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Exercise-induced microbial changes in preventing type 2 diabetes

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 892-899页

作者： Ting Yao Hui Wang Kaiqing Lin Ruwen Wang Shanshan Guo Peijie Chen Hao Wu tiemin liu Ru Wang School of Exercise and Health Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic HealthShanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University School of MedicineXi’an 710061China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health Institute of Metabolism&Integrative BiologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Human Phenome InstituteFudan Microbiome Centerand Department of Bariatric and Metabolic SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismHuman Phenome Instituteand School of Life SciencesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

The metabolic benefits associated with long-term physical activity are well appreciated and growing evidence suggests that it involves the gut microbiota.Here we re-evaluated the link between exercise-induced microbial changes and those associated with prediabetes and diabetes.We found that the relative abundances of substantial amounts of diabetes-associated metagenomic species associated negatively with physical fitness in a Chinese athlete students cohort.We additionally showed that those microbial changes correlated more with handgrip strength,a simple but valuable biomarker suggestive of the diabetes states,than maximum oxygen intake,one of the key surrogates for endurance training.Moreover,the causal relationships among exercise,risks for diabetes,and gut microbiota were explored based on mediation analysis.We propose that the protective roles of exercise against type 2 diabetes are mediated,at least partly,by the gut microbiota.

关键词： gut microbiota body fat diabetes handgrip maximum oxygen intake

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Peripheral actions and direct central-local communications of melanocortin 4 receptor signaling

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 45-51页

作者： Lei Li Jinye Liang Cong Zhang tiemin liu Chao Zhang Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalShanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease ResearchFrontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Biology University of IowaIowa CityIA 52242USA State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Department of Endocrinology and Metabolismand School of Life SciencesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Melanocortin 4 receptor(MC4R),the most important monogenetic cause of human metabolic disorders,has been of great interest to many researchers in the field of energy homeostasis and public health.Because MC4R is a vital pharmaceutical target for maintaining controllable appetite and body weight for professional athletes,previous studies have mainly focused on the central,rather than the peripheral,roles of MC4R.Thus,the local expression of MC4R and its behavioral regulation remain unclear.In an attempt to shed light on different directions for future studies of MC4R signaling,we review a series of recent and important studies exploring the peripheral functions of MC4R and the direct physiological interaction between peripheral organs and central MC4R neurons in this article.

关键词： Body weight Energy homeostasis GPCR Melanocortin-4 receptor

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The hypothalamus for whole-body physiology:from metabolism to aging

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Protein & Cell 2022年第6期13卷 394-421页

作者： tiemin liu Yong Xu Chun-Xia Yi Qingchun Tong Dongsheng Cai State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismInstitute of Metabolism and Integrative BiologyHuman Phenome Instituteand Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and DevelopmentZhongshan HospitalSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Children’s Nutrition Research Center Department of PediatricsDepartment of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of MedicineOne Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Amsterdam University Medical CentersAmsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology MetabolismUniversity of AmsterdamMeibergdreef 91105AZ AmsterdamNetherlands Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine Department of Neurobiology and AnatomyUniversity of Texas McGovern Medical SchoolGraduate Program in Neuroscience of MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Molecular Pharmacology Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkNY 10461USA

Obesity and aging are two important epidemic factors for metabolic syndrome and many other health issues,which contribute to devastating diseases such as cardiovascular diseases,stroke and cancers.The brain plays a central role in controlling metabolic physiology in that it integrates information from other metabolic organs,sends regulatory projections and orchestrates the whole-body function.Emerging studies suggest that brain dysfunction in sensing various internal cues or processing external cues may have profound effects on metabolic and other physiological functions.This review highlights brain dysfunction linked to genetic mutations,sex,brain inflammation,microbiota,stress as causes for whole-body pathophysiology,arguing brain dysfunction as a root cause for the epidemic of aging and obesity-related disorders.We also speculate key issues that need to be addressed on how to reveal relevant brain dysfunction that underlines the development of these disorders and diseases in order to develop new treatment strategies against these health problems.

关键词： neuron metabolism hypothalamus obesity aging

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Lower serum magnesium concentration and higher 24-h urinary magnesium excretion despite higher dietary magnesium intake in athletes:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1471-1480页

作者： Haixin Zhang Ruwen Wang Shanshan Guo Qianqian Tian Shuang Zhang Liang Guo tiemin liu Ru Wang School of Kinesiology Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Physical Education Huainan Normal UniversityHuainan 232038China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismSchool of Life SciencesInstitute of Metabolism and Integrative BiologyHuman Phenome InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China School of Kinesiology Harbin Sport UniversityHarbin 150008China

Magnesium plays a critical role in the human's life activities and energy metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the magnesium status of athletes via a systematic review of cross-sectional studies. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library electronic databases, and other sources before April 5, 2021. Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review, involving 855 athletes and 521 control subjects. Serum magnesium concentration was significantly lower in athletes(mean difference(MD):-0.04 mmol/L;95% confidence interval(CI):-0.06 to-0.01;P = 0.02)in spite of significantly higher dietary magnesium intake(MD: 51.72 mg/day;95% CI: 14.62 to 88.83;P = 0.006). Meta-analysis showed that 24-h urinary magnesium excretion in athletes was significantly higher than that in the untrained population(MD: 0.76 mmol/day;95% CI: 0.11 to 1.41;P = 0.02). Despite higher total dietary magnesium intake, athletes generally have lower serum magnesium concentration and higher 24-h urinary magnesium excretion, demonstrating that the magnesium requirement of athletes is higher than the untrained population. It is necessary to carry out a dietary assessment and nutrition counseling to help athletes adopt proper diets to meet their nutritional needs in exercise.

关键词： Athletes Magnesium status Dietary magnesium intake Serum magnesium

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Impacts of exercise interventions on different diseases and organ functions in mice

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 53-73页

作者： Shanshan Guo Yiru Huang Yan Zhang He Huang Shangyu Hong tiemin liu School of Kinesiology Shanghai University of SportShanghai 20043&China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Life ScienceJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Background'. In recent years, much evidence has emerged to indicate that exercise can benefit people when performed properly. This reviewsummarizes the exercise interventions used in studies involving mice as they are related to special diseases or physiological status. To furtherunderstand the effects of exercise interventions in treating or preventing diseases, it is important to establish a template for exercise interventionsthat can be used in future exercise-related studies.Methods'. PubMed was used as the data resource for articles. To identify studies related to the effectiveness of exercise interventions for treatingvarious diseases and organ functions in mice, we used the following search language: (exercise [Title] OR training [Title] OR physical activity[Title]) AND (mice [title/abstract] OR mouse [title/abstract] OR mus [title/abstract]). To limit the range of search results, we included 2 filters:one that limited publication dates to "in 10 years,^ and one that sorted the results as "best match^^. Then we grouped the commonly used exercisemethods according to their similarities and differences. We then evaluated the effectiveness of the exercise interventions for their impact on diseasesand organ functions in 8 different systems.Results'. A total of 331 articles were included in the analysis procedure. The articles were then segmented into 8 systems for which the exerciseinterventions were used in targeting and treating disorders: motor system (60 studies), metabolic system (45 studies), cardio-cerebral vascularsystem (58 studies), nervous system (74 studies), immune system (32 studies), respiratory system (7 studies), digestive system (1 study), and thesystem related to the development of cancer (54 studies). The methods of exercise interventions mainly involved the use of treadmills, voluntarywheel-running, forced wheel-running, swimming, and resistance training. It was found that regardless of the specific exercise method used, mostof them demonstrated positive effects on various systemic diseases

关键词： Diseases Exercise intervention Mice Organ functions

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Lztfl1/BBS17 controls energy homeostasis by regulating the leptin signaling in the hypothalamic neurons

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2018年第5期10卷 402-410页

作者： Qun Wei Yi-Feng Gu Qing-Jun Zhang Helena Yu Yan Peng Kevin W. Williams Ruitao Wang Kajiang Yu tiemin liu Zhi-Ping liu Department of Surgical Oncology and Institute of Clinical Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310016 China Department of Internal Medicine UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75235 USA Department of Pathology UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75235 USA Department of Intensive Care Unit The Third Affiliated Hospital Harbin Medical University Harbin 150081 China Sate Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School of Life Sciences Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Zhongshan Hospital Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China Department of Molecular Biology UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX 75235 USA

在前脑的视下丘表明小径的 Leptin 受体(LepRb ) 响应一个改变的精力状态控制食物吸入和精力开销。在表明小径的 LepRb 的缺点能导致 leptin 抵抗和肥胖。象 1 一样的白氨酸拉链抄写因素(Lztfl1 )/BBS17 是 Bardet-Biedl 症候群(BBS ) ... 详细信息

在前脑的视下丘表明小径的 Leptin 受体(LepRb ) 响应一个改变的精力状态控制食物吸入和精力开销。在表明小径的 LepRb 的缺点能导致 leptin 抵抗和肥胖。象 1 一样的白氨酸拉链抄写因素(Lztfl1 )/BBS17 是 Bardet-Biedl 症候群(BBS ) 的一个成员基因家庭。人的 BBS 病人包括肥胖有大量病理。位于调整 Lztfl1 的肥胖下面的细胞、分子的机制是未知的。这里，我们产生了 Lztfl1 Lztfl1 能全球性并且以织物特定的方式在被删除的 f/f 老鼠模型。全球 Lztfl1 缺乏包括肥胖导致了多种的显型。Lztfl1 / 老鼠是 hyperphagic 并且作为 WT 同窝出生的人显示出类似的精力开销。Lztfl1 / 老鼠的肥胖的显型被 Lztfl1 的损失在大脑然而并非在 adipocytes 引起。Lztfl1 / 老鼠是 leptin 抵抗的。Lztfl1 的 Inactivation 在在 leptin 刺激之上在视下丘表明小径的 LepRb 废除了 Stat3 的 phosphorylation。Lztfl1 的删除没在 LepRb 膜本地化上有效果。而且，我们观察了胚胎的成纤维细胞(MEF ) 有的那只 Lztfl1 / 老鼠显著地更长的睫比 WT MEF。我们识别了潜在地与 Lztfl1 交往的几蛋白质。当这些蛋白质被知道涉及肌动朊 / 细胞骨架动力学的规定，我们建议 Lztfl1 可以调整 leptin 经由这些蛋白质发信号和睫的结构。我们的学习在在控制精力动态平衡的视下丘表明小径的 LepRb 作为一个新奇播放器识别了 Lztfl1。

关键词： leptin 状态控制精力调整信号平衡神经原成纤维细胞

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Lower Serum Magnesium Concentration and Higher 24-hr Urinary Magnesium Excretion Despite Higher Dietary Magnesium Intake in Athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年

作者： Haixin Zhang Ruwen Wang Shanshan Guo Qianqian Tian Shuang Zhang Liang Guo tiemin liu Ru Wang School of Kinesiology， Shanghai University of Sport Department of Physical Education， Huainan Normal University State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering， Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism， School of Life Sciences， Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology， Human Phenome Institute， Zhongshan Hospital， Fudan University School of Kinesiology， Harbin Sport University

Magnesium plays a critical role in the human’s life activities and energy metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the magnesium status of athletes via a systematic review of cross-sectional studies. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed， Web of Science， SPORTDiscus， Cochrane Library electronic databases， and other sources before April 5， 2021.Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review， involving 855 athletes and 521 control subjects. Serum magnesium concentration was significantly lower in athletes (mean difference (MD): - 0.04 mmol/L; 95% confidence interval (CI): - 0.06 to - 0.01 mmol/L; p = 0.02) in spite of significantly higher dietary magnesium intake (MD: 51.72 mg/day; 95% CI: 14.62 to 88.83 mg/day; P = 0.006). Meta-analysis showed that 24-hr urinary magnesium excretion in athletes was significantly higher than untrained population (MD: 0.76 mmol/day; 95% CI: 0.11 to 1.41 mmol/day; P = 0.02 ). Despite higher total dietary magnesium intake， athletes generally have lower serum magnesium concentration and higher 24-hr urinary magnesium excretion， demonstrating that the magnesium requirement of athletes is higher than the untrained population. It is necessary to carry out a dietary assessment and nutrition counseling to help athletes adopt proper diets to meet their nutritional needs in exercise.

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中国前陆冲断带油气地震勘探技术及发展方向

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石油学报 2024年第1期45卷 276-294页

作者：常德双王贵重温铁民李道善胡少华李凯刘冬民中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司河北涿州072750

前陆盆地是世界上油气资源最丰富的盆地类型,而地处其活动翼的前陆冲断带已成为近年来勘探突破发现和增储上产的重要接替领域。中国前陆冲断带油气地震勘探技术发展经历了常规二维地震、宽线大组合二维地震、常规三维地震和宽方位高密... 详细信息

前陆盆地是世界上油气资源最丰富的盆地类型,而地处其活动翼的前陆冲断带已成为近年来勘探突破发现和增储上产的重要接替领域。中国前陆冲断带油气地震勘探技术发展经历了常规二维地震、宽线大组合二维地震、常规三维地震和宽方位高密度三维地震4个阶段。通过面向叠前深度偏移成像的地震采集优化设计技术、面向复杂构造区的地震资料处理技术和面向复杂构造区的地震资料解释技术3个方面阐述了中国前陆冲断带油气地震勘探关键技术,并以塔里木盆地库车坳陷、准噶尔盆地南缘为例介绍了主要勘探成效,其对推动前陆冲断带核心配套技术形成和应用具有重要意义。对于前陆冲断带勘探中所面临的复杂地表和地下地质条件(双复杂)、构造变形剧烈、地震资料品质差等挑战,依然需要在"人工智能+物探技术"、深层—超深层、岩性地层及非常规油气藏、地球物理综合服务与跨专业一体化协同工作等方向进行探索和发展。

关键词：前陆冲断带地震勘探技术发展历程关键技术发展方向

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Pseudotime Ordering Single-Cell Transcriptomic ofβCells Pancreatic Islets in Health and Type 2 Diabetes

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Phenomics 2021年第5期1卷 199-210页

作者： Kaixuan Bao Zhicheng Cui Hui Wang Hui Xiao Ting Li Xingxing Kong tiemin liu Human Phenome Institute Fudan University825 Zhangheng RoadShanghai 201203China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School of Life Sciencesand Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and DevelopmentFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health Institute of Metabolism and Integrative BiologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

βcells are defined by the ability to produce and secret insulin.Recent studies have evaluated that human pancreaticβcells are heterogeneous and demonstrated the transcript alterations ofβcell subpopulation in diabetes.Single-cell RNA sequence(scRNA-seq)analysis helps us to refine the cell types signatures and understand the role of theβcells during metabolic challenges and diseases.Here,we construct the pseudotime trajectory ofβcells from publicly available scRNA-seq data in health and type 2 diabetes(T2D)based on highly dispersed and highly expressed genes using Monocle2.We identified three major states including 1)Normal branch,2)Obesity-like branch and 3)T2D-like branch based on biomarker genes and genes that give rise to bifurcation in the trajectory.βcell function-maintain-related genes,insulin expression-related genes,and T2D-related genes enriched in three branches,respectively.Continuous pseudotime spectrum might suggest thatβcells transition among different states.The application of pseudotime analysis is conducted to clarify the different cell states,providing novel insights into the pathology ofβcells in T2D.

关键词： Single-cell RNA seq Islets βcell Pseudotime T2D

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高温小井眼大直径岩心旋转井壁取心仪研制及应用

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石油机械 2024年第3期52卷 48-53页

作者：刘铁民田志宾黄琳冯永仁魏赞庆贾奇勇彭硕中海油田服务股份有限公司

随着油气勘探开发难度增大,特别是海洋油气勘探开发的不断加大,以及深水井、高温井越来越多,地质方面对电缆测井技术所获取的参数要求也越来越高。为了更好地获取小井眼尺寸井壁岩心样本,助力油气田高效探勘开发,通过对取心仪井下仪器... 详细信息

随着油气勘探开发难度增大,特别是海洋油气勘探开发的不断加大,以及深水井、高温井越来越多,地质方面对电缆测井技术所获取的参数要求也越来越高。为了更好地获取小井眼尺寸井壁岩心样本,助力油气田高效探勘开发,通过对取心仪井下仪器关键零部件电子控制短节和机械液压短节的创新设计与模拟分析,研制了适用于高温、高压、小尺寸井眼的大直径旋转井壁取心仪(MRCT-dumpy)。通过功能测试和5口井作业应用表明,大直径旋转井壁取心仪钻头性能及取心电机性能均得到充分验证,其热管理系统满足作业需要,符合设计要求;该取心仪取心功能正常,最高单趟收获岩心43颗,满足小井眼大直径取心作业要求。该仪器的设计与应用可为后期同类技术的发展提供指导。

关键词：旋转井壁取心仪小井眼大直径岩心样本模块化现场应用

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