to modulate the GI microbiota during chronic diseases have demonstrated *** changes in dietary intake can rapidly change the GI microbiota,the impact of dietary changes during acute critical illness on the microbiota remain *** fibre is metabolised by carbohydrate-active enzymes and,in health,can alter GI *** aim of this scoping review was to describe the effects of dietary fibre supplementation in health and disease states,specifically during critical *** controlled trials and prospective cohort studies that include adults(>18 years age)and reported changes to GI microbiota as one of the study outcomes using non-culture methods,were *** show dietary fibres have an impact on faecal microbiota in health and *** fibre,inulin,has a marked and specific effect on increasing the abundance of faecal *** chain fatty acids produced by Bifidobacteria have been shown to be beneficial in other patient *** few trials have evaluated the effect of dietary fibre on the GI microbiota during critical *** research is necessary to establish optimal fibre type,doses,duration of intervention in critical illness.

关键词： Gastrointestinal microbiota Dietary fibre Health Critical illness Short chain fatty acids

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实时在线拉曼光谱气相均相反应动力学研究中的逆命题

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化工学报 2006年第3期57卷 571-576页

作者：黄民吴倩李佟茗 Chinho Park tim anderson 同济大学化学系 School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Yeungnam University 214-1Tae-dongKyongsan 712-749South Korea Chemical Engineering Department University of Florida Gainesville FL326011 USA

提出一种全新的气相均相反应动力学的研究方法.利用实时在线拉曼光谱的点测量特点,将所测得的气相浓度和温度值通过逆命题运算对气相均相反应过程直接去卷积,确定过程的物理和化学系数.实时在线测量得到的沿垂直射流反应器中轴线上的组... 详细信息

提出一种全新的气相均相反应动力学的研究方法.利用实时在线拉曼光谱的点测量特点,将所测得的气相浓度和温度值通过逆命题运算对气相均相反应过程直接去卷积,确定过程的物理和化学系数.实时在线测量得到的沿垂直射流反应器中轴线上的组分分子振动拉曼光谱被用来确定气相组分的浓度分布.同时氮气的纯转动拉曼光谱被用来确定气相温度分布.通过该方法,得到了稳定状态下TMGa-N2二元系中组分浓度扩散系数和气相均相化学反应速度常数,所得到的结果与其他文献值相一致.

关键词：逆命题运算系数确定反应动力学拉曼光谱

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Release, Recycle, Rebuild： Cell-Wall Remodeling, Autodegradation, and Sugar Salvage for New Wall Biosynthesis during Plant Development

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Molecular Plant 2018年第1期11卷 31-46页

作者： William j. Barnes Charles T. anderson Department of Biology Center for Ugnocellulose Structure and Formation The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA

Plant cell walls contain elaborate polysaccharide networks and regulate plant growth, development, mechanics, cell-cell communication and adhesion, and defense. Despite conferring rigidity to support plant structures, the cell wall is a dynamic extracellular matrix that is modified, reorganized, and degraded to tightly control its properties during growth and development. Far from being a terminal carbon sink, many wall polymers can be degraded and recycled by plant cells, either via direct re-incorporation by trans- glycosylation or via internalization and metabolic salvage of wall-derived sugars to produce new precur- sors for wall synthesis. However, the physiological and metabolic contributions of wall recycling to plant growth and development are largely undefined. In this review, we discuss long-standing and recent evi- dence supporting the occurrence of cell-wall recycling in plants, make predictions regarding the develop- mental processes to which wall recycling might contribute, and identify outstanding questions and emerging experimental tools that might be used to address these questions and enhance our understanding of this poorly characterized aspect of wall dynamics and metabolism.

关键词： Plant cell walls wall degradation wall recycling wall biosynthesis

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Quenching of the red Mn^(4+) luminescence in Mn^(4+)-doped fluoride LED phosphors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 973-985页

作者： tim Senden Relinde j.A.van Dijk-Moes Andries Meijerink Condensed Matter and Interfaces Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityP.O.Box 800003508 TA UtrechtThe Netherlands Soft Condensed Matter Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityP.O.Box 800003508 TA UtrechtThe Netherlands

Red-emitting Mn^(4+)-doped fluorides are a promising class of materials to improve the color rendering and luminous efficacy of white light-emitting diodes(w-LEDs).For w-LEDs,the luminescence quenching temperature is very important,but surprisingly no systematic research has been conducted to understand the mechanism for thermal quenching in Mn^(4+)-doped ***,concentration quenching of the Mn^(4+) luminescence can be an issue but detailed investigations are *** this work,we study thermal quenching and concentration quenching in Mn^(4+)-doped fluorides by measuring luminescence spectra and decay curves of K2TiF6:Mn^(4+) between 4 and 600 K and for Mn^(4+) concentrations from 0.01%to 15.7%.Temperature-dependent measurements on K2TiF6:Mn^(4+) and other Mn^(4+)-doped phosphors show that quenching occurs through thermally activated crossover between the ^(4)T_(2) excited state and ^(4)A_(2) ground *** quenching temperature can be optimized by designing host lattices in which Mn^(4+) has a high 4T2 state ***-dependent studies reveal that concentration quenching effects are limited in K_(2)TiF_(6):Mn^(4+)up to 5%Mn^(4+).This is important,as high Mn^(4+)concentrations are required for sufficient absorption of blue LED light in the parity-forbidden Mn^(4+)d–d *** even higher Mn^(4+) concentrations(>10%),the quantum efficiency decreases,mostly due to direct energy transfer to quenching sites(defects and impurity ions).Optimization of the synthesis to reduce quenchers is crucial for developing more efficient highly absorbing Mn^(4+) *** present systematic study provides detailed insights into temperature and concentration quenching of Mn^(4+) emission and can be used to realize superior narrow-band red Mn^(4+) phosphors for w-LEDs.

关键词： luminescence quenching fluoride

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A discussion of‘optimal reinsurance designs based on risk measures:a review’

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Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2020年第1期4卷 14-15页

作者： tim j.Boonen Amsterdam School of Economics University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands

I congratulate the authors on their review article(Cai and Chi,2020).Their paper reviews the academic literature on optimal reinsurance problems with risk *** optimal reinsurance,an insurer seeks to share the exogenou... 详细信息

关键词： academic insurance optimal

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